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How to Treat Home Treatments for Dog Bites. Dog bites and their treatment. Dog Bite Treatment - Lacerations

Dog bites are always difficult and may not end well. in a good way... The most difficult is for young children and people who are unable to protect themselves. If the animal is not frightened off in time, it can leave lacerated wounds on the body. They will bleed, hurt, and vomit if you do not provide help in a timely manner. Today we will look at the causes of aggression and how to deal with a dog bite.

Why is the animal showing aggression?

  1. There is no single breed, size or age of an animal that can bite. This can be done by absolutely any dog. different reasons... Even vaccinated pets attack their owners because they are "persecuted".
  2. Very often animals bite when they want to play. It is at these moments that the pet can attack the child. There are also many reasons why an animal is aggressive against a person. Some people simply do not like people because they once caused harm.
  3. Other dogs do not feel well, do not feel love for the owner, and eat little. main reason perhaps this is a lack of upbringing. If the pet allows itself to be bitten even in jest, it will not see the difference.
  4. The yard dogs, battered by life and bad attitude of people. They huddle in flocks, then hunt a person with the whole swarm. Most often this happens without apparent reasons... And the place of the bite is the neck, calves, arms. Children are bitten on the face and the area closer to the shoulders.

First aid

A number of actions have been developed that you need to take in order to prevent deterioration of your health and to disinfect the wound in a timely manner.

  1. Wash the wound immediately. warm water with household or tar soap... It contains alkali, which will have a destructive effect on bacteria.
  2. After rinsing is carried out, take peroxide or direct a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Disinfect to stop hissing. Then wait until dry. Take iodine or brilliant green, treat the damaged area.
  3. Now it is necessary to numb the wound and prevent the spread of infection to adjacent tissues. Santomycin ointment is suitable as a lubricant for damage.
  4. Take a sterile bandage (required), lubricate it with the same product that you used to treat the bite area. Apply to the wound and wrap it, making a kind of compress. Do not overtighten.
  5. Now it's time to seek medical attention. Analyze the situation carefully, tell the doctor everything. If your dog has rabies or tetanus, targeted shots may be needed.

Home remedies for dog bites

  1. There are times when there is no way to apply for professional help in such a situation. To quickly disinfect the wound and help it heal as quickly as possible, use simple remedies.
  2. Take a suitable container and combine the turmeric powder with a small amount flower honey. Mix the ingredients. Wash the wound first with water and then with soap. Apply the prepared product to the bite site.
  3. This combination of components has a powerful antiseptic effect. Also honey perfectly eliminates inflammatory processes. In addition, you need to consume daily ascorbic acid... Vitamin C should be taken before complete healing wounds.
  4. Alternatively, it is suggested to use a healing ointment. To prepare it, you need to grind 3 walnut kernels. Mix the gruel from onions and a pinch sea ​​salt... Stir the healing agent thoroughly.
  5. Apply the compound to the bite site and secure it loosely with a bandage. The healing mixture is considered to be the most powerful remedy in such situations. You can also chop the onion and mix the gruel with 15 grams. honey, 7 ml. 3% vinegar. Apply the mass to the affected area.
  6. Mix 80 gr. burdock roots with 250 ml. vegetable oil(any). Insist the remedy for at least a day. After that, boil the composition over lazy heat for several minutes. Pour the product into a glass container. This ointment is suitable for any type of wounds. Use twice a day.
  7. If you are in nature, celandine leaves can be applied to the wound. It is recommended to rinse the raw material with water or wipe it off from dust. You can also cook more effective remedy... Boil in 500 ml. water 50 gr. eucalyptus leaves. The procedure will take no more than 5 minutes.
  8. After cooling, strain the composition and add 60 gr. natural honey... With this tool, you can treat any damage for disinfection and speedy wound healing.

  1. This case is most dangerous because rabies itself is caused by a powerful virus. If it penetrates into human blood due to the bite and saliva of a dog, then damage to the nerve endings will begin to develop.
  2. It is difficult to identify an animal with such a disease, but it is possible. The dog will be overly violent or, on the contrary, very calm. Due to the constant cramping in the pharyngeal area, it is difficult for the animal to swallow, so it refuses to drink and eat. In rabid dogs, salivation increases, which is noticeable with the naked eye. At the same time, the dog cannot bark, it only whines.
  3. To determine for sure whether the rabies virus has transferred into your bloodstream, you need to pay attention to the accompanying symptoms. Signs include fever, itching, pain, swelling during three days after the situation happened.
  4. In advanced cases, there is an excessive violation of the psycho-emotional environment, overexcitation, anger. Sometimes - the fear of water, light, sounds, etc. It also becomes difficult for a person to swallow due to a swollen larynx, but this is in the last stages.
  5. After being bitten by a dog, immediately prepare a warm soap solution from household shavings and water. Flush the wound liberally with it to kill bacteria. Then pour over with peroxide, dry, apply iodine or brilliant green.
  6. Remember that you need to get vaccinated against rabies within the next three days. Injections are given within a month after the transferred situation. Then the doctor will say that after them you can not drink alcohol for 6 months. Otherwise, there will be no result. Rabies is an extremely dangerous disease that does not always manifest itself immediately. Therefore, be on your guard throughout the year.

Signs of rabies in humans

  1. If we take the average data, the disease develops within 30-75 days after the bite occurred. But there are cases when it was possible to establish the first symptomatology after a week or, on the contrary, after whole year after the situation.
  2. Often, the duration of infection varies from what stage of the disease the infected animal was, how deep the wound was, how much saliva got into it, when the first injections were made, and whether vaccination was performed at all.
  3. But the most important thing is the affected area. The closer the site is to the brain, the faster the disease will develop. Very quickly, rabies makes itself felt if the dog has bitten on the neck or face. A little later - legs, arms.
  4. Conventionally, the entire process of the development of the disease can be divided into several stages. On early stage, which lasts from 1 to 3 days, there may be an increase in temperature, pain in the affected area, headaches and migraines, pulsation in the temples, problems mental plane(apathy with anger, joy with sadness, isolation with fear, insomnia, etc.).
  5. The next stage is called not otherwise than the period of the full height of the disease. It lasts a couple of days. At this stage, the patient may be afraid of the noise of water, loud sounds, light, all this literally drives you into horror. The secretion of saliva also increases, some people notice foam. The patient can show unreasonable aggression, rush from corner to corner, be too emotional for 2-3 days.
  6. In the last stage, a profound change in the physical and mental plane begins. There are also difficulties with respiratory system, delirium, hallucinations, convulsive spasms, circulation problems and vascular system generally. Breathing is getting worse, there is a certain whistle. Then comes calm for a couple of days and death.

  1. If you are faced with such a dire situation where a dog has attacked a child, you must remain calm. When you panic, you can only make things worse. Be clear and judicious. Rinse the wound immediately with warm water.
  2. Then repeat the procedure with laundry soap. Treat the affected area with greenery or iodine. Such a composition should not go directly into the wound. After that in mandatory visit the emergency room.
  3. As soon as you get to the hospital, be sure to explain to the doctor what exactly happened. Try to remember everything and tell it in detail. This will avoid complications. If a pet is attacked, provide the specialist with a vaccination certificate.
  4. Often in hospitals, the wound is washed and treated disinfectant... The doctor will also apply a sterile bandage to the affected area. As a last resort, spend surgery... The wound can be dangerous. If dirt or dirt gets into the wound, the baby will be vaccinated against tetanus without fail.
  5. As for rabies injections, they are given if a stray animal attacks. The doctor himself will consider it necessary what to inject. Often times, a dog attacks a child out of fear. Children may not understand a lot and treat an animal like a toy. The child can squeeze him or pull strongly by the tail.
  6. Because of this, even the most well-mannered and devoted dog may not withstand such bullying. Instincts and emotions take over the animal. The dog may feel that he is in danger. Because of this, she attacks the child so that everything would stop. Therefore, it is worth watching the child more, and not the animal.
  7. In addition, the dog may be sick or feel bad. And if a child gets it, nobody's nerves will endure. From pain, the animal will show aggression. Also, the pet can be jealous of the baby. Because of this irritation, aggression appears. Therefore, try to control the situation in any case.

Remember, if the dog bites hard enough and the wound is deep, see a doctor immediately. It is forbidden to independently use various drugs. Try to calm down and control yourself. Apply a bandage to stop the bleeding. Do not delay calling an ambulance.

Video: what to do if bitten by a dog?

Since ancient times, a dog lives next to a person, shares a shelter with him and plays with his children. Can you doubt her loyalty and friendliness? If the animal is domestic, does not show aggression and is healthy, then no. What about the other dogs that live on the street all the time? The street mongrel is a formidable enemy that defends its territory and itself. In this case, the bite is more a pattern than a surprise. Let's figure out what to do if bitten by a dog.

Before understanding what needs to be done, it is important to understand the types of bites. Dog bites are classified into two types:

  • Puncture wounds - the depth exceeds the width of the injuries. In this case, bleeding opens at the site of damage, which requires immediate assistance. First of all, the blood is stopped, then the wounds are treated with the use of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs, and a gauze bandage is applied on top of the injuries.
  • Laceration wounds - caused by the sliding of teeth on the skin with simultaneous pressure applied. This bite has visible damage to the skin and is more dangerous than a stab bite. The skin may flake off or even partially scalp. Most often, the limbs are affected, both upper and lower. In situations with children, the face and head become the most vulnerable place. In most cases, suturing and continued treatment are required under the supervision of a specialist.

Dog bite symptoms

After bites, both a small wound and significant damage can remain. In either case, a person may be threatened with the occurrence dangerous complications... As a rule, symptoms appear immediately:

  • Wound infection. Already during the bite or after there is a risk of infection. In this situation, a person begins to feel feverish, shiver. The body temperature rises. Skin around the lesion they turn red, swell, and the lymph nodes enlarge significantly.
  • . Large dogs with powerful jaws, they can not only break, but also crush human bone. This is especially true for dogs of fighting breeds.
  • Muscle damage and bleeding (both external and internal).
  • Suppuration of wounds. Without timely assistance and care for the injury, pus very often begins to accumulate in the tissues.
  • Infection with various infections - colibacillus, ticks and what is most dangerous -.

In any case, after an animal attack, you must seek medical attention. If a person has lost consciousness or feels fever, he is tormented by vomiting, then do not hesitate, but immediately call an emergency ambulance. In this case, we are talking about such possible consequences as disability and even death.

Among the most dangerous consequences infection with rabies can be distinguished. This case is worth considering in more detail.

Signs of rabies in humans

As soon as the virus enters the body, the incubation period immediately begins, which on average lasts from 1 to 3 months. The further the site of infection is from the brain, the longer this period will be. There are three stages of the disease:

  • Initial. Duration from 1 to 3 days. Even if the wound heals, the person begins to "feel" it, it can be a feeling of pain, burning, itching. Swelling of the scar is possible, the temperature rises to 37 ° C and remains at this level. The state of a person changes - he feels weak, there is a disorder of the stool and the urge to vomit. During the same period, various hallucinations and depressive state... Sleep is disturbed and nightmares appear.
  • Arousal stage (2-3 days). It is characterized by the development of hydrophobia, fear of water. The sight, and later the sound of water, provokes spasms of the swallowing muscles and respiratory muscles. The person develops seizures and a feeling of overwhelming fear. The patient's gaze is focused at one point, the pupils dilate.
  • Paralysis stage (from 12 hours to 1 day). Outwardly, a person calms down, his functions of movement and feelings fade away. The body temperature rises to 42 ° C, the pressure drops, and the heart rate increases. A person dies due to paralysis of the heart muscle, or respiratory organs.

Vaccinating a person against rabies

At the slightest suspicion of a disease, a person is vaccinated in the buttock or forearm. Of course, it does not consist of 40 mythical injections, but only six that completely remove the virus. The vaccination schedule is as follows:

  • it is primarily placed on the day a person enters a medical facility;
  • then after three days;
  • on the seventh day;
  • two weeks later, on the 14th day;
  • a month later, on the 30th day;
  • three months later, on the 90th day.

Rabies vaccine is the only way healing. In some cases, if after 10 days the dog is alive and well, then the vaccination of the person is stopped.

When vaccinations may not work

For a healthy person, before a dog bites, the vaccine is 100% salvation. But there are a number of reasons when it may not work:

  • congenital weakness of the immune system;
  • long-term treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants;
  • delayed vaccination;
  • expired or improperly stored vaccine;
  • missing procedures;
  • alcohol intake.

Actions after a dog bite

After being bitten by a dog (even one with vaccinations), the victim needs help:

  • First of all, you need to inspect the damage - to establish the severity of the injury, whether bones, large vessels, ligaments have suffered.
  • Bleeding must be stopped before treatment. If the artery is affected, then it is necessary to apply a tourniquet above the damaged area, in the case of the affected vein, a tight-fitting dressing will be sufficient.
  • Bite treatment is as follows: washed boiled water with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, if there is no product, then it will do soapy water; after the wound is treated with an antiseptic - a weak solution of potassium permanganate or furacillin. The skin around the lesion can be lubricated with iodine solution or brilliant green.
  • The treated wound is covered with a gauze bandage, which should not be tightly tightened without bleeding.

Often, such procedures are quite enough to avoid complications and achieve successful tissue healing.

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When medical attention and treatment is needed

All severe injuries require examination by a specialist trauma specialist. Both puncture and laceration wounds can pose significant complications. Most lacerations require stitches, and any facial wounds or bites in the head area should also see a doctor.

If a child is injured, then often in addition to medical care consultation of a psychologist is required.

With minor injuries, the treatment of a bite can be done independently, in compliance with the basic rules:

  • Inspect and clean the wound daily.
  • Do not wet the affected area.
  • Replace the dressing with a new one every day.
  • If from the bitten place appear slight discharge, then you will need to rinse with an antiseptic solution (at this time, you should not use hydrogen peroxide), and then sprinkle the bite with talcum powder (you can use baby powder).
  • Use ointment under the bandage if the wound is not wet and without discharge.

Among the ointments high efficiency for bites and other wounds, Syntomycin ointment and Liniment balsamic according to Vishnevsky are different. It is recommended to use sprays Panthenol and Akutol as an antiseptic.

If the damage is serious, then only a doctor can provide appropriate treatment. If an infection has got into the wound, then a course of antibiotics is prescribed.

If necessary emergency called Ambulance, in other situations, you can contact a therapist in a polyclinic or immediately an infectious disease doctor.

Of course, a dog bite is an unpleasant and sometimes dangerous phenomenon. But after all, not always in a similar phenomenon the animal is guilty. You should not be careless and approach unfamiliar dogs, try to stroke them, all the more to show aggression, as you can run into a "response". In the event of an attack, you should provide the victim with first aid and deliver it yourself to the clinic or call an ambulance.

After the bite of the dog, the hand is swollen, what should be done in this situation and how to treat the bite - a dog's attack is a situation from which no one is immune. If the limb is swollen after the attack, it hurts, this may be a sign of infection. Everyone should know what emergency measures need to be taken to protect themselves and loved ones from severe consequences, many of which can be fatal.

The severity of the clinical case depends on many factors, in particular the size of the animal and the degree of its aggressiveness. The most serious injuries are those inflicted fighting breeds- Shepherd dogs, pit bulls, bull terriers. Types of bites:

  • stabbed (superficial) - violation of the integrity of the skin, tissue rupture, extensive swelling. Such an injury is considered the easiest, with the provision of first aid to the victim, and the absence of complications, healing takes place quickly;

  • torn - ruptures of soft tissues, joints, damage to blood vessels. With such an injury, there are high risks of complications; the victim must be delivered to medical institution.

    • The most common adult bite sites are the hands, forearms, and ankles. Children have a head, face and neck. Neck injuries are the most dangerous, as the carotid artery passes there and its damage leads to profuse blood loss with a fatal outcome.

    The health status of the animal has an impact on the consequences of a bite. After being bitten by a dog, if it was infected with infections, or there were pathogenic bacteria in its saliva, there is high risk human infection.

    If, after an attack, a damaged part of the body swells in a person, this is a sign that should be consulted immediately with a doctor. Even if one finger is swollen, into the tissue of which pathogenic microorganisms have entered, this can lead to the fact that the infection spreads throughout the body, and then the likelihood lethal outcome increases significantly.

    Effects

    Bites that hit parts of the body are considered less dangerous. covered with clothes, without deep damage to soft tissues and blood vessels. Swelling in such cases is rare. The consequences are dangerous after stab bite dogs, when blood vessels are damaged, bleeding opens, a tumor forms. If there is an open wound, the likelihood of infection is very high, and in addition to providing primary care, complex treatment is required.

    Human infection is indicated by symptoms such as persistent bleeding, enlarged lymph nodes, signs of general poisoning, and seizures. neurological disorder, edema. The patient develops nausea and vomiting, and the body temperature rises. Symptoms such as swelling of soft tissues, the appearance of a rash on the skin, and a fever in the affected person are especially dangerous. If the bite site swells, this indicates infection with pathogenic bacteria.

    If there is a suspicion that an infection has gotten you urgently need to seek medical help. Many diseases transmitted through saliva that enter open wound are deadly.

    Rabies

    People who have been injured often have rabies. This is the hardest infection... The bacteria are found in the saliva of an infected animal, and if saliva gets on an open wound, the chances of a person becoming infected are close to 100%. Without urgent provision medical care when infected, a person dies.

    The intensity of the symptoms of the disease increases gradually. The first sign of the disease is painful swelling of the tissues. 1-2 weeks after infection, symptoms such as fever, swelling of soft tissues, severe headaches, general weakness, and swelling increase. There are signs of poisoning, an attack of a disorder of the central nervous system occurs, joint aches after a bite, and severe stress aggravates the condition. When infected with rabies, a person becomes aggressive, nervous and overly irritable, his appetite disappears, and insomnia appears. The swelling in the skin becomes hot and painful.

    Treatment for a dog bite is the administration of a special rabies vaccine. Additionally, complex symptomatic therapy is carried out to restore impaired body functions.

    Tetanus

    Tetanus infection can occur after a dog bites. The disease is just as dangerous as rabies. Symptoms of the development of tetanus develops gradually, the duration of the incubation period is from 1 week to a month.

    Infection with E. coli through the saliva of an infected animal is accompanied by swelling of the skin at the site of the bite, appears nagging pain, muscle cramps occur. If medical assistance is not provided on early stages, the intensity of the signs increases.

    At first, the skin swells and turns red. The swelling becomes painful. Spasms of facial and chewing muscles appear. A person cannot swallow food, the convulsions intensify. Possible consequences tetanus: muscle fiber rupture, fractures spinal column, cardiac arrest.

    How to treat a dog bite

    Emergency help with a bite is correct processing wounds and relief of swelling. It must be washed with an antiseptic, for example, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, Betadine, Chlorhexidine. You can also treat a wound or a swollen place with a solution of brilliant green. Moderate bleeding does not need to be stopped, pathogenic bacteria that have entered the wound will flow out with the blood. After the attack of the dog, what to do if the bleeding is profuse - it is necessary to put a tourniquet on the injured limb and fix it in an elevated position. After the wound has been cleaned, a sterile dressing is applied.

    If the injury is accompanied by a swelling, how to remove the swelling after a bite? To do this, superimpose cold compress... It is forbidden to bandage tightly, put cotton wool or bandage into the wound. Immediately after the bite, if a stray animal attacked, and there is a possibility that it is infected with rabies, or tetanus, it is necessary to treat the wound with a solution of water and laundry soap... After providing primary care, you should immediately contact the emergency room. Treatment after a dog bite is complex.

    In the hospital, a medical treatment of the wound is carried out, the swelling on the skin is stopped. To determine the depth of the injury, you need to do an ultrasound scan, the victim takes blood and a smear from the bite site for laboratory research... If the dog has bitten but the wound is not deep and the swelling is minor, the patient can be treated at home, which includes drug therapy and folk methods... How to treat a wound at home - lotions from a decoction of herbs and plants are used, which have a calming and antiseptic effect, relieve swelling - chamomile, St. John's wort, oak bark.

    How to treat a patient with rabies infection - an anti-rabies vaccine is administered. A total of 6 injections are given to the shoulder. When infected with E. coli, treatment is carried out with a tetanus vaccine. Immediately after the nurse has given an injection for rabies, or tetanus, immunoglobulin vaccine is given.

    If there is no infection, the symptoms are not expressed, the limb swelling is small, antibiotics are prescribed - Augmentin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxiclav, Lincomycin. Antibiotics are selected individually, depending on the type of pathogenic microflora. The duration of antibiotic therapy is 1 week.

    After a dog bite, swelling of soft tissues or the development of severe, often fatal consequences can be prevented only by immediate appeal to a medical institution. If possible, it is necessary to establish observation of the attacking animal in order to understand from its behavior whether the dog is infected with rabies. Rabies vaccine is not given when attacked domestic dog, and the owner has vaccination cards for the animal, indicating a recent vaccination.

Dog bites - serious problem requiring immediate action. The bad news is that the bites heal slowly. Please note that even a vaccinated dog can do great harm when bitten. In any case, the development of infection is possible. Today we will talk about dog bites and their treatment, we will give practical advice by their fast healing and preventing the development of infection.

Most often, dogs bite playfully., but the same can happen during bouts of aggression. Basically, children are prone to similar misfortunes, since there are dog breeds that are not compatible with babies.

First, let's figure out how to deal with all types of wounds received from bites.

At first, it is necessary to treat the wound (rinse, disinfect). Bites and treatment that should be followed immediately - main principle with such an injury. Secondly, prescribed antibiotics. Third, just in case, get vaccinated against various infections... Ideally, vaccinations should be done before the accident, because no one knows what awaits us tomorrow. For selection the required list vaccines, it is important to know whether the attacking animal has been vaccinated. Finally, if the patient is confused, use analgesics to calm him or her.

Covering the bitten area is essential for good healing. If the wound swells and hurts, use pain relievers. Keep the affected part of the body high to reduce the appearance of the tumor.

Remember: the sooner you stop the bleeding, the less opportunities there will be for bacteria to penetrate the wound!

If you do not go to the doctor in time, you can get serious infections and infections. Also, note that the effects of being bitten will be especially difficult for someone with immunodeficiency symptoms.

During medical examination necessary

  1. Know about the time of the incident and the breed of the dog;
  2. Know about how the animal behaved earlier, whether it made attacks before this incident;
  3. Know about the vaccinations given to the sick and attacked dog;
  4. Have tissue samples from the bitten site;
  5. Have the patient's blood in case of suspected infection;
  6. Conduct a study to detect mycobacteria and fungi if the wound is contaminated with soil or other particles. Such a procedure is also required for patients with immunodeficiency.

At serious symptoms, such as: fever, infection, severe edema, loss of mobility of the problem limb, the presence of immunodeficiency or serious infections - it is necessary to urgently send the patient to the hospital. Also, in some serious cases, you will be prescribed antibiotic therapy as a prophylaxis.

Bite wounds can be

  • Stabbed if the dog only pierced the skin, but did not tear it.

Treatment must begin immediately after rescuing the bitten one or no later than 8 hours after the incident. If the patient has bleeding, it is necessary to stop it by applying a pressure bandage. Next, the wound is treated with an antiseptic or antibacterial agent. After that, it is required to rinse the bitten area and carry out the treatment with betadine. The final step is gauze bandage with antibiotic ointment.

  • Torn if the attacking animal tore its skin.

This case is a very serious problem that requires immediate medical attention. The main step in treatment - suturing.

Important: healing in this case proceeds more slowly than in the previous one.

With such serious bites, you are bound to leave scars. If you have the opportunity, resort to the services of aesthetic surgery. And if your financial position leaves much to be desired, use a cream for stretch marks and similar problems. Such a remedy will reduce the appearance of the scar.

What drugs should I use?

Wash the wound with a solution of any soap and water. Such measures will help kill the rabies virus. Treat the skin around the bite with iodine or alcohol (70%). In order not to burn the naked tissues, lubricate the wound itself only with hydrogen peroxide (3%).

If you suspect an infection, you will be prescribed an appointment:

  • Amoxicillin or clavulanate until an accurate diagnosis is made.
  • Can be used in combination with if allergic to drugs of the group is manifested.

Folk remedies help you

Before the arrival of the doctor, you can apply a mixture of brandy with salt as a bandage and inside (2 tablespoons of the mixture with 5 tablespoons of hot water).

Use a bandage of honey (tablespoon) and garlic (3 to 4 crushed cloves). Additionally, honey can be combined with turmeric. Turmeric has antiseptic properties and honey is a sedative. Taking vitamin C daily until complete recovery is helpful. Garlic has a good effect on the patient (3 times a day, 3 - 4 cloves).

Combine shredded Walnut(3 pcs.), Salt and onion. Use a bandage as protection against various poisons.

Asafoetida powder applied to the wound will reduce swelling and speed up healing.

Finally, let's pay attention to following remarks:

  • To prevent attacks, regularly educate and train your faithful friend.
  • Do not leave children and dogs unattended.
  • Choose a breed that will get along well with all family members. Fighting and similar dogs pose a particular danger to others!
  • Get all the vaccinations your dogs need. Treatment of dogs is on the conscience of their owners. So you get additional protection in case of disobedience and sudden attack by your pet.

The injury caused to this animal can threaten not only health, but also human life. What to do if bitten by a dog? How to provide first aid to the victim? This is extremely important to know in order to avoid tragic consequences.

Why are dog bites dangerous?

Depending on the severity, doctors divide them into superficial and deep. With a superficial dog bite, the teeth of the animal pierce only the victim's skin, and a puncture wound is formed. With deep trauma, muscle tissue, blood vessels are affected, and a person can lose a lot of blood due to a laceration. Most often, dogs bite people on the legs and arms. Much more dangerous are wounds in the neck and head, since fractures of bones and ruptures of large vessels are possible internal bleeding with a lethal outcome.

Pathology most often manifests itself in two main variants. V best case the wound is shallow and becomes infected with pathogenic bacteria that multiply in the animal's mouth. In such a situation begins inflammatory process with suppuration of tissues. A wound infection usually develops within the first or second days after injury. When pathogenic flora enters the circulatory system, there is a risk of sepsis - infection of the whole body, but this rarely happens.

The most dangerous variant of a bite is infection of the wound with the rabies virus. People bitten by dogs are usually primarily driven by fear. You need to try to overcome it and determine whether the bitten animal is vaccinated against fatally dangerous disease... As a rule, this is not so easy. If bitten by a domestic dog, you can find out from its owner if she is vaccinated. But what if the dog bit the owner? This sometimes happens, especially when abuse with an animal. And in this case, the likelihood of rabies can never be ruled out.

The greatest risk is posed by the homeless, stray dogs especially if they huddle together. You should know characteristic symptoms mad dog that immediately catches your eye. She has:

  • saliva flows abundantly from the drooping jaw;
  • eyes squint;
  • the body twitches at times from convulsions;
  • there is a need to gnaw the ground, inedible objects.

It is important to consider which part of the body the dog has injured. Neck and head bites are the most dangerous because rabies viruses enter the brain very quickly. According to medical statistics, the disease develops in 90% of such cases and reaches its apogee in 9-10 days. With leg injuries, the disease occurs in 20-25% of cases and much later, several months after the bites.

Signs of pathology

What you need to know about symptoms after a dog bite? About development in the wound bacterial infection testify:

  • redness, swelling;
  • the appearance of pus;
  • an increase in nearby lymph nodes;
  • temperature rise;
  • malaise of moderate severity.

Quite different symptoms with the development of rabies. Once in the brain, its viruses multiply intensively and gradually cover the entire body, damaging nervous system... First of all, the salivary glands, muscles, lungs, intestines, kidneys are affected.

You need to know that rabies develops in 3 stages, and each of them has its own characteristic manifestations. For the initial period, which lasts several days, the following symptoms are typical:

  • pain in the area of ​​an already healed wound that occurs much later than the bite;
  • headache;
  • loss of appetite;
  • insomnia;
  • depressed mood, increased irritability;
  • general weakness;
  • sometimes a rise in temperature.

During the period active development pathology, which also lasts 2-3 days, there are short-term, but more frequent attacks of psychophysical arousal of the patient. They are usually provoked by the sight and noise of water, bright light, loud sounds, sharp gusts of wind. During the moments of seizures:

  • muscle cramps occur;
  • pupils dilate;
  • the face twists into a grimace of horror;
  • breathing becomes rapid, noisy;
  • saliva, foam are vigorously secreted from the mouth;
  • behavior becomes extremely aggressive;
  • delusional ideas, hallucinations appear.

After this, the disease ends with a period of apparent improvement in the condition:

  • the convulsions stop;
  • excitement is replaced by calm;
  • consciousness is clearing up;
  • due to paralysis of the respiratory center of the brain or cardiac arrest, the patient's death occurs.

First aid

What to do first of all in case of dog bites?


If the victim suspects that they have been bitten by a rabid dog, it is important to call slight bleeding... To do this, you need to strongly massage the injured area or even cut the skin so that blood flows. Only then should the wound be disinfected and bandaged.

Competent first aid for a dog bite allows you to block infection of the body and minimize its consequences. After that, the victim should be immediately taken to the trauma center. The doctor, after assessing his condition, will prescribe adequate treatment.

For lacerated wounds, surgical stitches must be applied. To eliminate the risk of sepsis, you need to inject an antibiotic (Amoxicillin, Clavulanate or Doxycycline, Metronidazole). If it is known for certain that the dog has been vaccinated against rabies, a tetanus shot is sufficient. And how to treat a dog bite at the slightest suspicion that it may be terminally ill?

Rabies vaccination

Thanks to its implementation, many human lives... When a dog is bitten, it is important to start treatment as early as possible, no later than 8 hours after receiving such an injury. If the wounds are deep or shallow, but the head, neck, fingers, hands, genitals of a person are affected, immunoglobulin injections should be done. This drug neutralizes the rabies virus. Sometimes in a day or two and even a week after its introduction, allergic reactions varying degrees of severity.

Then the traumatologist prescribes the victim a course of injections of the rabies vaccine. it effective drug, thanks to which the body forms immune defense from the deadly virus. Vaccination is not necessary only if the owner of the dog presents a certificate confirming that it is vaccinated against rabies.

The number of injections is determined based on the information about the dog that has bitten the patient. If this is an unknown stray animal, 6 injections are prescribed. The first is done immediately on the day of the victim's treatment. The rest he receives, arriving at the trauma center on the 3rd, 7th, 14th day, then after 1 and 3 months.

Vaccination is carried out according to a different scheme, when the dog that bit the person is known, not vaccinated, but outwardly healthy. She is isolated and monitored. If within 10 days he does not show signs of rabies, the victim is given only 3 injections: on the day of treatment, on the 3rd and 7th day. During the course of vaccination and six months later, you can not use alcoholic drinks, unnecessarily overwork, sunbathe and visit the bathhouse, allow hypothermia of the body.

After each injection, the victim should be kept under medical supervision about half an hour. If necessary, he is given anti-shock treatment. At the end of the course of vaccinations, the patient receives a certificate indicating the type and series of vaccines, possible post-vaccination side effects.

Such reactions, although rare, do occur. May be:

  • redness, swelling, itching at the injection site;
  • headache;
  • temperature rise;
  • a slight increase in lymph nodes;
  • malaise.

Pregnancy and childhood are not grounds for refusing vaccinations. They are required even a few months after a dog bite. Vaccinations are provided free of charge.