What you need to do to give birth to a healthy baby. Proper nutrition is the key to the healthy development of a child. Negative consequences after birth

13.04.2019

You got pregnant. Well, it seems like how one should be happy, but for some reason there are only questions in my head "Maybe it's too late?", "Can I give birth healthy child?» , and all because you are no longer a girl, and your age has exceeded the fourth decade. Do you think that child after 40 cannot be born healthy, because this period is the most dangerous for childbirth?
Throw all doubts and nonsense from your head. Begin to rejoice that you will soon become a mom, and believe that your pregnancy will pass without complications... Of course, doctors will tell you that it is dangerous to give birth at this age, and the pregnancy itself will be difficult.

If you have definitely decided for yourself that you are ready to become a mother, do not give up. By the way, after 40 their children gave birth to world stars such as Madonna, Iman, Annette Bening, Cherie Blair, Susan Saradon and Jerry Hall.

We propose to consider the most popular questions that arise among those who are going to give birth to a child after 40 years.

At what age is a woman considered a late parturient?

In the early 80s, those who gave birth to children after the age of 28 were considered "late" mothers, and in the 90s, those women who were over 35 years old were called "old-born". Nowadays, most often “late” women in labor include women over 37 years of age.

What are the chances of having a baby after 40?

With age, a woman's chances of getting pregnant steadily decrease. After 30 years, they fall by 20%, from 35 - by 45-50%, and from 40 - by about 90%. Of course, these numbers do not in any way indicate that a child over 40 is an unfulfilled dream.

You can give birth, and this was confirmed by scientists in North Carolina, who have been observing for two years for 782 pairs old age... The results showed that only 70 couples failed to conceive, leading sex life without condoms for two years... Principal Investigator David Danson believes that couples looking to have a baby after age 40 need to have patience and wait, while not forgetting about the conduct of a constant sex life. As a result, the interference of modern reproductive technology can be avoided, unless there are good reasons for this.

Why do women give birth so late?

If you compare how they lived 40-year-old women 10-30 years ago, and how they live now, you can observe a high improving the quality of life... Today, such women are in good health, can take care of themselves by visiting fitness and spa centers, besides, modern medicine is capable of working miracles. Dr. Julia Berryman believes that women over 40 are more ready for pregnancy, since they have already taken place in life, have Good work and all other benefits.

What is the percentage of mature women in labor?

V last years there is an increase in the number of women giving birth in mature age. Today, a child after 40 is born in 2% of pregnant women. Recent research indicates that out of seven pregnant women, one pregnant is over 35 years old.

Does a man's age affect pregnancy after 40?

Scientists at the University of Bristol conducted a study that showed that mature women have to wait longer for pregnancy if their partner is the same age.

So, it has been proven that a woman younger than men for 3-5 years, has less chance get pregnant after 40 than a woman whose man is her age or younger by 2-3 years. British researchers have confirmed this fact. They interviewed several women who indicated that their child after 40 was born to men who were several years younger than them.

What else can interfere with pregnancy after 40?

The following can interfere with conceiving a child:

Wrong nutrition.
Overuse coffee... Drinking more than two cups a day can reduce fertility and increase your risk of miscarriage.
Use alcohol.
Smoking after 35 years, threatens with congenital malformation of the fetus and the birth of a child with low weight.
Thinness and fullness also negatively affects the birth of children in adulthood.
Stress... How more woman nervous and worried, the less chances she has of having a baby after 40.

Do I need to seek help from doctors?

In adulthood, when she has already passed 35, a woman begins perimenopause, when it is very difficult to catch the days of ovulation... That is why it is most advisable to seek help from a doctor who will determine what can be done. Most likely it will develop special diet and prescribe taking vitamins. Some doctors advise their patients to undergo acupuncture, which has positive impact on the development of ovulation.

What effect does age have on pregnancy?

How older man becomes, that more likely development in him any diseases... As a rule, closer to 40, many women develop chronic disorders, including diabetes. In addition, it can still increase blood pressure, and the risk of malignant tumors very large. Of course, such violations negatively affect the birth of children after 40.

And even if the woman does not have any diseases, hypertension, diabetes and bleeding can occur at any time during pregnancy.

Postpartum complications increase already at 20-29 years old, but most often, and this is 20%, they appear at the age of 35-40 years. As a rule, with development modern medicine any abnormalities of pregnancy are recognized already on early dates , therefore, there is a greater chance that the child will be born healthy after 40 years.

How is childbirth in adulthood?

Often, in order to give birth after 40, women have to stimulate labor, make epidural anesthesia... Many women in labor cannot give birth on their own, so they do cesarean section .

Some studies show that much depends from the mood of the women in labor... Those who are more clearly aware of everything, more easily fulfill the requests of doctors and agree to a caesarean section.

Does the risk of having a caesarean section increase over the years?

Until such an addiction not installed. Surgical intervention has the same percentage, both at 30 and at forty.

Can the age of the mother affect the development of the child?

Chances are high that a child is born after 40 unhealthy or with developmental disabilities... There is a great risk of having a child with such a disease as Down syndrome.

According to recent studies, after 30 years, one child in 400 is born by Down, and after 40 - one in 32. In addition, late labor may end ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage and birth dead child ... So far, it has not been possible to establish the cause of stillbirth in older pregnant women, while out of 440 babies, one is born dead today.

What is the percentage of miscarriages in mature women?

Miscarriages of steel frequent occurrence our life. Compared to young women in labor, the risk of miscarriage in mature women is about 50% higher... Childbirth after 40 most often has such an outcome.

Here, by the way, obstetric and genealogical history plays a role. Will not amount special labor understand that women who have never had miscarriages have a lower risk of miscarriage at the age of 40 than those who have experienced such a pregnancy outcome at least once in their lives.

How often does premature birth occur?

A child after 40 years of age can be born prematurely, but only if the woman gives birth not the first child. Those who are expecting their first child most often give birth on time.

Does the likelihood of having twins or triplets increase with age?

The older the woman, the more likely it is that she will give birth to more than one child. But the greater chance falls on fertility. fraternal twins.

It is believed that later children are more prone to diabetes. Is it so?

Yes, the disease of late children with type I diabetes depends on how old his mother was at the time of childbirth. At 35, it is about 25%, after forty 30% or more.

For example, a woman can give birth to a child after 40, who in adolescence diabetes, while the likelihood is 3 times higher than that of children born to young mothers.

Should a pregnant woman be under intensive medical supervision?

Yes, a pregnant woman should most often go to the doctor, get tested and undergo various studies.

What is the likelihood that the doctor will prescribe surgery?

Yes, Doctors tend to be reinsured today by prescribing a cesarean section for women in labor instead of the usual delivery. But today all over the world, based on practice, doctors are trying to avoid such actions, increasingly directing women in labor to natural childbirth.

Maybe it's better to refuse to have a child?

There is a certain proportion of the risk of having a child after 40 years, but this is not a reason to give up pregnancy. After all healthy woman and at this age can give birth to a completely healthy child.

What types of tests are used to diagnose pregnancy in late mothers?

There are two types of tests used to monitor a pregnant woman. it scanning and diagnostics... Scan tests only give preliminary findings O likely availability deviations:

Study of hormonal levels in the blood... Used to identify risk chromosomal abnormalities, including Down syndrome. The time is 16-18 weeks of pregnancy.

Ultrasound procedure It is also used to detect a variety of abnormalities, including Down syndrome and various genetic disorders. A child after 40 is examined at 10-18 weeks of pregnancy.

Diagnostic tests provide more accurate and reliable information:

Chorionic test (CVS)- for research, cells of the uterus are taken, during the diagnosis of which the presence or absence of Down syndrome, as well as some other genetic disorders, is revealed. The test is carried out at 11-13 weeks of pregnancy, the accuracy of the study is 99.9%.

Amniosentesis used for research amniotic fluid, during which there is a diagnosis of muscular dystrophy, Down syndrome and many other genetic disorders. The data obtained is accurate with 99.9%. Dates - 16-19 weeks of pregnancy.

Alpha-fetoprotein- a blood test, which is carried out at 15-18 weeks. Used to detect Down syndrome and defects nervous system.

Cordosenthesis is a fetal blood test that can help detect rubella, toxoplasmosis and Down syndrome. It is carried out at the 18th week of pregnancy.

Are tests dangerous for mother and baby?

All tests do not pose a danger to the pregnant woman and her fetus, with the exception of amniosentesis, chorionic test and cordosenthesis. When taking cells of the uterus for research, there is risk of miscarriage, and this can happen in one in 100 cases. The risk of miscarriage during cordosenthesis and chorionic test is 1–2%.

Should every woman do these tests?

No, not required. Usually, every fifth woman, intending to give birth to a child after 40 years, refuses from passing such tests. This is their right, but it should be remembered that in some cases it is simply necessary to do this or that test with medical point vision.

And the truth is that mature women cope better with their children?

Research shows that "Mature" mothers are calmer, more balanced and, as a rule, spend more time with their child. Life experience accumulated over the years, makes itself felt precisely during the period of raising children. They usually are better guided in purchases... By the way, according to statistics, children of "late" mothers are more educated and are distinguished by higher academic performance at school.

Could the birth of a child be a shock for the mother?

Undoubtedly, because before that, a woman devoted her entire life to herself, and now it is necessary to be with the baby 24 hours a day. Fatigue, which is inherent in young mothers, does not leave those who have given birth to a child after 40.

It is believed that mature moms live longer

Research by scientists at the University of Manchester has shown that women who gave birth at the age of 35-40 have a greater chance of living to 80-90 years. It was not possible to establish the reasons for this, but there is an assumption that the increase in the life of the elderly is associated with delaying menopause to a later date.

They gave birth to later children

Gina Davis gave birth to a daughter, Alize Keshvar at the age of 46. Twins appeared in the family two years later.
Kim Basinger gave birth to a daughter, Ireland, at the age of 42.
Beverly D, Angelo at the age of 46, she gave birth to twins using artificial insemination.
Great Madonna gave birth to her first child, daughter Lourdes, at the age of 40, and 2 years later, her son Rocco was born. Hearing rumors that she was supposedly going to adopt a baby, the great star threatened to sue, as in fact she was accused of not being able to have any more children. Most likely, the pop diva will decide to give birth to her third child in the near future.

The birth of a baby is a happy moment, no matter how old his mother is. Future "late" mummies once again want to wish patience and Have a good mood. You will definitely be fine... So be prepared to spend all your time on little creature... Is this not a woman's happiness?

Many expectant mothers are very responsible about pregnancy and the birth of a baby. And rightly so, because the birth of a baby is always a big event. From this article, every pregnant woman can learn how to increase the chances of birth. strong baby and who can be prayed for during pregnancy to give birth to a healthy baby.

In contact with

A mother-to-be will be able to give birth to her baby healthy if generic activity will start in the period from 38 to 42 weeks. During these periods of pregnancy, the child is considered full-term in all respects and all organs and systems are fully developed. The exceptions when childbirth, which began before 38 weeks, can be attributed to those cases when a woman is expecting twins or triplets.

What are the odds?

Firstly, in order to reduce childbirth, the mother needs to take care of herself: how can you give birth to a healthy child if the mother herself is not healthy? In order to give birth to a strong baby without deviations, the expectant mother needs to act in accordance with all the doctor's prescriptions.

What do we have to do?

Proper preparation before conceiving a baby, which includes:

To give up smoking;
Not drinking alcoholic beverages;
Leading a healthy lifestyle;
Sports activities;
Delivery of all necessary tests, including a smear for cytology. The result of this analysis will show if the woman has cancer;
Consultation with doctors. Not only at the gynecologist, but also at the neurologist, ophthalmologist, cardiologist, dentist. It is best to sanitize the oral cavity of the expectant mother even before she becomes pregnant. Since, if the condition of the teeth is not very good and will, for example, complicated treatment, during which one cannot do without an X-ray;
Ultrasound - examination of the reproductive system;
A visit to a woman with her spouse is a geneticist who, during the consultation, will be able to tell future parents what the probability of having a healthy child is.

During pregnancy, the expectant mother will need to act according to the following algorithm:

Go to an appointment with a gynecologist in order to register with a antenatal clinic;
Pass required analyzes and go through a specific list of other health professionals. The consultation of doctors (neurologist, ophthalmologist, dentist and, if necessary, other specialists) a pregnant woman takes place in the first trimester.

Analyzes in mandatory the pregnant woman must take every trimester.

Complete three. These surveys will be able to provide full information about the baby and whether the child has this stage any developmental deviations;
Monitor your diet;
Do not smoke or at least a day;
Take vitamins prescribed by your doctor;
Walk more often in the fresh air.

It is also important how the childbirth will go: during childbirth, a woman needs to breathe correctly and listen to all the obstetrician's prompts, and follow them, then the chances that the child will be born without health problems increase.

How to give birth to a healthy baby in this case? Yes, people with HIV give birth to healthy children. If a woman is on initial stage diseases, then during pregnancy such an infection in the body of the expectant mother will not progress further. In the event that the illness of a pregnant woman has been developing for a long time, problems may arise, both with bearing a child and with his birth.

A small baby in the womb can get an infection from her as early as the first months of pregnancy. If such intrauterine infection the baby gets infected, then there is a high probability that small man will be born with severe vices and live very little. But this situation is rare.

Most often, a baby, like his mother, gets sick with HIV infection in the following cases:

If the mother gets sick with the immunodeficiency virus while carrying a child;
The mother-to-be turned to late for help medical specialist, and the disease passed into the last stage;
During the third stage of pregnancy;
Before the onset of labor;
At the time of its birth. Infection can occur if the baby's skin is damaged while passing through the birth canal.

It also happens that a woman with positive result HIV test can give birth to a baby healthy, although for some time after birth the baby will have maternal antibodies. And only after a couple of years, when the child's body develops its antibodies, it will be possible to find out if the baby has been infected from the mother.

In the event that the baby's mother had a difficult birth.

An expectant mother with HIV must undergo antiviral therapy during the entire period of gestation. Such therapy will significantly reduce the risk of infection of the baby, even in the first months of pregnancy.

Who should we pray to?

During pregnancy, the expectant mother can pray for the birth. healthy baby. Which icon to pray to give birth to a healthy baby:

The anamnesis has already had pregnancies that ended in miscarriage;
The woman is delivered;
For a long time it is not possible to get pregnant;
The expectant mother is having a difficult time carrying a pregnancy. In this case, prayers in front of this miraculous icon will help the Orthodox to convey pregnancy to the right time and give birth to a child who will not have any developmental pathologies.

As you can see from the above, in order to give birth to a healthy baby, the expectant mother needs to register at the time, follow all the doctor's recommendations. And without fail to convince yourself: "I bear and give birth to a healthy child." And what the chance to give birth to a healthy child often depends on the parents themselves, who must consciously approach motherhood. No amount of prayer to have a healthy baby will help if they lead a hectic lifestyle.

How to give birth to a healthy baby in the video:

In contact with

Every woman wants to give birth to an intelligent and beautiful baby... Scientists are inventing more and more new ways to help expectant mothers to achieve this goal. Some experts insist that only a fish diet guarantees the birth of an intellectual child, others advise expectant mothers to eat chocolate and egg yolk... Still others are to put on headphones on the stomach and play "lectures" in a foreign language to an unborn child.

Intellectual abilities are formed even before the birth of a person - a long-proven fact. For example, about great importance for the development of the unborn child balanced nutrition during pregnancy, whole scientific works and recent research shows that fish consumption by pregnant women promotes fetal brain development. The Chocolate Diet "Children born to women who have struggled with stress with chocolate are much more active than their peers, less susceptible to fear."

According to scientists from medical school Harvard (Boston), if the expectant mother in the second trimester of pregnancy ate fish in a large number then at the age of 6, her child was doing an excellent job on intelligence tests. It is known that the indicators of the mental development of children are inversely related to the mercury content in the mother's body. Therefore, scientists concluded: expectant mothers should only eat fish varieties with low mercury content. Large long-lived fish accumulate mercury over the years, so it is better for pregnant women to eat small fish. For example, small tuna for canned food and fatty salmon contain very little mercury.

It is interesting that the scientists themselves sometimes refute their own dietary guidelines for pregnant women. For example, most diets banned yolks, liver and meat. But, as it turned out, these very foods contain the most lecithin, one of the B vitamins. American researchers found that children born to mothers who received large amounts of lecithin during pregnancy were much smarter, more amenable to learning and had excellent memory. ...

Many scientists agree that at the pace mental development the fetus is negatively affected by stress, or rather, the usual stress before childbirth female fears and fears. Chocolate will help expectant mothers to cope with stress during this period. As scientists from the University of Helsinki have found, children born to women who fought stress with chocolate are much more active than their peers, are less susceptible to fear in unfamiliar situations and are more welcoming.

When scientists discovered that a child “sees” and “hears” even before birth, it became the norm among pregnant women to listen to Beethoven to create a “harmonious” environment for their fetus and to look at the beautiful faces on Leonardo da Vinci's canvases in order to give birth beautiful child... There was even a term - "prenatal" prenatal pedagogy... There is a specialized Prenatal University in California. Students of this educational institution are unborn babies. The training program is designed in such a way that it stimulates the development of the fetal brain.

Parents-to-be are taught to gently tap on the belly of a pregnant woman exactly in the place where they felt the push of the unborn baby. When tapping, parents should speak loudly words that encourage fetal activity. Children who graduate from Prenatal University develop much faster than others and are very close emotionally to their parents. There are other techniques. prenatal development... For example, in Russia they practice listening classical music and recording a speech in a foreign language through headphones worn on the belly of the expectant mother. True, not all experts support such innovations. Some cite evidence that attempts to teach a baby in utero have a devastating effect on the development of his nervous system and psyche.

For those parents who are just about to have a child, scientists advise to calculate the timing of his birth. According to a number of experts, intellectual children are most often born in January, February and March. Scientists made their conclusions based on experiments related to seasonal fluctuations in testosterone levels in a woman's body. The researchers believe that its level strongly affects the development of the child's brain. The chances of giving birth to a little genius in June, July and August are much lower, experts say.

Before using the drugs listed on the site, consult your doctor.

For 9 months you have been waiting for a meeting with your baby. And finally, this long-awaited day has come. But the child is in no hurry to leave his first home - his mother's belly. How to give birth faster without harming yourself and your little one? This question interests many expectant mothers.

Speeding up labor

Give birth faster than women want to various reasons... Some of them carried the child for more than the prescribed time and are worried about their own and his health, others are simply tired of their position. But, even if you suffer from swelling, back pain and big belly, interfering with normal movement, this does not mean that you can provoke the onset of labor whenever you please.

For the baby to be fully formed, at least 38 weeks of pregnancy must pass. In addition, the body of the expectant mother must be ready for childbirth.

What methods do women use to stimulate the onset of contractions?

Having sex

To this most common and pleasant way many resort. It even happens that the gynecologists themselves recommend using it. Sexual contact, of course, does not immediately cause childbirth, but thanks to it, the cervix is smoothed and softened. As a result, the period of contractions is reduced.

If a woman has an orgasm, the muscles in the uterus contract sharply. At long periods of pregnancy, this can be the impetus for the onset of labor.

A few tips:

Choose a position so that there is no pressure on the belly as well as on the chest of the pregnant woman.
Use a special lubricant for sex. Because female body during pregnancy is not tuned to "intimacy", the use of such funds will make the intimacy more comfortable.

Having sex shouldn't hurt your baby if you follow these rules.

Nipple stimulation

The hormone oxytocin is responsible for the onset of labor. Its production can be enhanced by massaging the nipples. Artificially produced oxytocin is used in gynecology to stimulate labor.

The woman herself can carry out this procedure or resort to the help of her husband. You need to knead the nipples very carefully and gently for 20-25 minutes. Smear your fingers massage oil or regular baby cream. It is allowed to repeat the massage up to four times a day.

This method will not only help speed up the onset of uterine contractions, but will also prepare the nipples for future feeding of the baby.

Physical activity

This method of speeding up labor requires special care. Pregnant women are forbidden to lift heavy objects, run, it is dangerous for both the woman and her unborn baby. Such actions contribute to the exfoliation of the placenta. While waiting for the child, you can, for example, do the cleaning in the apartment, this is also a kind of physical education.

The future woman in labor should do not too intense gymnastics, which contributes to the general support of the physical condition.

Food

There is an opinion that the use certain products helps to stimulate the birth process. And although there is no medical confirmation of this, some pregnant women still resort to this method to speed up labor.

What are these products?

Any spicy food, including traditional Japanese cuisine.
Olive oil. You need to drink it several times a day, a tablespoon before meals. The oil increases the elasticity of the perineum and cervix, which accelerates its dilatation and reduces the risk of rupture.
Tea made from raspberry leaves. Tones up the muscles of the uterus, small pelvis. You need to start drinking it after 34 weeks. Such tea drinking is widely used in American medical practice, the main thing here is not to overdo it, 1-2 cups of tea a day will be enough.
Tea made from ginger, cinnamon and clove causes the uterus to contract. You need to drink it from 39 weeks several times a day.
Primrose oil, which can be purchased over the counter. Release form - capsules. It is recommended to drink one a day. The oil from this plant contains fatty acids.
Some drink Castor oil... It causes an upset stomach, the intestinal walls are intensely contracted, thereby provoking the cervix to contractions.

Acceptance of decoctions, fees and oils from medicinal plants must be agreed with the doctor with whom you are registered. He will warn you about possible contraindications, adverse reactions and write correct dosage funds.

Other methods

You can speed up the onset of labor with a cleansing enema. In the enema process, back wall the uterus becomes irritated and begins to contract, the mucous plug quickly departs. This method is suitable for women who bring the child before the due date.

Helps some acupressure... It is necessary to warm up the point on the foot, which is between the large and forefinger, and upper part feet near the ankle.

Bathing and aromatherapy are also very enjoyable methods. But don't do too much hot water, the temperature should not exceed 37 degrees. Inhalation of rose, lavender, jasmine or clove oil vapors has a beneficial effect on the development of labor.

Do not get carried away with the use of aroma lamps if you are allergic to oil vapors.

Medical methods

When there are indications to stimulate labor, doctors resort to the following methods:

Amniotomy - opened fetal bladder, after which an intensive production of prostaglandins begins in the body. This procedure promotes reflex uterine contraction. It is painless and does not take long. You can only pierce the bladder if the cervix is ready to open. Indications for this method: polyhydramnios and weak labor.
The introduction of oxytocin or Enzaprost preparations into the vein, the required dose of which is selected individually. During this procedure, doctors constantly monitor the condition of the fetus by listening to its heartbeat.

The doctor's choice of the stimulation method is based on the examination of the pregnant woman, taking into account the indications and possible risks. Do not self-medicate and self-prescribe procedures.

In the delivery room

When contractions appear more and more often, the woman is sent to the delivery room. The task of every woman in labor at this time is to do everything possible so that the birth ends as soon as possible.

Here are some tips on how to behave during childbirth:

The most important thing is not to be afraid. The chilling feeling of fear will keep you from relaxing and focusing on generic process... It is imperative that you try to calm down and do everything in your power so that the birth ends faster.
Provide yourself with freedom of action. What does it mean? A woman very often herself, with her body, feels what she needs to take in this moment to relieve your condition during childbirth. It is worth noting that doctors do not approve of such amateur performances. Discuss this behavior with your doctor or go to give birth in private clinic, where they are more loyal to "progressive methods".

It is necessary to prepare for the birth process in advance. Sign up for a mum-to-be preparation course that teaches breathing techniques. This will help reduce pain and then correct breathing promotes the acceleration of labor.

The danger of post-term pregnancy

The gestation period for a child is 38 weeks, with a deviation of one to two weeks in both directions. After forty weeks, the baby is considered to be post-term and in mother's womb mortal danger threatens.

In addition, one can distinguish whole list complications caused by post-term pregnancy:

Oxygen starvation (hypoxia) of the fetus, since the placenta no longer provides the baby's need for oxygen.
The slowdown of biochemical processes in the umbilical cord and placenta also negatively affects the baby.
Problems arise when the baby passes through the birth canal due to hardening of the skull bones and an increase in the size of the fetus.

Plus, in such cases, women have a very weak labor activity, the amount of bleeding increases, and fetal asphyxiation (suffocation) is possible during childbirth.

Drawing conclusions

If none of the suggested methods helped you, don't worry. Nature has come up with everything in such a way that the child himself knows perfectly well when his time has come to be born and believe me, this will not depend on you. Try to switch your thoughts to something else positive and try to relax.

There are times when doctors get it wrong when setting a preliminary due date, so just wait. Well, if experts insist that you carried the child, then you need to trust them so as not to harm the baby.

VKontakte Facebook Odnoklassniki

The life and health of the unborn child depends on huge amount factors

Life is becoming more and more dangerous these days. The body is harmed by a polluted atmosphere, modified food, toxic materials, drugs with a mass side effects, constant stress... According to statistics, only 36% of newborns have no abnormalities.

How do you get into the "good" percentage of statistics?

The life and health of the unborn child depends on a huge number of factors: the quality of the sperm and egg cells, exposure to radiation, alcohol, toxins, smog, lack of oxygen, improper nutrition, the state of the female reproductive system and the body as a whole, the conflict between the fetus and the mother (for the Rh factor, etc.), trauma, stress, infections and medications.

The degree of influence of certain factors is unpredictable. Sometimes a glass of wine on the day of conception, a pill for nausea, or the flu in the first trimester can lead to fetal defects. And sometimes women give birth to healthy babies in concentration camps, in trenches, after chemotherapy, heart surgery and kidney transplants. Do not foresee everything. but future dad can minimize risks to wife and child.

According to some doctors, out of 100 fertilized eggs, only 1 "survive to give birth." About 80% of embryos die in the first 3 weeks after conception due to genetic abnormalities, about 15% stops developing in the first trimester for the same reasons. The emergence of non-viable embryos is a direct consequence Bad quality sperm and eggs. This is partially preventable.

Three months before conception, the future father needs to start healthy image life. Refuse beer (it promotes the production of the female hormone estrogen, reducing the potency and vitality of sperm), strong alcohol (increases the risk of deformities), nicotine (reduces sperm motility), potent drugs (in consultation with the doctor). Get tested for latent genital infections, HIV and hepatitis, consult a geneticist. Try to reduce weight (if necessary), walk more, at least 2-3 times a week to play sports.

Most important point preparation for conception - psychological. It's no secret that many marriages break up during the wife's pregnancy and in the first year after the birth of the baby. Therefore, the future father (and sometimes mother) simply needs to get to know the babies better - to nurse nephews, children of friends, to communicate with young parents. This will save you from unjustified expectations, will allow you to foresee the inevitable difficulties, the whims of the wife and her poor health (up to 70% of pregnant women are in the hospital at least once), prepare for the complexities of caring for a newborn.

Special attention needs to be paid family relations... Unfortunately, in many men, a pregnant woman causes biologically determined rejection. It must be protected, taken care of - and new objects for fertilization must be sought. Many husbands have similar desires, however adultery can negate all concern for the future baby - enough sexually transmitted disease, contact infection, or inappropriate persistence new girlfriend so that the wife will lose the long-awaited baby. If passions prevail, it is better to turn to a priest or psychologist than to risk the health of the future heir.

Proper nutrition pregnant - necessary condition normal development healthy baby. The expectant mother needs proteins, vegetable fats, "light" carbohydrates, a lot of iron, calcium, vitamins. But "heavy" carbohydrates, animal fats (except for fish), salt and preservatives will have to be limited. The task of the future father is to provide the pregnant woman with the most quality products and help control eating habits.

If possible, try to avoid processed foods, canned foods, freeze-dried and reconstituted foods. Top Products for a pregnant woman - farm or village vegetables, meat, poultry, eggs and milk. Every day, the expectant mother needs to eat at least one serving of milk or dairy products, at least one serving of meat or fish, one egg, at least three servings of vegetables and fruits.

Apples, pomegranates, tomatoes, carrots, apricots, buckwheat and oat groats, "Wild" rice, cottage cheese, yoghurt, acidophilus, red fish, rabbit fillets and "home" chickens. Strict adherence to fasts and a vegetarian diet without milk, eggs and fish during pregnancy are dangerous. In the second and third trimesters, at least once or twice a week, meat or chicken offal- liver, heart. The task of the future dad is to monitor the weight gain so that the big mom does not overeat, and the thin one does not suffer from exhaustion.

Sometimes pregnant women have strange food addictions - they want spicy, salty, sweet, fatty and categorically harmful. To a certain extent, these whims should be indulged - in this way the body informs about the lack of the substances it needs. However, if expectant mother attracted to fast food, dubious smoked meats or street pies, it is better to find out what she really wants and make up for the shortage with healthy and nutritious foods. If the expectant mother wants alcohol, then in the second and third trimesters, you can allow her 1 small glass of "live" beer or light natural wine at lunch. In the first trimester, with toxicosis, liver or kidney problems, alcohol is categorically contraindicated.

It is believed that a pregnant woman has a "double psyche" - the emotions of the mother are transmitted to the baby, and he is able to influence the mother. Therefore, any grief or experience of a pregnant woman will certainly affect the child. The task of the future father is to protect his wife from all worries, hardships and hardships, allowing her to focus on bearing the baby.

It is not easy for a woman "in position" - hormones affect her constantly changing mood, cause tearfulness, irritability, and increased anxiety. She worries about changes in appearance, worries if everything is in order with the baby, is jealous, envious. This is normal, especially during the first pregnancy. The future father can only reconcile himself, over and over again calming his wife, assuring her of his love.

It is very important not to forget about compliments, to see the beauty of the wife and to repeat to her how sweet and desirable she is. Do not deny marital caresses, rub your tired shoulders and swollen legs, stroke your stomach and draw funny faces on it. Kiss before leaving and upon returning, do not forget to call in the middle of the working day, from the dacha or from a business trip. Listen to the same worries for the tenth time.

If you have to send your spouse to a sanatorium, to a dacha or to a village, she should not feel like a criminal in exile, otherwise the whole healing effect of fresh air and healthy food go to waste. Visit her at least on weekends, walk with her, make her laugh, make small gifts, call her every day. If she lies “on preserving”, your visits are all the more important to her - the companions in the ward will certainly scare her, the doctors will alarm her, and worrying is harmful for her.

Try taking a parenting class, yoga, or swimming for pregnant women together. Discuss what to buy for the nursery, how to furnish it, and what to take care of. Wait for the expectant mother in the consultation, in the ultrasound office, admire how your baby looks like. This brings together and soothes, the wife begins to take pride in her caring and attentive husband.

Waiting for a baby is the happiest time in the life of many married couples. Mutual love and trust will help you have a wonderful healthy baby!