The main manifestations of uterine tone in the second trimester of pregnancy. What can an increase in uterine tone lead to? Video: why there is hypertonicity of the uterus during pregnancy

12.05.2019

A woman expecting a baby may become very frightened when she first feels unpleasant sensations. Uterine tone during pregnancy is a dangerous symptom throughout all three trimesters, the cause of which must be identified as soon as possible in order to avoid serious complications. Why such a problem arises, what is its danger, what to do to normalize the situation, how to determine the pathology - it is necessary to understand these issues.

What is uterine tone

Nature has prepared a special hollow organ for carrying a baby. The uterus, consisting of several layers, has muscle tissue that protects the growing fetus, which can contract during childbirth, helping the baby to be born. She is normally relaxed. Unfortunately, there are many reasons why dangerous cut muscle fibers.

What is uterine hypertonicity during pregnancy? This is a symptom that requires an accurate diagnosis of the causes of the pathology and immediate treatment. The appearance of danger signs means:

there is a strong compression of the muscle layer;
the pressure in the uterine cavity rises;
there is a threat to bearing a baby;
the likelihood of premature birth is high.

Expectant mothers should carefully monitor their condition during the entire period of pregnancy. It is useful for women to know why the uterus is in good shape, what are the symptoms, so that when they appear, consult a doctor. This will help avoid serious problems... Uterine activity is dangerous in all trimesters of pregnancy. In the early stages high tone maybe:

cause difficulties in the process of implantation of the ovum;
entail placental abruption, disrupting the nutrition of the fetus, causing a frozen pregnancy;
provoke a miscarriage.

No less dangerous is the uterus in good shape during pregnancy in the following periods:

In the second trimester, contraction of muscle fibers reduces blood flow in the blood vessels of the placenta, limits the supply of oxygen to the fetus, which leads to delayed development.
In the third trimester, termination of pregnancy is possible - premature birth due to early dilatation of the cervix. The baby develops hypoxia due to compression of the umbilical cord vessels.

Norms of uterine tone by duration of pregnancy

For the baby to develop properly in the womb, the uterus must be pliable and relaxed. Like any muscular organ, it has physiological contractions. What constrictions of the uterine walls are considered normal? Experts identify a tone that occurs in the early stages of pregnancy and is conditionally safe. In this case, the contraction of the uterus:

occurs no more than 6 times a day;
promotes blood circulation activation, normal development child;
may be triggered by mild physical exertion.

The following stages of pregnancy have their own characteristics:

In the second trimester, starting from week 20, painless contractions are observed, which are considered training, preparation for future childbirth, occur several times a day.
With the beginning of the third trimester, the baby helps the contractions of the uterus, which begins to actively move. By the end of the term, hypertonicity is difficult to distinguish from the onset of labor.

Signs of tone

Only a gynecologist can accurately establish the tone. When the first symptoms of a threat appear, what to exclude dangerous consequences, you need to visit a doctor. What signs of uterine tone can be observed during pregnancy? Pathology is accompanied by:

aching, constricting pains in the lower abdomen;
contractions of the muscles of the uterus;
a feeling of heaviness, discomfort;
bloody discharge;
tension, petrification of the abdomen;
soreness in the lumbar region, sacrum;
feeling of contractions.

Causes

Exists a large number of reasons for the appearance of tone. They are associated with the state of the body and external factors... There are such reasons for the tone of the uterus:

reduced amount the hormone progesterone, which relaxes smooth muscles;
severe toxicosis with vomiting causing muscle contraction;
elevated level prolactin and male sex hormones;
pathology thyroid gland;
abnormalities in the development of the uterus;
Rh-conflict of parents' blood;
infectious diseases;
pathology of the placenta;
uterine fibroids;
inflammatory processes of the reproductive organs.

Hypertonicity of the uterus during pregnancy is provoked by:

psychological problems;
constant stress;
physical exercise;
distant travel;
playing sports;
air travel;
lack of sleep;
strong gassing;
improper nutrition;
obesity;
age after 35 years;
wrong position of the fetus;
violation of intestinal motility;
stretching of the uterus during multiple pregnancies;
polyhydramnios or big size child;
sex before 12 weeks of pregnancy;
previous miscarriages;
tumors;
abortion.

Provoke increased tone may be the wrong food. There are foods that cause this condition. These include:

legumes, cabbage, provoking increased gassing;
moldy cheese containing a fungus dangerous for pregnant women;
coffee, which quickly removes fluid from the body, increasing blood pressure;
raw eggs, which can cause the development of salmonellosis - heat treatment is recommended;
black tea, which contains a lot of caffeine.

Spices cause an increase in uterine tone. Doctors recommend limiting the use of basil during pregnancy, bay leaves, fennel, cinnamon, nutmeg, cumin. The danger is posed by dishes that have not undergone prolonged heat treatment. They can become a source of infectious diseases. These include:

meat steaks with blood;
dried delicacies;
pates;
quickly cooked liver;
sushi;
Salo.

Diagnostics

The first unpleasant symptoms should be determined by the pregnant woman herself and consult a doctor. With great accuracy, increased tone is detected during examination by a gynecologist. Diagnostics include:

external control, registration of complaints;
palpation of the abdomen while lying on the back;
Ultrasound, revealing thickening of smooth muscle tissue, tone of the anterior or posterior wall, depending on the place of fetal attachment;
tonusometry using special sensors.

How to determine the tone of the uterus during pregnancy on your own

A woman should be able to diagnose uterine tone herself. This will help the timely identification of the causes of the pathology and the appointment of treatment in order to moderate it. It is important to distinguish between symptoms that signal a problem. You can find out if there is muscle tone at home. To do this, you need to lie on your back, relax, gently feel the stomach, check the condition of the muscles. In this situation:

a feeling of softness indicates a lack of tone and cause for concern;
a firm, elastic abdomen is characterized by increased muscle contraction, requiring the intervention of a doctor.

What to do

How should a woman behave, what to do if there are dangerous symptoms? Gynecologists recommend adherence to the regimen to relax the muscles, taking medications that will reduce the tone. To avoid the threat of miscarriage, pregnant women need:

relieving stress;
complete cessation of sexual activity;
exception physical activity;
security bed rest;
aromatherapy that promotes relaxation;
using warm baths and showers;
acupuncture;
treatment of Rh-conflict;
normalization of nutrition;
psychotherapy sessions.

Drug treatment

When uterine tone appears, it is necessary to solve two important tasks - to relieve unpleasant symptoms and to act on the causes of their occurrence. Doctors prescribe magnesium preparations with vitamin B6, which relax the uterine walls. Recommend to take:

motherwort tincture, valerian, soothing, helping to relieve stress;
Utrozhestan, Duphaston - progesterone preparations for hormone deficiency in early pregnancy.

To reduce the uterine tone, relieve spasms, remove dangerous symptoms, antispasmodics are prescribed - Nosh-pa tablets, as well as drugs:

Genipral - relaxes muscles, not recommended in the early stages;
Nozepam is a sedative medicine that has a sedative effect;
Curantil - improves placental circulation;
Riboxin - activates metabolic processes;
Piracetam - increases resistance nerve cells in the fetus to oxygen deficiency;
Dicinon - stops bloody issues.

Candles

Very quickly lead to increased uterine tone in normal condition rectal suppositories help. Suppositories are introduced into the rectum, left until resorption. The active substance enters the bloodstream, reduces the excitation of the walls of the uterus. Doctors prescribe:

Viburkol - has an antispasmodic, analgesic effect;
Papaverine - relaxes the smooth uterine muscles, expands blood flow, lowers tension;
Indomethacin - is used with the threat of termination of pregnancy, but only from 16 to 32 weeks.

Exercises

You can cope with increased uterine tone at home if you do simple exercises. This will help relax tense muscles. It is recommended to make a complex:

Get on all fours, bend your back, raise your head, return to the starting position. Repeat several times, then lie down for at least an hour.
Sitting on a chair, lower your head, relax the muscles of the neck and face, breathe through your mouth.
Stand on all fours for a few minutes so that the stomach is in a suspended position. Breathe calmly.

How to avoid uterine tone during pregnancy

Prevention of hypertension helps to avoid the appearance of unpleasant symptoms. Uncomplicated activities contribute to normal flow pregnancy without pathologies. A woman needs:

avoid stress;
start eating right;
do not drink alcohol;
observe the daily routine;
ensure adequate sleep;
avoid physical overload;
worry less;
no smoking;
visit a gynecologist regularly.

Video

sovets.net

Uterine tone during pregnancy: symptoms in the 2nd trimester, causes and signs, how to determine

Birth healthy baby can be called one of the most important and happiest events in the life of every woman. At the same time, the expectant mother wants to endure her miracle without any complications and pathologies.

But almost no one manages to go through this responsible path without such a condition as increased uterine tone and the associated difficulties and dangers. At the beginning of the period, this condition is very dangerous, as it can lead to miscarriage. The same result can be given by the tone of the uterus in the second trimester, but there are already many subtleties here.

If this condition repeats often or exists constantly, the expectant mother is usually sent to the hospital so that doctors can constantly monitor the changes and take the necessary measures in time. If you ask a doctor what uterine tone is, most doctors will answer that this is only a consequence of a situation or event that should be eliminated in order to protect the life of the baby.

Symptoms and causes of increased uterine tone

WITH a similar diagnosis most pregnant women encounter repeatedly throughout the entire period, but in different periods the condition can have various signs and characteristics. In medicine, uterine tone is called a condition when the body of the uterus begins to involuntarily contract, and its walls are strained to a very dense state, which can provoke a miscarriage (by initial date) or early childbirth(v last trimester).

The main symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy in the 2nd trimester are considered to be:

It is necessary to inform the doctor about the appearance of any of these symptoms, since the tone of the uterus in the second trimester can be very dangerous and threaten the life of the baby. But during pregnancy in the 2nd trimester, it is important to consider and exact date, a certain week of the period, since there is a time of the most high risk.

There are many reasons that can cause a sudden or frequent increase in tone; doctors divide them into: physiological and psychosomatic. The physiological group of factors includes:

The group of psychosomatic factors includes:

Very often, both groups of reasons are present at the same time, but in a different combination. Many women believe that the most important thing during the period of carrying a baby is to give up alcohol and avoid cigarette smoke, but they do not consider it necessary to walk daily, optimize their regime so that the body receives good rest, monitor nutrition, and avoid all kinds of conflicts. Compliance with these simple rules helps to avoid an undesirable increase in uterine tone and many complications associated with it.

To the table of contents

Features of the 2nd trimester

As a rule, at 14, 15 and 16 weeks, uterine tone can have different severity and general symptoms, and to normalize the condition, doctors prescribe a variety of hormonal drugs, since the most common cause of the condition is a failure hormonal background... But by the end of the 16th week, when the deadline turns into seventeen weeks, the situation begins to change.

Intrauterine development at 17 weeks pregnant

During this period, the placenta is actively formed and the baby begins to increase in size very quickly, which, with inadequate loads, severe fatigue or frequent stress, can often lead to tension of the uterine walls. The tone of the uterus at 17 weeks of gestation, when a woman enters a period of increased risk, is very dangerous, but hormonal drugs will no longer help here.

At this time, the walls of the uterus can very often come under strong tension, resisting the fast-growing fetus. In addition, the enlarging uterus forces the entire inner space of the abdomen to change, while not only does it exert strong pressure on various organs, but they also press on its walls, causing additional stress.

Back pain, which in the first third of the term indicated an increase in tone, during this period is the result of a strong load on vertebral column... It is this period (from 17 to 22 weeks) that obstetricians consider especially dangerous in terms of the threat of interruption. Therefore, it is from this period that pregnant women are recommended to wear a special bandage, which will not only relieve excessive stress from the spine, but also support the uterus in correct position, which avoids overvoltage of its walls.

The tone of the uterus at the 20th week of pregnancy is already less critical if it does not go into a permanent state of hypertonicity, and it is for this reason that one should be extremely careful, as well as follow medical prescriptions and recommendations. During this period, the baby begins to move more and more actively, which additionally creates tension in the uterine walls and increases the tone of the organ.

The tone of the uterus at 21 weeks begins to periodically increase, but it is important to be able to distinguish between preparatory contractions and birth contractions.

Training contractions, as a rule, take a very short period of time, they can occur spontaneously, without specific intervals. They are not regular and painless.

At the end of the second third of the term, false contractions do not cause much discomfort, do not provoke the appearance vaginal discharge and do not lead to the beginning of the disclosure of the uterine cervix. If the walls of the organ are in constant tension, this requires medical care, in most cases, stationary, as well as constant medical supervision.

Review of our reader - Victoria Mirnova

It is very important to remember that before starting therapy to eliminate uterine tone, you should accurately establish the causes of this situation and, if possible, protect the future mother from them.

If the doctor diagnosed high tone, he will write the pregnant woman a referral to the hospital for special treatment and preservation of the current pregnancy. Very often you can face the fact that women themselves do not want to stay in the hospital and insist on the usual home (outpatient) conduct of the required therapy, upon receiving sick leave at work.

But, being at home, a woman cannot just lie down, rest and try to relax, the majority (so to speak, "taking advantage of the moment" and having free time) begin to actively engage in all household chores, for example, washing curtains, clothes, ironing mountains of linen standing general cleaning, make repairs, cook, go shopping, carrying shopping bags.

Considering at the same time that taking the prescribed medications is quite enough for treatment, and completely forgetting that such "therapy" will not only be ineffective, but also very dangerous, first of all, for the developing baby inside.

It is important to remember and be sure to understand that a high uterine tone when carrying crumbs is very dangerous, therefore it is necessary not only to fulfill all the doctor's prescriptions, but also to change your usual way of life, putting aside all affairs and worries, and focusing only on health, both your own and growing child. And if hospitalization, according to the doctor, is necessary, then there is no need to refuse.

In a hospital, a woman is prescribed individual treatment with special means, when selecting which the doctor must take into account the symptoms of the existing problem, general state health, various features organism. Most often, some sedatives, antispasmodics, and drugs to relax the uterine muscles, for example, Ginipral, can be prescribed.

If a woman is admitted to the hospital with hypertonicity at the 17th week, she may be prescribed drugs such as Dyufaston or Utrozhestan, suppositories with Papaverine and No-shpa tablets, as well as Magnesia by drip.

If a pregnant woman has a period of 21 weeks or more upon admission to the hospital, then the doctor will definitely prescribe monitoring of the fetal heartbeat, blood pressure and blood glucose levels. Of the drugs, Ginipral, Brikanil or Partusisten is most often used. These funds have high rates efficiency, but at the same time they can cause a lot of side effects.

nervousness, disturbed sleep and appetite ...
frequent headaches ...
bad breath, plaque on the teeth and tongue ...
change in body weight ...
diarrhea, constipation and stomach pain ...
exacerbation of chronic diseases ...

ginekologii.ru

What to do if uterine hypertonicity is diagnosed?

Hypertonia - uterine contractions that occur earlier than the expected date of birth. This often happens in the early stages. The tone of the uterus during pregnancy can be felt by a woman and determined by ultrasound. If treatment is not started on time, there is a significant risk of losing the child.

Symptoms

How does hypertonia manifest? A pregnant woman should be alerted following signs uterine tone during pregnancy:

severe pain in the lower abdomen;
bloody vaginal discharge;
hard "stone" belly;
heaviness in the lower abdomen;
dizziness and nausea.

If a pregnant woman independently discovered at least one of the symptoms, you should consult a gynecologist and prescribe treatment. Excessive muscle tension at the beginning of the pathological process is detected only when examined by a doctor, and most often by ultrasound.

Diagnostics

Palpation

The doctor determines the increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy after taking an anamnesis. For diagnosis, the gynecologist will palpate. In long periods of pregnancy, this is done through the anterior abdominal wall. The woman lies on her back with bent legs. This position eliminates the stress in abdominal wall, so the gynecologist feels the seal.

Ultrasound examination

Additional examination- Ultrasound - helps to assess the thickening of the muscle layer and the condition of the cervix. Based on the results of the examination, a conclusion is made on what stress means, and whether there is a threat of miscarriage.

The phenomenon of tone during pregnancy is noted locally (in some areas) or on the entire inner surface of the uterus. Distinguish between reduction on the front and back wall organ. A pregnant woman feels independently if the entire uterus is tense. With hypertonicity along the back wall, the woman feels pulling pains.

On ultrasound, a local tone is established, which cannot be determined in the usual way. If the wall to which the placenta is attached is tense, there is a danger of its detachment. It is diagnosed by a doctor for ultrasound examination... If there is an increased tension in the back wall and pain syndrome in the organ, additionally measure the length of the cervix and assess its condition.

With the threat of premature birth (can be established by ultrasound), fetal biometrics are performed and the blood flow in the vessels is examined. If there is an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy, hospitalization is required.

Tonusometry

The tension in the uterus is recorded by special sensors. This method is rarely used. Palpation and ultrasound are used more often.

Etiology

The reasons that affect the tension of the wall of the uterus are different. They are divided into two categories - physiological and psychosomatic.

The causes of hypertonicity are:

numerous abortions;
large fruit size;
a certain number of pregnancies;
multiple pregnancy;
infantile (baby) uterus;
polyhydramnios;
endocrine diseases;
infections;
a certain age of the pregnant woman;
physical activity;
bad habits;
improper nutrition;
complications during pregnancy;
short sleep duration;
a certain occupation.

Cardiovascular, chronic diseases kidneys, liver, hypertonic disease- all this leads to tension in the organ. The tone of the uterus in the third trimester is the cause of premature birth. Malignant formations in the organ lead to hypertension.

Increased tension in the uterus is often the result of psychological problems... When a woman experiences fear, she has symptoms of hypertension. Excessive stress is a consequence of certain mental states... Pregnancy brings many life changes and a woman should be supported at home. If the family constant scandals and quarrels - this is the cause of tension throughout the body. This is why a woman's anxiety and stress cause the tone of the uterus.

The tension in the muscular organ is observed due to the lack of progesterone, which supports early pregnancy. Underdevelopment of the uterus and its mucous membrane occurs due to a lack of estrogen. If the level of male sex hormones is higher than normal, the uterus is toned.

Violations in thyroid gland can cause hypertonia. Viral infections and the genital tract provoke tension in the muscle organ. Uterine tone in early pregnancy can lead to miscarriage. When the first symptoms appear, you should take the measures listed below.

First aid

If there is tension in the uterus, you can take an antispasmodic on your own and go to bed. It is advisable to consult a gynecologist on the same day.

If there is hypertonicity along the back wall of the uterus, a woman should:

relax the muscles of the face and the whole body;
refuse any work;
get on all fours and do an exercise that will help relieve tension. Slowly bend in the back, raising your head, and return to its original position.

Treatment

If the tone of the uterus is observed in the early stages of pregnancy, the woman is shown rest. The following treatment comes to the rescue:

vegetable sedatives- valerian, motherwort;
Magne B6;
vitamin therapy;
antispasmodics - "No-shpa", "Baralgin", "Papaverin", "Drotaverin";
treatment through psychotherapy.

Hormonal treatment must be justified. Prescribe drugs based on progesterone - "Duphaston" or "Utrozhestan". The minimum doses of drugs are selected, taking into account the gestational age. If a woman has profuse bleeding, she is hospitalized.

Treatment consists of a set of measures that eliminate the causes of the threat of pregnancy. Therapy may include:

"Progesterone". Intramuscularly, 1 ml is injected for no more than 10 days.
Intramuscularly - "Oxyprogesterone" 1 time per week.
Within 5-7 days - "Folliculin".
1 ml for 6-10 days carotene subcutaneously.
Shown "Tocopherol acetate" - intramuscularly 1 ml.
Inject 3-5 ml of nicotinic acid intravenously.
Papaverine is injected subcutaneously.

If uterine tone is observed in the second trimester, diathermy is recommended. At infectious diseases you need to eliminate the root cause.

In the second trimester, short-term hypertonicity is physiological process... Often a woman cannot independently determine whether her condition threatens the fetus. If a pathology is suspected, the doctor will prescribe treatment. Drugs will help relieve muscle tension:

antispasmodics;
sulphate magnesia;
Partusisten, Ginipral, Salbupart, Bricanil, Albuterol;
Atosiban, Hexoprenaline;
magnesium sulfate;
Nifedipine, Finoptin, Verapamil are potassium antagonists.

What causes uterine tone in the third trimester? Braxton Hicks training contractions are considered normal occurrence... This means that the uterus is preparing for childbirth.

Prophylaxis

In order to relieve excessive tension in the muscular organ, a number of rules should be observed:

Heavy physical labor and sports are contraindicated.
You cannot lift weights.
Breathe in fresh air, but without the exhausting walks.
Sleep at least 8 hours.
Limit your sex life.
Eat well.
Try to avoid long journeys and crowded transport.
You should definitely give up bad habits.
Try to avoid stressful situations.

As a prophylaxis of possible hypertonicity, even before pregnancy, a woman should be examined for infections in the pelvic organs. This is why you should consult your gynecologist. All tests must be done.

In order to get rid of threatening symptoms, a woman needs to relax. A soothing tea with honey made from lemon balm, mint, motherwort and valerian will help with this. You should also not neglect healthy and good sleep... Relieve stress will help essential oils chamomile, mint, jasmine, lotus.

Emotions

What means emotional condition in the life of a pregnant woman? In the early stages, a woman experiences mood swings and is unstable. Psychological stress arises, which means that it also manifests itself at the physiological level. What can you do to reduce it?

Communication with loved ones, good rest and creativity helps a woman to relieve unnecessary anxiety. In the middle of pregnancy, a sense of integrity and harmony comes to women. Many people feel comfortable in the second and third trimester. It is dangerous for a pregnant woman to be nervous, as this can manifest itself and lead to hypertension.

Effects

Tension in a muscle organ - dangerous pathology... It occurs at any time, but attention is paid to pregnancy up to 14 weeks. If uterine tone occurs in the second trimester, fetal development may suffer. One of the consequences of contractions of a muscle organ in the period from 12th to 20th week is late miscarriage... If the uterus is too tense, the development of the embryo may stop. What can cause placental abruption? Due to the same stress, which results in fetal hypoxia.

If placental abruption has begun and uterine tone is noted in the third trimester, delivery is indicated. The doctor determines the condition of the woman, and, if necessary, perform an emergency operation. At the same time, they do cesarean section to prevent fetal death.

On later dates carrying a child may also show certain symptoms that do not yet mean hypertension. A thorough medical examination is necessary. Medicines to relieve muscle tension are not prescribed after 35 weeks of pregnancy. With all threatening symptoms the pregnant woman is hospitalized.

iberemennost.ru

Increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy: symptoms in the 2nd trimester

The second third of pregnancy has come, the toxicological phenomena have almost disappeared, an appetite has appeared, and the tummy has already noticeably increased in size. Mom-to-be feeling inside the stirring of a new life, he sensitively listens to the processes taking place. Everything seems to be fine, but doctors are concerned about the tone of the uterus in the second trimester. How is hypertonicity manifested and how is it dangerous?

The main manifestations of uterine hypertonia

The appearance of an increased uterine tone in the second trimester of pregnancy, a woman can feel as:

Small contractions in the uterus. Sometimes they are caused too rapid growth child. If they are rare and weak, then they do not pose a threat to bearing.
Drawing pains arising in the lower abdomen and radiating to the lower back or sacrum.
Severity and discomfort in lumbar back.
Firm belly this is felt by the pregnant woman herself, putting her hand on the navel area.

Hypertonicity of the myometrium (uterine muscles) can occur in the anterior or posterior wall of the uterus. The place of its occurrence can be judged by the characteristic symptoms. If a pregnant woman complains about:

Discomfort and irritation in the perineum and pulling pain in the pubic region, then, most likely, the tone of the anterior wall is increased. If a woman observes such sensations in herself for a long time, then bloody discharge can be added to the discomfort in the lower abdomen - scarce or rather intense.
Severity or slight pain in the lumbar spine that gets worse during physical activity, can become the only symptoms of posterior hypertonicity. The increased tone of the posterior wall, not detected in time, causes serious consequences for the baby, disrupting the correct course of pregnancy.

About half of expectant mothers (if not more) complain about the tone of the uterus in the second trimester of pregnancy. The very only phrase in women is alarming. Is there any reason for concern?

What is uterine tone

The tone of the uterus (or rather it is called hypertonicity) is a condition characterized by contractions of the uterus. But this does not mean that the feeling of a petrified abdomen should make the expectant mother panic. By the way, in the West, there is no talk about the tone of the uterus - temporary, short-lived states of rejection of the abdomen are considered the norm.

And at the same time, this fact should not be ignored, especially if:

The abdomen hardens very often, and this condition is quite long-term;

The hardening of the abdomen is also complemented by pains, aching, pulling or just sharp;

Not a single change in body position goes without tone.

Such indicators can be very serious, be sure to inform your doctor about them in order to establish the cause of hypertension.

What else must be told to the doctor

Hypertonia, no matter how tragic, can provoke premature birth. It is not worth bringing the pregnancy to such an end, so the following factors should be the reason for the immediate, unscheduled appeal to the doctor:

Pain in the lower abdomen, prolonged, not associated with exertion and stress

A feeling of tightness in the uterus

Petrification of the abdomen (often and long-term)

Bloody vaginal discharge

Possible causes of hypertonia

Pay attention to the tests for TORCH infection. Toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus often lead to uterine tone, it is simply dangerous to ignore the presence of these infections in the body - they are a serious threat to a successful pregnancy.

Physical activity is very common reason hypertension. If you still have not switched to the so-called easy labor, it's time to do it (if you are, of course, entitled to it). Even this kind of work, which we usually call "all day on my feet" for a mother-to-be can be very dangerous.

You should not lift weights, it is better to send your husband or other relatives to the store for groceries, because it is harder to understand something than 2 kg expectant mother just impermissible. Do not ignore this rule, who knows how the same "I am just a little bit" will affect your pregnancy.

If hypertonicity occurs after intercourse, it is possible intimate life will have to be postponed. Tone after orgasm is the norm, but long-term and frequent is far from harmless. Do not risk in vain.

Is there a tonus prevention?

Protect yourself completely from possible violations it is impossible, but every mother can influence the maintenance of a successful pregnancy as much as possible. In order not to be bothered by the tone of the uterus, follow these simple recommendations:

1. Leisurely walks in the fresh air. The simplest and most useful thing you can do for yourself and the baby growing in you. Choose your favorite route, you can take a small bottle of water and a couple of bananas with you and go for a walk. And while walking, imagine a happy time that is not far off, the baby already in the womb feels that he is expected and loved.

2. Get enough sleep. Not a single job, not a single seemingly urgent matter is worth your health, especially now. A good, healthy, full sleep in a cool room is a guarantee of vigor and great well-being of the expectant mother. Ideally, you go to bed and wake up at the same time. This is the best vaccine against third trimester insomnia.

3. No stress. It is contraindicated for you to be nervous. It's time to learn to separate the wheat from the chaff and not worry about trifles. Imagine that you are shielded from all the troubles of the world by a special, magical shell that protects the peace of the expectant mother and the baby-babe. Now, first of all, you owe him - small and defenseless, and you can, after all, be philosophical about everything else.

In a word, do not rush anywhere, get enough sleep and walk more - this is really incredibly important during pregnancy.

In order to understand what this state is, let's first understand what this organ is. The uterus is a muscular organ, hollow inside and capable of contracting, its basis is the myometrium. During pregnancy, it increases in size, stretches. At the same time, each muscle fiber of the organ lengthens 10-12 times and thickens 4-5 times.

Nature made sure that during pregnancy, during all 9 months of bearing a child, the muscles of the uterus were relaxed, calm state... This is what allows you to carry your baby, despite the growing size and pressure. Also the uterus is normal at times shrinks slightly... this happens as you approach the expected date of birth. Such abbreviations are called training fights... They are like a dress rehearsal for the main event - the birth of a baby.

However, it happens that long before childbirth or during a long period of pregnancy (sometimes during the entire period of gestation), the muscles of the uterus are in an excited state and periodically contract. At the same time, the muscle layer contracts (the tone of the uterus increases) - the pressure in its cavity increases. Unfortunately, this condition is pathological, and requires timely and appropriate treatment, as it is the main symptom of the threat of miscarriage in early pregnancy or the onset of premature birth.

Symptoms and signs of increased uterine tone

Most often, an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy occurs in its early stages. Uterine contractions that appear before the term of labor are called increased uterine tone during pregnancy. The main signs of this condition: pulling, aching pains in the lower abdomen, sometimes cramping spasms (similar sensations are experienced by women during menstruation), are also possible pain in the lower back. It often happens that all these signs of an increased uterine tone are not familiar to a woman, and an ultrasound scan shows an increased tone. There are a lot of reasons that can cause the tone of the uterus in the early stages of pregnancy, from banal excitement to the underdevelopment of the genitals of a pregnant woman.

The female uterus is able to respond to both physical stretching (it grows all 9 months with the fetus), and to nerve impulses, including such as joy, fear or excitement. Any of the reasons can cause pain in the lower abdomen, and the signs of a threatening condition cannot be ignored in any case. Your reaction to such painful sensations is to immediately consult a doctor. The specialist will find out the reasons for the increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy, and will prescribe a course of treatment appropriate for the condition.

In the case when bloody discharge appears from the vagina, call an ambulance immediately. Such discharge - alarm signal the body, reporting that a miscarriage or premature birth is possible. Also, urgent medical attention is required when a woman has cramping in the early stages of pregnancy or long before the expected date of birth. different pains occurring at intervals of several minutes.

In such cases, the woman should go to the hospital to maintain the pregnancy, under constant medical supervision and in a state of absolute rest until the situation stabilizes or childbirth occurs.

What sensations does a woman experience with an increased tone of the uterus?

The main sensations with an increased tone of the uterus in a pregnant woman are:

1.unpleasant constricting or It's a dull pain lower abdomen (pain with increased tone can be both strong and barely noticeable); often pains are similar to those that are characteristic of a woman during menstruation;
2. tension of the abdomen (feeling of hardness, stoniness of the abdomen);
3. often - pain or discomfort in the lumbar region and sacrum.

All these sensations are signs of increased uterine tone that threatens the normal course of pregnancy. We repeat: if the pains become cramping and periodic, or spotting appears, call an ambulance urgently!

How dangerous is hypertonicity of the uterus, is it possible not to consult a doctor?

Unfortunately, the consequences of not applying for medical help or at least the advice of a doctor can be serious. Increased tone can cause spontaneous interruption pregnancy at any of its stages. If this happens in the first trimester, in the early stages of pregnancy, they talk about miscarriage, if in the later stages - about premature birth.

In addition to miscarriage, this condition threatens the risk of pregnancy fading. After all, the circulatory system of the uterus provides the fetus growing under the heart with oxygen and the necessary nutrients... Their supply with an increased tone of the uterus is disrupted or periodically stops altogether, threatening fetal hypoxia.

Of course, mild pulling pains in the lower abdomen and in the lower back are typical during pregnancy in the norm, due to the stretching of the body of the uterus. With a great impressionability of a pregnant woman, they can be confused with hypertonicity, but even so, the woman's excitement in this regard can provoke actual hypertonicity... And even if it is not so significant as to result in such sad consequences described above, then this is not the most the best way may affect the health of the baby. The fact is that with a frequent increased tone of the uterus, albeit weak, the blood supply to the fetus is disrupted, which provokes oxygen starvation.

Causes of increased uterine tone during pregnancy

In medical practice, there are two groups of reasons that can provoke an increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy:

1. somatic causes - their occurrence is explained by physiological and biological problems in the body of a pregnant woman;
2.the reasons, of a psychosomatic nature - they are due psychological factors(excitement, stress, etc.). Under the influence of such a reason, there is an effect on the nervous system of the pregnant woman and at the same time on the individual organs that respond to stimuli - this is how all kinds of complications arise during pregnancy. Similar reasons can cause increased uterine tone in the third trimester.

As a rule, overexcitation contributes to the occurrence of uterine tone, nervous stress, fears or overexertion of muscle fibers due to excessive physical exertion.

Why and who needs it, is it safe? And which is better "Duphaston" or "Utrozhestan"? "> Decreased production of progesterone, in particular. In the second trimester, increased uterine tone is usually the result of an improper lifestyle or overload at work. In addition, the occurrence of increased uterine tone may be a consequence of inflammatory diseases and structural changes (endometriosis, uterine fibroids). The causes of hypertonicity can lie in the overstretching of the muscles of the uterus, characteristic of multiple pregnancies, with polyhydramnios or gestation large fruit... The reasons for the increased tone of the uterus are also the result of a pregnant woman's acute respiratory infections or another disease (sore throat, flu, pyelonephritis), previous abortions, bad habits (smoking, alcohol, etc.). The occurrence of an increased uterine tone in the third trimester of pregnancy often leads to premature birth and the birth of a premature baby.

Treatment of increased uterine tone

It is necessary to inform your obstetrician-gynecologist as soon as possible about the occurrence of this condition. The doctor will tell you what to do to reduce the risk of complications, and, if necessary, prescribe drug treatment increased uterine tone in early pregnancy or later.

Fortunately, this condition responds well to treatment. The very first thing that the doctor will require is the normalization of the psychoemotional state and the provision of a calm regime for the pregnant woman. Now it is more important for a woman than ever to establish a normal regime of rest and work, good sleep, adequate nutrition, feasible locomotor activity, regular stay in the fresh air. Treatment of increased uterine tone often requires bed rest and complete abolition of sexual activity.

If necessary, the pregnant woman is hospitalized and treated in a hospital. Drug treatment of hypertonicity can also be used. To provide psychological calm and stress relief, they may be prescribed sedatives(tincture of valerian and motherwort). If medications are not effective, prescribe Nosepam, Sibazol, Trioxazine and other sedatives approved for use by pregnant women.

To relax the muscles of the uterus, antispasmodics are prescribed (No-shpa, Papaverine). Magne-B6 can also be prescribed.

When the reasons for the increase in tone are a lack of progesterone, hormonal drugs are used, such as Duphaston and Utrozhestan... Such treatment of increased uterine tone is prescribed only in the early stages of pregnancy (up to 16 weeks).

To stop bloody discharge, hemostatic medications are prescribed (sodium etamzilate, Ditsinon).

When diagnosing an increase in uterine tone in the late stages, in the third trimester of pregnancy, treatment with a dropper is prescribed. Intravenous administration of a 25% solution of magnesium sulfate and 10% alcohol relieves an acute situation.

In addition to the above treatment, a fortified diet, psychotherapy, physiotherapy and acupuncture are used.

In case of sudden onset of spasms, manifested very strongly, the pain can be relieved by taking 2 No-Shpy tablets or by putting a candle with Papaverine. In this case, the next step should be urgent appeal to the obstetrician-gynecologist. Even if the pains have passed, this incident cannot be ignored and a visit to antenatal clinic to the doctor in charge of your pregnancy.

Remember: the health and life of your unborn child directly depends on how you behave.

A little more about the treatment of increased uterine tone in early pregnancy:

Often, this symptom of the threat of termination of pregnancy remains unnoticed by the expectant mother, which leads to more serious consequences.

Have you ever played sports? Lifting weights? Clench your hand into a fist that is strong. Look at the muscles of the arm: they have increased, began to be clearly contoured, thickened - they have come to tone. Just as the activation of skeletal muscles occurs, the muscles of the uterus (myometrium) also tone up. The only difference is that the processes of tension-relaxation of the muscles of the arms, legs, back are subject to your desires, since their work is controlled by the central nervous system... With the uterus, things are more complicated, nothing depends on your will.

Uterus in good shape: symptoms

What symptoms can tell us about tone of the uterus? This is primarily a pulling, monotonous, prolonged pain in the lower abdomen, without clear localization. “Somewhere below, like during menstruation,” patients often say. The pain can be given to the lumbar region, sacrum, perineum. In the second and third trimesters, putting her hands on her stomach, the expectant mother independently determines a dense uterus with clear contours. Often, bleeding from the genital tract may appear. It is important to remember that any light discharge- beige, brown, pink, streaked with blood, scarlet, abundant, smearing - are regarded as blood. They are dangerous during pregnancy and require immediate treatment to the doctor.

Diagnostics: hypertonicity of the uterus

A woman's uterus is a hollow muscular organ located in the middle of the pelvic cavity. Like any smooth muscle tissue, the myometrium has inherent properties - excitability, tone, stretching, plasticity and elasticity. Normally, the uterus should be relaxed during pregnancy. It is in this case that favorable conditions are created for the attachment of the ovum, the formation of the placenta. In the uterus, the growth and development of the fetus occurs, extrafetal structures are formed - the placenta, amniotic fluid, umbilical cord, shell.

For a number of reasons, the myometrium can become toned - the muscle thickens, becomes dense. During the examination of a woman on a chair in the first trimester of pregnancy, an obstetrician-gynecologist very clearly defines an increased tone with his hands. The thickening of the wall of the uterus is seen during the examination and the doctor conducting ultrasound diagnostics... In this case, in the conclusion, he usually designates the problem with the following terms: "the tone of the myometrium is increased" or "the hypertonicity of the myometrium."

The consequences of hypertonia

Every expectant mother should understand that, no matter how the tone is determined - at the appointment when examined by an obstetrician-gynecologist, by herself or during an ultrasound examination, this is the threat of termination of pregnancy. The tone of the uterus requires close attention of both the woman and the doctor leading the pregnancy.

The tone of the myometrium in the first trimester leads to detachment of the ovum, chorion (this is the name of the future placenta) and, as a result, it happens spontaneous miscarriage... Often, abortion does not occur, but due to the large area of detachment, pregnancy freezes, stops in its development due to malnutrition and oxygen delivery. At the same time, often a woman is not worried about bleeding, only periodic pulling pains in the lower abdomen appear. And with screening ultrasound examination at 11-13 weeks, it turns out that the pregnancy is not developing, frozen at a period of 6-7 weeks, a large retrochorial hematoma is visualized (accumulation of blood when the ovum is detached from the chorion, the precursor of the placenta).

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, the tone of the myometrium rarely leads to placental abruption, only if it is abnormally located (low placentation) or if the placenta overlaps the area of the internal pharynx.

But there is another danger. The uterus compresses the fetal bladder with the baby and amniotic fluid, of which there are already a lot after 20 weeks (600-1500 ml at term). The pressure on the lower segment, the internal pharynx, increases. Fetal bladder under the influence of the tone, it begins to work like a wedge, the cervix opens and premature birth occurs. It happens that amniotic fluid leaves with a preserved cervix. But the result is one - termination of pregnancy.

Causes of hypertonia

There are many reasons for the appearance of uterine tone during pregnancy. Rarely can one single out, more often they are combined: stress, lack of sleep, hard physical labor, hours of work, sports, air travel, long distance travel, sex life up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, colds. An important role bad habits play - smoking, alcoholism, but there are other factors leading to an increased tone of the uterus.

Infections... First of all, these are sexually transmitted infections: chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, viruses, etc. They cause inflammation of the pelvic organs, including the uterus. The synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines is enhanced - these are biologically active substances that provide an inflammatory response in the body and adversely affect the course of pregnancy and fetal development. These include interleukins, interferon, which increase the tone of the myometrium. In addition, in this case, the likelihood of intrauterine infection of the baby is high.

Hormonal disbalance... Lack of progesterone is an equally rare cause of increased myometrial tone. Progesterone is especially important in the first trimester of pregnancy. It relaxes the myometrium, promotes normal processes implantation and formation of the placenta. In the first trimester, this hormone is synthesized corpus luteum ovary, with its insufficient function of progesterone, little is produced, and pregnancy proceeds against the background of hypertonicity of the uterus, which leads to the threat of termination of pregnancy. By 16 weeks, the placenta takes over the synthesis of hormones, and the risk of miscarriage decreases.

In addition to progesterone deficiency, there are a number of hormonal disorders, due to which pregnancy proceeds with the threat of termination: hyperandrogenism (increased levels of male sex hormones), hyperprolactinemia (increased levels of the hormone prolactin in the blood), thyroid pathology - hyper- or hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis.

At-risk groups... After surgical interventions in the uterus (abortion, diagnostic manipulations), childbirth, complicated by an inflammatory process, adhesions can form - intrauterine synechiae. In such cases, pregnancy proceeds against the background of an increased tone of the uterus, with the threat of termination, with bleeding.

Endometriosis, fibroids(especially such an arrangement of the tumor, when it protrudes into the uterine cavity, deforming it) - all these are the circumstances accompanying an increase in the tone of the myometrium during pregnancy.
In women with disorders in the hemostasis system (a complex of body reactions aimed at preventing and stopping bleeding), with changes in the parameters of the coagulating or anticoagulant blood systems, the presence of antibodies to cell phospholipids, pregnancy proceeds with an increased tone of the uterus, starting from the shortest terms.

Multiple pregnancy, pregnancy, complicated by polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, often passes against the background of uterine tone and is complicated by premature birth.

In patients with chronic diseases, with severe somatic pathology (for example, bronchial asthma, diabetes), who have had colds, viral diseases during the current pregnancy, very often there is a tone of the uterus.

How to treat uterine hypertonicity

The tone, of course, needs to be removed, the uterus needs to be relaxed, otherwise this condition may result in spontaneous miscarriage.

If the expectant mother is not included in any of the risk groups, everything is in order with her health, this is the first pregnancy, which came without any problems and proceeded safely until the present moment, there was no bleeding from the genital tract during the entire period of gestation, but with In this case, the woman is worried about minor pulling pains in the lower abdomen and, according to the doctor, the tone of the uterus is increased or the uterus is excitable on palpation - outpatient treatment can be carried out, but with the obligatory observance of bed rest. Therefore, it is important to remember that there can be no talk of any kind of work, even routine, around the house!

In this case, antispasmodics are prescribed (NO-SHPA in tablets, CANDLES WITH PAPAVERIN), vitamins, MAGNE B6, sedatives (VALERIANA, DESERT), possibly the appointment of gestagenic drugs - DUFASTON, UTROZHESTAN. Dosages and treatment regimens are prescribed individually for each patient by a doctor.

If the expectant mother at home or at work feels characteristic pulling pains in the lower abdomen, and there is no way to contact the attending doctor, you need to drink NO-SHPU at a dosage of 0.04–0.08 g, you can enter rectally a CANDLE WITH PAPAVERIN and take 2 VALERIANA tablets ...

If the expectant mother is at risk, bleeding has appeared,
various pains in the lower abdomen - immediate hospitalization is required. Inpatient treatment will depend on the duration of the pregnancy and the clinical picture.

In the 1st trimester, intramuscular injections of PAPAVERIN, NO-SHPA, PROGESTERONE, vitamins, sedatives (sedatives), UTROZHESTAN or DUFASTON are usually prescribed. These medicines have a different mechanism of action, but the result of their reception is the same - relaxation of the uterine muscles. When bleeding it is necessary to prescribe hemostatic (hemostatic) drugs - SODIUM ETHAMSILATE, DICINON, TRANEXAM.

After 16 weeks, the arsenal of drugs for reducing the tone of the uterus expands, and, at the same time, there is no need to use hormonal drugs. At this time, they usually begin to be gradually canceled, in the absence of indications for a longer admission.

Additionally, physiotherapy can be prescribed to help relax the uterine muscles. These methods include:

Endonasal galvanization - application with therapeutic purpose continuous direct current of low strength and low voltage, supplied to the body by contact through electrodes.

Electrophoresis with magnesia is the effect on the body of a direct current and particles of a medicinal substance, magnesia sulfate, introduced through the skin or mucous membranes.

Electroanalgesia - pain relief using weak electrical discharges through the skin, which block the conduction of pain impulses to the brain.

Electro-relaxation of the uterus - the effect on the neuromuscular apparatus of the uterus with an alternating sinusoidal current to suppress the contractile activity of this organ. If there is a threat of termination of pregnancy from 15-16 weeks, electro relaxation is a preferable method over other methods of therapy for the threat of termination, since there is no side effect of medications, and the effect occurs already during the procedure.

Electro-relaxation of the uterus can be used to provide emergency with the threat of termination of pregnancy.

In the 2nd and 3rd trimester, intravenous drip administration of GINIPRAL, SULFUR MAGNESIUM is possible.

Also shown are injections of antispasmodics - PAPAVERIN, NO-SHPA. The recommended drugs are calcium channel blockers (NIFEDIPIN, CORINFAR). These drugs block calcium channels in the myometrium, calcium is not transported, the muscle cannot contract and relaxes.
To enhance the antispasmodic effect, add tablet forms of drugs that reduce the tone of the uterus - GINIPRAL, NO-SHPU in tablets, as well as CANDLES WITH PAPAVERIN.

Be sure to include vitamins in the treatment regimen: in injectable form - intravenously, in tablet form in order to improve metabolic processes, normalize the activity of the central nervous system.

Sedatives are also prescribed in tablet form or in the form of tinctures. It is necessary to use drugs that improve uteroplacental blood circulation (KURANTIL, PENTOXIFILLIN, Euphillin, Trental), drugs that improve metabolic processes (ACTOVEGIN, COCARBOXYLASE, RIBOXIN, OROTATE POTASSIUM, PANTOPENATE CALCIUM antipyretic drugs) to a lack of oxygen - INSTENON, PIRACETS), hepatoprotectors (substances that improve liver function - HOPHITOL, ESSENTIALE).

The increased tone of the muscles of the uterus is not a reason for emotions, but for more careful attitude to yourself. Therefore, if the doctor diagnosed the expectant mother with uterine hypertonicity, she needs not to get upset, but just pay a little more attention to herself and her condition and listen to the advice of the attending physician.

Symptoms

How does hypertonia manifest? A pregnant woman should be alerted to the following signs of uterine tone during pregnancy:

severe pain in the lower abdomen;
bloody vaginal discharge;
hard "stone" belly;
heaviness in the lower abdomen;
dizziness and nausea.

Diagnostics

Palpation

The doctor determines the increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy after taking an anamnesis. For diagnosis, the gynecologist will palpate. In long periods of pregnancy, this is done through the anterior abdominal wall. The woman lies on her back with bent legs. This position relieves tension in the abdominal wall, so the gynecologist feels a seal.

Ultrasound examination

Additional examination - ultrasound - helps to assess the thickening of the muscle layer and the condition of the cervix. Based on the results of the examination, a conclusion is made on what stress means, and whether there is a threat of miscarriage.

The phenomenon of tone during pregnancy is noted locally (in some areas) or on the entire inner surface of the uterus. There are contractions on the anterior and posterior walls of the organ. A pregnant woman feels independently if the entire uterus is tense. With hypertonicity along the back wall, the woman feels pulling pains.

On ultrasound, a local tone is established, which cannot be determined in the usual way. If the wall to which the placenta is attached is tense, there is a danger of its detachment. This is diagnosed by a doctor on an ultrasound examination. If there is increased tension in the posterior wall and pain in the organ is noted, the length of the cervix is additionally measured and its condition is assessed.

Tonusometry

The tension in the uterus is recorded by special sensors. This method is rarely used. Palpation and ultrasound are used more often.

Etiology

The reasons that affect the tension of the wall of the uterus are different. They are divided into two categories - physiological and psychosomatic.

The causes of hypertonicity are:

numerous abortions;
large fruit size;
a certain number of pregnancies;
multiple pregnancy;
infantile (baby) uterus;
polyhydramnios;
endocrine diseases;
infections;
a certain age of the pregnant woman;
physical activity;
bad habits;
improper nutrition;
complications during pregnancy;
short sleep duration;
a certain occupation.

Cardiovascular, chronic diseases of the kidneys, liver, hypertension - all this leads to stress in the organ. The tone of the uterus in the third trimester is the cause of premature birth. Malignant formations in the organ lead to hypertension.

Increased tension in the uterus is often the result of psychological problems. When a woman experiences fear, she has symptoms of hypertension. Excessive stress is a consequence of certain mental states. Pregnancy brings many life changes and a woman should be supported at home. If there are constant scandals and quarrels in the family, this is the cause of tension in the whole body. This is why a woman's anxiety and stress cause the tone of the uterus.

Disorders in the thyroid gland can cause hypertonicity. Viral infections and the genital tract provoke tension in the muscular organ. Uterine tone in early pregnancy can lead to miscarriage. When the first symptoms appear, you should take the measures listed below.

First aid

If there is tension in the uterus, you can take an antispasmodic on your own and go to bed. It is advisable to consult a gynecologist on the same day.

If there is hypertonicity along the back wall of the uterus, a woman should:

relax the muscles of the face and the whole body;
refuse any work;
get on all fours and do an exercise that will help relieve tension. Slowly bend in the back, raising your head, and return to its original position.

Treatment

If the tone of the uterus is observed in the early stages of pregnancy, the woman is shown rest. The following treatment comes to the rescue:

herbal sedatives - valerian, motherwort;
Magne B6;
vitamin therapy;
antispasmodics - "No-shpa", "Baralgin", "Papaverin", "Drotaverin";
treatment through psychotherapy.

Hormone treatment must be justified. Prescribe drugs based on progesterone - "Duphaston" or "Utrozhestan". The minimum doses of drugs are selected, taking into account the gestational age. If a woman has profuse bleeding, she is hospitalized.

Treatment consists of a set of measures that eliminate the causes of the threat of pregnancy. Therapy may include:

"Progesterone". Intramuscularly, 1 ml is injected for no more than 10 days.
Intramuscularly - "Oxyprogesterone" 1 time per week.
Within 5-7 days - "Folliculin".
1 ml for 6-10 days carotene subcutaneously.
Shown "Tocopherol acetate" - intramuscularly 1 ml.
Inject 3-5 ml of nicotinic acid intravenously.
Papaverine is injected subcutaneously.

If uterine tone is observed in the second trimester, diathermy is recommended. In case of infectious diseases, it is necessary to eliminate the underlying cause.

In the second trimester, short-term hypertonicity is a physiological process. Often a woman cannot independently determine whether her condition threatens the fetus. If a pathology is suspected, the doctor will prescribe treatment. Drugs will help relieve muscle tension:

antispasmodics;
sulphate magnesia;
Partusisten, Ginipral, Salbupart, Bricanil, Albuterol;
Atosiban, Hexoprenaline;
magnesium sulfate;
Nifedipine, Finoptin, Verapamil are potassium antagonists.

What causes uterine tone in the third trimester? Braxton Hicks training contractions are considered normal. This means that the uterus is preparing for childbirth.

Prophylaxis

In order to relieve excessive tension in the muscular organ, a number of rules should be observed:

Heavy physical labor and sports are contraindicated.
You cannot lift weights.
Breathe in fresh air, but without the exhausting walks.
Sleep at least 8 hours.
Limit your sex life.
Eat well.
Try to avoid long journeys and crowded transport.
You should definitely give up bad habits.
Try to avoid stressful situations.

In order to get rid of threatening symptoms, a woman needs to relax. A soothing tea with honey made from lemon balm, mint, motherwort and valerian will help with this. You should also not neglect a healthy and proper sleep. Essential oils of chamomile, mint, jasmine, lotus will help relieve stress.

Emotions

What does the emotional state mean in the life of a pregnant woman? In the early stages, a woman experiences mood swings and is unstable. Psychological stress arises, which means that it also manifests itself at the physiological level. What can you do to reduce it?

Effects

Tension in a muscle organ is a dangerous pathology. It occurs at any time, but attention is paid to pregnancy up to 14 weeks. If uterine tone occurs in the second trimester, fetal development may suffer. One of the consequences of contractions of a muscular organ during the period from 12 to 20 weeks is late miscarriage. If the uterus is too tense, the development of the embryo may stop. What can cause placental abruption? Due to the same stress, which results in fetal hypoxia.

In the later stages of bearing a child, certain symptoms may also appear that do not yet mean hypertonicity. A thorough medical examination is necessary. Medicines to relieve muscle tension are not prescribed after 35 weeks of pregnancy. With all the threatening symptoms, the pregnant woman is hospitalized.