Baby 1 month what you need to know. Games for the development of the baby. A game for the development of a child's vision

26.04.2019

#A newborn baby is an amazing creature. Weak and helpless, he is able to endure stress that would overwhelm an adult with relative ease. Is it a joke - to suddenly find yourself in a completely unfamiliar external environment, and even if necessary, instantly switch to new way respiration, circulation, and then nutrition!

The newborn is very small, but in this small fragile body has a strong potential for growth. His digestive organs are able to absorb 600-700 g of mother's milk per day, but this is a fifth of his body weight!

A newborn comes into the world with a sufficient supply of expedient reflexes. As soon as you touch his lips with your finger, he will stretch them out with his proboscis, preparing to suck. Drop some sweet solution on the child's tongue, and he will begin to draw it in, smack his lips, and in response to sour, salty or bitter, he will wrinkle, scream, try to clear his throat. A loud sudden sound will make him alert - the child will wrinkle his forehead, as if listening, get worried. The baby distinguishes smells and recognizes his mother by the smell of milk, associated for him with pleasant sensations.

But the most amazing thing is that the newborn is already an individual, already a character!

Perhaps, to begin with, one should learn the truth that a child is not an adult in miniature, but has its own very specific characteristics that must be taken into account. Each age has its own characteristics.

You can evaluate yourself mental development your child. For example, check for the presence of basic reflexes:

- "plantar" reflex - you run your finger along the sole, and the child pulls the leg back,

- "sucking" reflex - you run your finger over the child's lips, and he readily folds his lips with a tube and smacks his lips, makes sucking movements,

- "grasping" reflex - you put the tip of your finger in the child's hand, and he squeezes it tightly.

If the listed (quite funny) reflexes are present, your child is normal.

Remember that the character of a child is formed from the first days of his life - in communication with you. The formation of character begins with conditioned reflexes: positive and negative. The concern of parents is that there should be more positive conditioned reflexes, and naturally fewer negative ones. Positive conditioned reflexes occur on regular meals, regular hygiene procedures, communication, affection. In everything that concerns the child, order, regime should be felt. The child must feel cared for.

But if you are inconsistent, irritable, and sometimes even angry (after all, it happens that you don’t want to get up at night to swaddle a child, and even if you, dad, go to work early in the morning), then the child will develop a nervous character - and this will interfere him (and not only him) all his life.

In the very first days, as you arrived home from the hospital, you and your child will definitely be visited nurse and local pediatrician. Feel free to ask them any questions you may have regarding your child and their care.

In the first year of life, it does not hurt to control weight gain on your own using a table in which the abscissa axis is the weight of the child in grams, and the ordinate axis is months or weeks of life. Normally, the curved line that you get on this table should be smooth - without jumps up or down. If for several days the line is kept at the same level, do not worry. When a child is healthy, when he has a good appetite, he will gain desired weight.

Pediatricians determine the individual due weight of the child, resorting to all sorts of wise formulas and calculations. It is enough for parents to know that their child in the first three months of life with normal development should gain from 20 to 30 grams of weight daily.

Don't overfeed your kids. fat baby- does not mean beautiful. Increased weight- not a guarantee against diseases.

As a rule, young mothers and fathers at first are afraid to even take a newborn in their arms. And this is no coincidence. They don't know how to properly take a baby. He is so fragile and delicate, small.

You can not lift the child by the hands.

You can not hold the child so that his head is thrown back. The child's head must be supported.

It is not difficult to learn how to hold a child correctly: the child practically lies on your left hand, and the head is held by the elbow; with your right hand you support the legs.

In other words: it is necessary that the baby's body has three places of support - the back of the head, at the level of the shoulder blades and at the level of the pelvis.

From the very first days, you do not need to nurse a child - you should not, without special need, take him in your arms, rock him, lull him to sleep. The child quickly gets used to such treatment and can no longer live without it, demands it, is capricious. And if the mother, otherwise busy, cannot nurse him again, the child goes into all serious trouble - raises a cry. Like it or not, you have to give in.

No need to panic at the first cry of a child. Come and find out the reason for crying.

There are not many reasons for the crying of a newborn and a child in the first months of life:

The child "went" into diapers,

The child feels discomfort (for example, the seams of the undershirt are pressed),

The child is hungry or thirsty.

In the first case, the child must be swaddled. In the second case - review his clothes ( experienced moms they know, of course, that undershirts are worn inside out - with the seams outward, so that they do not rub or press on the delicate skin of the child). Well, in the third case - you just need to look at the clock, if it's time to feed your baby. Understand. Maybe your child is just thirsty. Give him boiled water from a teaspoon or sweet tea.

Due to the fact that the baby is still too weak and his neck muscles are not developed, head movements are limited; in less ventilated places - on the back of the head, on the neck - sweat sometimes appears. If it is not removed in a timely manner, irritation may occur in specified places- in the form of small dotted red rashes. This is the so-called sweatshirt.

If you continue to ignore it, then irritation under the influence of new sweat may increase. When an infection joins, even pustules occur. And this is a serious complication. To prevent it, remove sweat from time to time with a napkin.

If you are monitoring a child's weight on a chart, then remember that the weight curve should rise slowly and smoothly. By the end of the first month of life, the baby should weigh about four kilograms. But don't worry if it weighs three and a half kilograms. must be taken into account and individual characteristics.

The same goes for growth. A normal full-term baby has an average length of fifty centimeters. In the first few months of life, the child grows by five centimeters. But if you find out that someone's child is bigger, don't worry.

Do not forget to pay attention to the condition of the navel in the child. In some children - especially restless ones who "love" to scream - the navel protrudes somewhat when screaming. Sometimes the navel forms, when crying or coughing, a rather significant bulge, sometimes reaching a size walnut and more. This umbilical hernia which arises from weakness abdominal wall.

If you notice such a hernia, consult your local pediatrician immediately. There are cases - you have to do an operation, but most often the hernia is eliminated by itself, when the child gains weight in a few months and when it develops more adipose tissue.

Never forget that the skin of children is very delicate, and the child himself is still weak in order to successfully withstand some adverse external factors. It is impossible to lightly leave the child to lie on the wet for a long time - in wet diapers; from this, diaper rash may appear on the baby's body. Appear diaper rash in the form of redness of the skin. The skin is inflamed, very sensitive, painful. The child is naturally restless, crying. If appropriate measures are not taken, blisters may form at the site of redness. The blisters then burst, and the picture emerges from an unpleasant one.

How to prevent mischief:

Strive to swaddle the baby on time;

Pay attention to the quality of washing diapers (there may be uric acid residues in the fabric, which, even with dry diapers, can irritate delicate skin).

If your child has a tendency to diaper rash, when changing it, wipe it with a clean, damp cloth - wipe the wet places, and treat the diaper rash areas with a greasy baby cream.

One of the features of the first month is scabs on the scalp. Scabs occur with an excess of secretions from the skin glands. The discharge dries up, and then it is not easy to remove them. Scabies have yellowish color, sometimes translucent, sometimes scaly, and flaky.

In no case should you clean the child's head of these scabs too actively, since this can injure the skin and introduce an infection. Even the smallest infection is fraught with danger to the child - he is still so weak. Scabs are removed with a cotton swab with sterilized vegetable oil after bathing the child.

Do not leave the child to lie in one position for a long time. He is still small and cannot turn around on his own. From lying down for a long time without changing position, the child's muscles get tired, and the child begins to worry. In addition, prolonged lying in one position, especially in the first months of life, adversely affects the formation of the child's head. For example, if a child constantly lies on his back, then over time his head may be with a slightly sloping nape. This is due to the fact that the "fontanelles" - the growth zone - are still open on the child's head, the skull is plastic.

Hearing of a newborn baby in the first month of life

Some young parents from the first day, as soon as they bring the child from the hospital, walk around the apartment on tiptoe, afraid to disturb the newborn. Perhaps this is redundant. In the first few days after birth - about a week - the child still does not hear very well. The auditory nerve develops completely during the entire first year of life. Accordingly, the baby's hearing develops gradually.

From the first day of life, pay attention to your baby's hearing. It has been established with certainty that the child still in the womb hears sounds - muffled, of course - the sounds of music, voices. By the way, the child already distinguishes the mother's voice from others: this voice is heard louder to him; the child perceives it not only with the organ of hearing, but also with the body - the so-called tissue conduction (do you know how Beethoven listened to music when he became completely deaf? He listened to music with his body - hugging the piano). When the baby is born and brought to you for the first time, he already recognizes your voice. This voice is his own. Talk to him more often. And remember: from the first days, a child already distinguishes intonations well, he will distinguish an affectionate tone from a strict one.

As for the development of hearing (not only physiological, but also musical), try to have your child, on the recommendation of some authors, "bath in sound." Of course, these "baths" should be carried out when the child is awake. In the first month of life, your baby sleeps almost all the time, but now he has grown a little, and more and more often the time for communication comes. Talk to the baby, develop his hearing; let music sound in your house at such moments - quiet calm music, something from the classics, with an easily guessed melodic pattern.

The vision of a newborn baby at first

month of life

The eyes, as a complex optical device, are also not yet fully developed in a newborn. It has been established, and you yourself will notice that in the first days the child cannot yet fix his gaze. Soon the baby will already be able to cope with this matter, but for some time he will not be able to readjust to close and distant objects. He seems to see at the same distance. And this distance is 25-30 cm. Hence the recommendations ...

If you want to show something to your baby - a bright toy, for example - hold it in front of him at a distance of 25-30 cm. ), come closer to the child at a distance of 25-30 cm.

When a child sees your face, let him see affectionate smile. In this case, he feels protected, and his mood will be better. The kid understands everything. “Understanding” is provided by instincts. They are like an “autopilot” for him in a sea of emotions and sensations.

Touch of a newborn in the first month of life

From the first days of life, a child discovering the world should involve all the senses. We have already spoken about auditory and visual impressions. The organs of smell and taste in a child are also quite developed and "work" - this has been established experimentally. Now about the sense of touch... When a child is awake, he needs to feel his body, to feel touches on his body. This is important for the correct formation of the organs of perception, and for the subsequent correct orientation in space. If the child does not sleep, mess with him more. He likes it, it's good for him.

Swaddling a newborn

Not for the first year, pediatricians and orthopedists have been telling parents that it is impossible to swaddle a child tightly, with outstretched legs, as if at attention. IN Lately this appeal has become especially relevant, because children are more likely to have dysplasia - underdevelopment of the hip joint. The defect itself is small, outwardly completely invisible, but if it progresses, a dislocation of the hip joint may occur. And this will require long-term treatment, in advanced cases even surgical.

It is very simple to create conditions so that dysplasia does not progress: the so-called wide swaddling will help. The position with slightly spread hips is natural, physiological for the child, it creates favorable conditions for proper development hip joints.

For swaddling various panties have been invented, but it is quite possible to get by with an ordinary flannel diaper, folding it several times along and laying it between the legs of the child, under the diaper. Or, even simpler: using as a diaper not a small diaper, as usual, but a large one.

Traditionally, a child of the first months was swaddled "with handles", but it is more correct to leave the handles free, sewing up the ends of the sleeves of the vest. And put on a cap or scarf only after bathing.

Breastfeeding a newborn

Is it necessary to prove that breastfeeding is the best? It was out of competition when it could only be replaced cow's milk, it remains unrivaled even now, when a lot of powdered milk mixtures made using advanced technologies have appeared. In these mixtures, the chemical composition is reproduced with great accuracy. women's milk, they are enriched with vitamins and other useful supplements. This is a fairly complete food for a child. But it's just food. And mother's milk is more than food. It has something that is not and cannot be in artificial mixtures: biologically active substances, hormones, antibodies that protect against diseases. Recently, studies have been carried out showing that mother's milk antibodies appear against the pathogen that caused the baby's illness.

But, moreover, breastfeeding has a huge psychological significance for both: mother and child are one here. After cutting the umbilical cord, a lively warm stream of milk that flows from mother to child binds them again, helping to mutual understanding.

Although sucking reflex is dominant and is still being formed in utero, not all children immediately take the breast well. Difficulties may arise if the mother's nipples are flat, not prominent enough. Such nipples are supposed to be prepared for feeding even during pregnancy, several times a day, carefully pulling them out with your fingers. The same must be done before each feeding, and starting to feed, medium and index fingers slightly squeeze the chest at the edge of the areola ( areola) - the nipple will move forward and it will be easier to put it in the baby's mouth. It is necessary to invest not only the nipple, but also the areola - so the baby will swallow less air, and this is the prevention of regurgitation. The mother's breast may also be too tight for your baby. You can help by expressing the first drops of milk. Sometimes it becomes uncomfortable for a child to suckle simply because the mother does not know to lift her chest with her hand, and she closes her nose, making it difficult to breathe. It happens that the mother hugs the baby too tightly to herself, and this makes him reflexively throw his head back.

Pediatricians have long noted that among babies, actively sucking and lazy ones stand out clearly. The active one, having made several search movements with his head, finds the nipple himself, sucks rhythmically, without interruption, and having “obtained” what he is supposed to, releases the nipple himself and falls asleep. The lazy one (this is more often weakened, and not just phlegmatic), after sucking for several minutes, begins to doze at the chest, occasionally making sluggish and unproductive sucking movements in a dream. This one has to be encouraged to eat, to stir up, wake up, patting on the cheek, sometimes even undress for a minute, so that he finally wakes up and begins to eat.

A great connoisseur of all the intricacies of feeding, Professor A.F. Tour also singled out a group of children who seem to be afraid of the breast - they will suck a little and lean back with a grimace, almost expressing disgust. Perhaps this is a gourmet who does not like the smell of milk that appeared after mom ate onions, garlic or some kind of spicy greens. It’s better not to eat anything so “smelly” at first, but to try later, little by little, checking the reaction of the child. Refuse from such clearly allergenic foods as citrus fruits, chocolate, strawberries.

Normally, feeding lasts 15-20 minutes, but in the first days, while the details of this procedure are being worked out, it can take up to half an hour.

The ideal rhythm of feeding is six times a day, every three and a half hours with a mandatory night break. However, a child born with a low body weight (below three kilograms) is desirable to feed seven times with three-hour breaks, and maybe more often. You can meet him halfway and feed him at night, in general, feed not clockwise, but according to need.

A child born with a body weight of more than four kilograms is a candidate for fat men, do not overfeed this. As a rule, babies do not suck more than they need from the chest, but large children sometimes initially have increased appetite. If such an assumption arises, control weighing before and after feeding to determine how much he sucks. And if it turns out that more than 120-130 g, then additional feedings should not be allowed.

After feeding, hold the baby upright for a few minutes so that he burps air - this will reduce the likelihood of spitting up. And after that, be sure to put it on the barrel, because if he still burps, then in the position on his back he can choke.

First weeks breastfeeding- time of concessions, compromises, mutual adaptation. Feeding can turn out to be somewhat chaotic, but by the end of the month, a rhythm close to the generally accepted one should nevertheless form, and with a correction made by the characteristics of the child.

What is natural and what is disturbing

If an abscess appears on the body, which looks like a bubble filled with a yellowish liquid, with a red rim, and, even more so, if there are several such abscesses, this may be the beginning of a purulent-inflammatory disease. Call a doctor, and quickly!

In medicine, there is the concept of "entrance gate of infection." In a newborn, an umbilical wound is often made with such a “gate”. If, after the crust has fallen off, its bottom remains wet, oozing, a doctor or nurse should take care of the navel. Before they arrive, you can only drop a little 3% hydrogen peroxide into the wound, and when it foams, dry it with a clean, sterile cotton wick.

Sudden sudden changes in a child's behavior can be alarming if, for example, he, who always sucked willingly, suddenly stubbornly refuses to eat. Or, previously relatively calm, he begins to cry incessantly, even screaming, not calming down either after being swaddled, or from warmth, or in his arms, or with a pacifier, or after eating. And if he also does not eat - even more so! Of course, this can happen with a healthy child, but it's better not to take risks, not to speculate, but to consult a doctor. This is the rule forever!

What should a newborn be able to do by the end of the first month of life?

By the end of 1 month of life, a newborn:

Startles and blinks at a sharp sound.

For example, from 9-11 days old, the child already distinguishes sounds, reacting with crying to sharp, loud ones, but does not yet listen to them. He begins to listen between 3 and 5 weeks of age. The kid calms down with a strong sound (auditory concentration reaction) for 10-15 seconds, listens to the voice of an adult, the sound of a toy.

Keeps an immovable object in the field of view, i.e. capable of visual focus.

By 20-22 days, uncoordinated movements of the eyeballs disappear. Visual concentration occurs for 15-30 days, the delay in looking at something else is short-term. The baby fixes with his gaze for 5-10 seconds a motionless object located in his field of vision at a distance of 40-50 centimeters. General movements are still inhibited. The kid is still far-sighted, and you should not fix his gaze on objects located closer than half a meter, otherwise he will squint with his eyes in order to examine an object or toy.

In the supine position, raises and holds the head for 5-20 seconds.

For example, already on the 8th - 10th day, the child tries to raise his head if he is placed on his tummy, and at the age of two weeks he turns it towards the sound source.

During this period, the first smile appears in response to the addressed speech.

A smile is a call for mutual understanding, an invitation to communication, an expression of positive emotions!

The baby can make separate sounds in response to a conversation, sometimes the reaction is still delayed by a few seconds.

For example, some babies, as early as a few hours after birth, can imitate if someone sticks out their tongue or opens their mouth. At the very beginning, the child cries or screams, then begins to make throat sounds, which are less and less by the month. In the second month, the baby will begin to make sounds reminiscent of “a”, “kh”, “ah”, etc. When the baby is sleeping, you can often hear soft snore or even “snoring”.

The movements are not yet coordinated.

For example, on the first day of life healthy newborn register more than 170, and on the 10th day of life more than 550 individual and general movements per minute! Of course, we are talking about immature, uncoordinated movements that are the result of excitation of the immature centers of the brain. But all these movements are very important for the development of the child!

Baby at 1 month

Height and weight of a child at 1 month

During the first month of life, the child adds an average of about 600 g of weight and 3 cm of height, in the second month you can already expect a larger increase - about 800 g or more, the child will again grow by about 3 cm. Average height a child aged 1 month - 54-55 cm.

The norms of physical development are described in more detail in the centile tables: for boys, for girls.

What can a baby in 1 month

The first month of your baby's life has flown by - the most painful and terrible. Now the baby is already 1 month old, and he enters the second month with a smile. There was a smile before, but that smile was involuntary - the child reacted to sensations that were comfortable for him. At 4-5 weeks, the baby begins to smile “for real” - reacting to your sweet words.

By this time, the baby can usually hold the head upright for a short time. It can hold your face or a bright toy in the field of view for a long time, it turns towards the sound source. The first cooing appears, facial expressions become more expressive.

How much does a 1 month old baby eat

The baby is now actively growing, so the body needs more and more nutrition. By the end of the month, the need for milk can be estimated at 750-800 grams per day (110-150 grams per feeding).

How much does a baby sleep at 1 month

At the age of 1-2 months, the child sleeps 17-19 hours a day, of which night sleep is about 8h 30m, and daytime sleep can be divided into 3-4 times

Mode, daily routine of a child at 1 month

This is how the daily routine of a baby aged 1 to 2 months may look like:

Time Schedule

6:00 1st feeding

6:00 - 7:00 Waking

7:00 - 9:30 Sleep

9:30 2nd feeding

9:30 - 11:00 Waking

11:00 - 13:00 Sleep

13:00 3rd feeding

13:00 - 14:00 Waking

14:00 - 16:30 Sleep

16:30 4th feeding

16:30 - 17:30 Wakefulness

17:30 - 19:30 Sleep

19:30 - 20:30 Waking

20:00 5th feeding

20:00 - 21:00 Waking

21:00 - 23:30 Sleep

23:30 6th feeding

23:30 - 6:00 Sleep

This mode is far from a guide to the life of mom and baby by the clock, but only an example by which you can imagine how long the phases of sleep and wakefulness, breaks between meals can be.

Baby health at 1 month

If a child was born in autumn, winter or early spring, in the second month of life, the doctor usually prescribes a drug containing vitamin D to prevent rickets. Both the drug and its dose are selected individually, taking into account the nature of feeding the child (since most adapted mixtures contain vitamin D). Sometimes the prevention of rickets can start earlier or, on the contrary, be postponed at certain indicators (with gastrointestinal disorders or if the doctor finds the size of the fontanel too small, insufficient increase in head circumference).

Development month old baby

Now for the baby the most pleasant and dear is the voice of the people around him, and especially his mother. After all, he heard it in his tummy. Therefore, talk to him more often - this both calms him down and allows him to learn more about the world around him.

Call him by his first name or just an affectionate nickname when you enter a room. Talk about how you feel when you change. By changing the volume of the voice, you can calm him down or attract attention. It is very interesting for the kid to watch the change in timbre - from low to high and vice versa - this can attract his attention for a long time.

Another great activity is massaging the fingers and toes. Massage each finger separately, this will allow the baby to feel his body.

Some parents are sure that a month is too short term in order for their baby to learn some other science than how to eat, poop and scream around the clock. Others, on the contrary, with a wet gleam in their eyes, are ready to prove that their one-month-old baby is almost ready to enroll in a university - after all, he already “listens carefully”, “nods in response”, “waves goodbye” and even “everything understands everything. In fact, both are far from the truth of life. What does a child really know at 1 month old, and should he be able to do anything at all?

Being born is hard work! But the neonatal period (the first 28 days) is no easier for the baby: after all, the world around is so big and complex ... How does a child develop at the very beginning of life, and what does a baby already know at the turn of 1 month?

Baby 1 month old: new world, new schedule

In just twelve months, your baby will change beyond recognition, and not only externally. He will turn into a mobile and curious toddler, already starting to walk, talk and show the first signs of character. But this “ascent” has 12 steps, 12 months. The first step - the starting one - consists mainly in the adaptation of the baby to the new conditions of "being". But this does not mean at all that a child of 1 month has nothing to boast of at all!

The development of a child in the first month of life really for the most part comes down to the fact that he gets used to a new, big, strange world. And you get used to the fact that from now on you must constantly and inseparably be near him and take care of him.

Child development in the first month of life: losing weight, gaining weight

Do not worry if your baby loses a little weight in the first days of life. Newborns are born with extra fluid in their bodies and usually lose up to 10% of their body weight in the first week. After that, their body stabilizes, and the child begins to gain grams again. At the end of the second week, babies, as a rule, weigh about as much as they weighed at birth.

But by the end of the first month of life, children, in conditions of adequate care and diet, begin to rapidly and steadily gain weight - an average of 15 to 30 grams every day.

What a baby can do at 1 month: touching reflexes

Despite the fact that in the first month of a child's life, his nervous system is still in the process of development, he already knows a lot. You will see that your little one has several natural reflexes. One of these, for example, sucking. Soon after birth, your baby is able to latch onto the breast and eat with your help. And if you touch his palm or put your finger on it, he will involuntarily squeeze it into a fist.

This reflex has made more than one generation of fathers happy. A rare dad will miss the opportunity to touchingly boast that his offspring has a strong male handshake or an “iron” grip.

If the baby is suddenly frightened of something, for example, a flash of bright light, he spreads his arms and legs to the sides, and then presses them back. This is called the Moro reflex, it will remain with the child until the 4-5th month, then it will gradually fade away.

A child of 1 month: “I would take it and go - let them let me go!”

By the end of the first month of life, your baby already has an instinct to walk. If you, while holding the baby, put his foot on a flat hard surface, he will try to take the first steps. This reflex is called "automatic gait of the newborn." But don't rush! There is a time for everything - no need to try to put the child on the floor or table, supporting only the handles. The baby's spine is still too weak and definitely not ready for such a load.

Moreover, despite the fact that monthly newborn already able to turn his head when lying on his stomach, his neck is not yet strong enough to support his head on his own. So always support the back of your baby's head when you pick him up.

Sleep like a baby?

For the first few weeks, it may seem to you that the only thing a newborn needs besides is this. In fact, newborns really sleep a lot, 15-16 hours a day. These hours may not be regular as the child is not used to the normal day/night cycle.

Remember, in the first month of a baby's life, their sleep and wake cycles are very different from yours. Unlike adults, infants sleep for the most part in REM sleep. This means that during the first weeks your baby will wake up as suddenly as he falls asleep.

You can help your little one get used to natural biorhythms faster by playing and talking with him during the day, and keeping things monotonous and boring at night. In the end, the baby will “understand” that they play during the day and sleep at night. And gradually, just in time for the end of the first month of life, the baby will become more and more awake during the day and sleep more and more soundly at night.

Child development at 1 month: what does he see, how does he hear?

In the first month of a child's life, the development of his vision is just beginning, newborns are short-sighted. The kid sees only those objects that are no further than twenty to thirty centimeters from him. This means that the baby will be able to more or less clearly see your face when you feed him or are near him. By the way, he would prefer to look at your face instead of some kind of muzzle. plush toy- neonatologists note that newborns are naturally attracted to a greater extent precisely by "live" human faces. The baby will also prefer to look at high-contrast objects, because they are more visible (this does not mean that you need to fill the children's bedroom with only black and white toys, pastel "soft" colors are also good and useful).

It is likely that you will notice that in the first month of life, the child will squint his eyes, trying to focus. This is normal, because the visual control apparatus of the newborn has not yet formed. However, if the baby continues to "mow" up to three or four months, it should be seen by a doctor, this may be a sign of strabismus.

Hearing in a newborn has not yet developed either, but by the end of the first month of life, he already hears many sounds clearly. Especially the voices of his parents, to which he was accustomed while he was in the womb. By the way, newborns like to listen to high-pitched, shrill sounds. So don't be too indignant when your mom or nanny specifically talks to him in a squeaky baby voice - it's even useful for a while.

If your baby at the age of one month does not react at all to any sounds, show him to the doctor. Despite the fact that in the maternity hospital, a neonatologist checks the hearing of all newborns, a safety net will not hurt.

Achieving the first month - love for sweets

Like older children (and many adults, too), newborns love the sweet taste. The thing is that in the first month of a child's life, the development of his taste buds is just beginning - the baby still does not know how to recognize bitter and salty. But the sweetish taste of his food (which is formed thanks to a special one) is already very well recognized by a one-month-old baby.

As for the sense of smell, month old baby it is already well developed - from the first days of life, he is quite capable of distinguishing the smell of the nipple of the mother's breast and the smell of breast milk.

Baby 1 month: communication through tears

A 1 month old baby has only the only way communication with the outside world - crying. Your baby may cry for up to three hours a day, and that's okay. Don't panic - the older he gets, the fewer tears there will be. Crying is your baby's way of saying "I'm hungry - feed me!" or "My diaper is wet - change it!" or simply "I'm tired." In the end, you will learn to distinguish this cry and choose.

Achievements are not great, but the will to win is huge!

So, monthly baby still can not boast of many new skills and abilities. So far, he is only getting used to the new conditions of life, which are radically different from those in which he was before birth. However, he already knows a few things. Namely:

interested in watching the face of a person leaning towards him
trying to repeat the facial expressions of his "interlocutor"
speaks with curiosity
sometimes repeats some sounds "in unison" with the speaker;
distinguishes bright solid colors (red, black, white, yellow);
recognizes the voice, smell and touch of the person who spends the most time with him (most often it is his mother);
able to focus on a motionless bright object;
in the position on the stomach actively tries to raise and turn the head.

Compared to what your baby will be able to demonstrate in a year, all of these skills seem insignificant. But you evaluate the success of your child "from the other side" - compared to that tiny "blatant lump" that your baby looked like at birth, today's one-month-old toddler is already an incredible hero and hero. Is not it?

When a baby first appears in the house after birth, this becomes the beginning of a new life not only for him, but also for young parents, who often do not know at all what to do with such a baby. The first month is always the most difficult, because new responsibilities and excitement await the young mother - it is at the age of 0-28 days that the baby is called a newborn.

Weight gain and height

A newborn baby of the first month gains 20 g daily, i.e. at the end of the month child recovers by about 600 g. Such an increase is less than those that await the baby in the coming months - this is due to the fact that in the first week the newborn loses up to 8% of its original weight. This phenomenon is observed in almost all 1-month-old babies and is quite understandable with medical point vision:

the child excretes a lot of original feces, which is called meconium;
Mom doesn’t have much milk yet;
a large amount of energy wasted.

There is an opinion that full-term babies who were born on time, but at the same time with a small weight, gain it more intensively than chubby peers. If the baby was born prematurely, then it will be much slower to gain the desired weight. Average 1 month old baby grows 3 cm.

innate reflexes

This article talks about typical ways to solve your questions, but each case is unique! If you want to know from me how to solve exactly your problem - ask your question. It's fast and free!

All newborns of the first month have congenital reflexes, which are acquired regardless of any reasons and are unconditional. On examination, the pediatrician must check whether the repulsion reflex from the adult palm is well developed, how the grasping reflex is developed, whether the baby holds on to the finger placed in his palm, whether he leans on the foot when he is lifted to a vertical position, studies other reflexes. The general coordination of movements in the newborn is still absent.

By 3-4 weeks of life, some reflexes begin to fade, his movements become more focused and less impulsive.

With regular training, by the end of 1 month, the baby can raise his head for a while from a prone position on his tummy (we recommend reading:). This period is also characterized by fixation of the gaze on a bright object, even a short observation of the toy indicates the progression of development.

Also, the newborn begins to be active and even smile if they begin to talk to him in an affectionate voice (we recommend reading:).

The neonatal stage is the very first crisis period in the development of the baby. This is the transition from a dependent type of existence to individual form life, from darkness to light, from heat to cold, from one type of breathing and nutrition to completely different. Other types of physiological regulation of behavior come into play, and most systems actually begin to function anew. The emergence of a "revitalization complex" is the psychological criterion for the end of the neonatal crisis.

How to care for a newborn?

Proper care of a 1-month-old baby is vital:

Carefully handle the umbilical cord. The time when the navel heals is closer to the second week. Make sure there is no swelling or redness.
Look after your relatives. They should be washed during each bath. A small fontanel is delayed by 3 months, and a large one only by 18.
If you have a boy, watch the body's reaction while crying. See a doctor if you notice a bulge in your scrotum, groin, or belly button. This may indicate that the child has.
Do massage to strengthen the child's muscles and promote physical development. Massage should be performed for about 10 minutes, perfect time- at least half an hour after eating.
Take care of sensitive baby skin, she is very vulnerable in the first months of life. Urine, feces and other irritants can lead to redness, so choose soft diapers and supplement care with lubrication sensitive skin baby oil.
Don't Forget About Hygiene: girls need to be washed only from front to back and do this after each change of diaper or diaper, boys should be washed in the same way, only you need to pay Special attention foreskin - it should be washed with running water without soap every 7 days. Babies should be bathed daily.

Massage for a newborn is not only pleasure and fun, but also a beneficial effect on muscle development. It is recommended to do it daily

How often does the child poop and pee?

Infants urinate approximately with the following frequency: on the first day - 1-2 times, by 5 days the amount increases to 15 times a day. By the end of the newborn period, the number of urination is 20-25 times a day. A small amount of urination after birth is associated with a small amount of fluid intake and immature kidneys.

The chair in 1-month-old babies is not the same and changes almost every day. In the first 2 days, the discharge of thick greenish-brown meconium is characteristic, followed by frequent stool, which differs in consistency (the appearance of mucus, greenery or undigested lumps is possible) - such a chair happens 8 times a day and is called transitional. A week after birth, the child begins to poop 3-8 times a day, while the stool has a sour smell, the color is yellow, and the consistency is mushy. Toddlers on artificial form feeding poop less often. The frequency of bowel movements is 3-4 times a day.

If the baby is fed well-digestible breast milk, there may be a 2-day delay in stools, but there will be completely normal behavior. The baby does not experience discomfort, does not suffer from bloating or regurgitation.

baby sleep

Most of the time newborns spend in a dream, the total sleep time per day is about 18 hours. Waking time is spent mainly on food and hygiene. The periods of "festivities" are relatively short - about 15-20 minutes.

With age, the child will become more active, and now children often fall asleep immediately after feeding or even during it. If there are other reasons, awakening between feedings is also possible - such reasons include a diaper not changed on time, a sharp loud noise or uncomfortable position.

Child nutrition

1 month of life is an adaptation period, when the whole body of the baby gets used to the new living conditions. The same applies to nutrition. Infants who receive only mother's milk, as a rule, do not have clear time limits between meals. Mom feeds the baby on demand - similar way called free feeding. In 1 month of life, the baby is often applied to the breast - about 12 times, but sometimes more frequent desire suck on your mother's breast. Do not worry, the child has not yet established his own feeding regimen, after a while the schedule will change. Frequent requirement breast is associated not only with satisfying hunger, but also with the satisfaction of the sucking reflex, which has a positive effect on psychological state baby.

Artificer babies receive adapted formula about 8 times a day for two weeks after birth. Feed the babies artificial feeding follows strictly according to the schedule, and when the baby is already more than 2 weeks old, you can try to do night break and sleep, thus, will last about 6 hours, and the number of feedings per day will be 7. Babies who eat the mixture should be supplemented with water, which can be offered between feedings.

Calculating the required dose of the adapted mixture is quite simple: 80xY or 70xY, where Y is the day of the baby's life. This formula is valid for children in the first 10 days of life. Birth weight affects the choice of the first or second formula option. Babies with a body weight of more than 3200 g at birth receive a mixture according to the first part of the formula, if the weight was below this indicator, according to the second. The one-time volume of the adapted mixture is calculated as follows: the resulting value should be divided by the number of feedings.

Calculate the amount of the recommended mixture is necessary to avoid overfeeding, which can adversely affect the health of the child's gastrointestinal tract

walks

How much to walk with a newborn in the first month of life depends on the season and weather. In warm summer time you can walk with the baby almost the next day after being discharged from the hospital, but the duration of the walks should be short at first. Start with 15-30 minutes and gradually increase the time spent on fresh air. After a week, your walks with a newborn can last almost 2 hours, i.e. practically occupy all the free time between feedings.

Dr. Komarovsky advises walking 2 times a day if the weather is good. Babies born in the cold season must first adapt a little at home. After 1-2 days, you can start the first walks in the fresh air, but keep in mind that you should not walk with a newborn if the air temperature is below -10 ° C or if there is a strong wind outside. The duration of walks is about 10 minutes at first and gradually increases to 40 minutes. If the weather permits, the walking time can be extended even up to an hour.

Examinations of the first month of life

Having reached the age of 1 month, the child goes to the first appointment with the doctor.

Mothers should show their child not only to a pediatrician, but also to other specialists: a neurologist, an orthopedist, a surgeon.
If there are indications, the list of specialists can be increased - the pediatrician gives a referral for an examination to a cardiologist or ophthalmologist.
Monthly baby should be checked with ultrasound examination to reveal possible pathologies in the development of the hip joint.
Along with this, ultrasound of the brain and internal organs is performed - such a thorough examination will help to identify diseases at an early stage.
At this age, the child should have an ECG (electrocardiogram), where experienced doctor understand the work of your baby's heart.

The first weeks of life are the most memorable for parents, because during this period everything happens for the first time. The most disturbing and interesting, full of worries and troubles, the first month of a baby's life is characterized by the beginning of intensive physical and mental development.

Many young parents believe that a one-month-old baby is still too small, and all he needs is healthy sleep and mother's milk. But this is not so: babies develop very rapidly, especially when they are given a lot of time and practice. To assess how the baby develops, parents should know what a child should be able to do at 1 month.

Features of the physical development of a monthly baby

It should be noted that the first month of a baby's life mostly passes in a dream: newborns can stay awake only 4-6 hours a day. This - normal phenomenon when the child is not disturbed by anything and he is healthy.

When the baby does not sleep, he actively "moves" in his own way - he twists his legs and arms a lot, sometimes he makes involuntary movements. This phenomenon is called neonatal hypertonicity and refers to characteristic features child development at 1 month.

The physical development of a child at 1 month is different in that the baby no longer sleeps in the fetal position, his movements become more coordinated.

By the end of the first month of life, he will try to raise both his head and buttocks together. If the baby's heels can rest on his mother's palm, then he will be able to push off on his own - this will be his first serious movement. .

Height and weight table*

* - Data are given according to the charts World Organization Health (WHO):

Growth of girls from birth to 2 years.
Growth of boys from birth to 2 years.
Weight of girls from birth to 2 years.
Weight of boys from birth to 2 years.
Head circumference, girls 0-2 years old.
Head circumference, boys 0-2 years

How does a child learn about the world around him?

The list of what a baby can do at 1 month is not limited to strictly physical skills. Hearing, vision, facial expressions and even speech - all this does not stand still.

In the first month, the baby still cannot really move, but the newborn hears remarkably. When he is awake, he constantly turns his head - so he tries to determine where the sounds he heard come from.

Speech directly depends on how hearing develops in a baby. Certainly, Small child will not be able to reproduce complex sounds yet, but the first “agu” and “ghouls” are already appearing in him, read when the child starts to coo. The more parents talk to him, the faster the speech is laid in the crumbs.

The development of the child suggests that at 1 month of life he likes to follow the movement of objects and people's faces. Last fact- scientifically proven.

The facial expressions of the crumbs are also developing: he begins to smile at his mother, show his tongue, trying to copy her movements.

Emotional and mental development of a monthly baby

The normal mental development of a child at 1 month directly depends on emotional background in which grows small man. I must say that babies feel the mood of their mother very well, any emotions are instantly reflected in his psychological well-being.

Irritation, fatigue, self-disorder important person brings discomfort to the child, and the only way to “splash out” it is to burst into tears.

Crying is the only signal that a baby is able to give if something bothers him. When the family is calm and quiet, the baby feels safe, which means that it develops normally.

Peculiarities emotional development a child at 1 month is that the baby begins to give signs - when he is dissatisfied with something and rejoice when he likes everything.

By the end of the first month, many new sounds appear, the baby begins to react in a special way to the appearance of loved ones: smile and even laugh.

Important children's reflexes

The psychomotor development of a child at 1 month is characterized by the presence of unconditioned reflexes, by which you can determine how well the baby adapts to new conditions, is the key to further development. Be sure to have a baby of the first month of life, subject to a healthy nervous system, such reflexes as:

Rhythmic movements necessary for sucking breast milk. In other words, the sucking reflex. It is present during the first year of a baby's life.

Development premature baby at 1 month is characterized weak manifestation this reflex. The fact is that children born ahead of time, are not yet prepared by nature to suck out milk, and often their sucking reflex is practically not formed. For this reason, premature babies who are bottle-fed for the first weeks of life refuse to accept mother's milk at all;

The search reflex lies in the fact that, barely touching the corner of the baby's mouth, you can call from his side active search maternal breast;
The ability of a baby to firmly grasp his mother's fingers with his palms is called a grasping reflex;
If the baby is placed on his stomach, he will immediately turn his head to the side. This is a manifestation of a protective reflex that protects the baby from the possibility of suffocation. That is why healthy children even infancy You can sleep on your stomach without fear. Read more about this in the article Can a newborn sleep on his stomach?>>>;
The crawling reflex manifests itself as follows: the child rests with his feet, for example, in the palms of an adult and pushes away from them, thereby moving forward;
To see how a monthly baby "walks", it is enough to hold it vertically so that the feet lie on a hard surface. By slightly tilting the baby, you can observe involuntary steps;
An interesting reflex is the palmar-mouth reflex. It turns out that if you touch the palm of the baby and press it lightly, he will open his mouth and at the same time slightly tilt his head forward.

Special skills of a month old baby

Children's development cannot and should not be identical: they learn new things and acquire skills at different rates. But, having considered the features of the development of a child in 1 month , It is possible to single out the moments that should be manifested in the development of each baby:

holding the head, lifting it from a prone position;
search for the source of sounds, listening to them and the ability to distinguish between mother's voice among others;
startling from a sharp or too loud sound;
observation of bright objects, and later - behind the faces of people;
grasping and holding mother's finger or toy;
"cooing", the ability to emotionally respond to the gentle voice of the mother.

The development of a child in the first month of life is more dependent on a warm family environment so that the baby feels safe. Communicating with him, leave problems and Bad mood aside, smile and talk sweetly.

It is often necessary to take the baby in your arms, because the heartbeat native person and mother's smell affects him nervous system only on the good side. And rhythmic rocking will help put him to sleep.

What does a baby need in the first months of life? , so that it develops harmoniously? For the development of hearing and the laying of speech - songs, nursery rhymes, jokes. If you respond to his “aha”, he will rather learn other sounds.

No less important are touches, stroking the back and stomach. This calms the child, and massage contributes to the physical development of all muscle groups. Bright toys and instrumental melodies will help develop the eyesight and hearing of the baby.

To test your knowledge of how a child changes and develops in the 1st month, go through

A child is considered a newborn from the first day of life to 28. At this time, the baby is adapting to outside world, after the wonderful 9 months spent in the greenhouse conditions of my mother's tummy. At first glance, the baby looks like a defenseless baby, but nature gives enough internal forces organism for 100% survival.

In this article, we will give answers to parents' questions about the causes of newborn crying, proper care, care, nutrition and sleep. Why does the baby grunt, grunt, sneeze, twitch and breathe through the mouth. Why doesn’t he fart and poop every 3 days, and if he does, then it’s liquid or green.

In addition to many problems, the mother needs to teach the child how to properly attach to the breast in order to avoid stagnation of milk and the complications associated with this in the form of and. There are enough reasons for concern, but in this article we will try to analyze most of the points and help mom get maximum pleasure from the birth of a baby.

What should a child be able to do at 1 month

A newborn should be able to squeeze his fingers, and bend his legs. Mom needs to gently unclench her fingers and legs during the first weeks. Your baby's legs will naturally twist into the fetal position they were in before birth. It will take the first few weeks, as the baby learns to straighten up from the fetal position. Even more time will be required for the pronunciation of peculiar sounds called "speech of babies." This will be a high-profile activity in the initial stages. In addition to crying in uncomfortable situations, a one-month-old baby begins to make a whole variety of sounds.

By the beginning of the second month, the child is able to:

squeak,
squeal,
grunt,
sigh,
groan,
hiccup,
sneeze.

The baby mainly makes sounds to external and internal stimuli.

Weight of a newborn girl

weight chart for girls from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

According to WHO standards, from birth to 1 month, a girl should gain from 800 grams to 1.2 kg.

Boys weight at 1 month

According to WHO standards, from birth to 1 month, a boy should gain from 800 grams to 1.3 kilograms.

weight chart for boys from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Growth of a boy at 1 month of age

According to WHO standards, a newborn boy, like a girl, will increase in height by 4 cm in 1 month.

growth chart of newborn boys from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Growth of a girl at 1 month

According to WHO standards, a newborn girl up to one month will add approximately 4 cm.

growth chart of a newborn girl from birth to 6 months according to WHO standards

Caring for a newborn baby in a maternity hospital

The main actions of doctors to ensure proper care immediately after the birth of a child:

immediate wiping;
ensuring skin-to-skin contact between the newborn and mother;
clamping and cutting the umbilical cord (after a few minutes);
initiation of early breastfeeding.

After the first hour of life, a newborn baby will be treated with eyes. Five criteria (skin color, heart rate and respiration rate, reflexes, muscle tone) will be assessed according to the Apgar scale. They will make a mandatory injection of vitamin K (prevention of hemorrhagic disease) and after 12 hours a vaccination against. Measure weight, height and gestational age(from the first day of the last to childbirth).

Daily care of newborn babies at home

Newborn morning toilet includes air baths and skin care. Thoroughly wipe the entire body, especially the folds, with a cotton swab soaked in warm water from head to toe. Wipe each eye of the child with a separate swab from outer corner to the inner. If necessary, clean the nose from crusts with cotton flagella.

Basic rules for caring intimate places newborn boys and girls will be described below, but both need to be washed after each diaper change (2-3 hours). During all procedures, we carefully look at the folds of the skin, buttocks and genitals of the baby. Infant skin is a reflection of his health. Treat irritations with baby creams (bepanten, sanosan, sudocrem, etc.).

Features of caring for a boy

Pediatrician E. O. Komarovsky believes that no additional hygiene procedures (pulling, steaming, lubricating) over the genitals of a newborn boy are needed. World pediatrics claims that apart from washing warm water child's penis, no parental action is required.

Below are examples of how a one-month-old baby shows that he is tired and it's time for bed:

avoids eye contact;
starts to get nervous, cry and become sleepy;
coughing and spitting;
drooling;
rubs eyes.

How to properly bathe a newborn baby

Water procedures are the basis of proper care for a newborn. For the first month, bathing a child if he is healthy and not vaccinated is recommended by pediatricians every day at bedtime until the last feeding. You can start introducing the baby's body to water immediately after discharge from the hospital.

Where to bathe a newborn

Before the umbilical wound heals (2-3 weeks), the baby should be bathed in a baby bath, then you can move to a large one, and in 2-3 months to the pool. Before each bath, the bath must be washed hot water with soap.

What water should be for swimming

Bathe the newborn in boiled water complete healing umbilical wound. The water temperature should be 37 degrees, and in the room not lower than 25. With potassium permanganate (weak solution), if desired, bathe 1-2 times a week. With soap, be sure to 1-2 times, but not more often, it dries the skin.

What herbal infusions can be added to water

succession;
chamomile;
sage;
calendula.

bathing process

Lay the child back down in the water with one hand behind the head. With the other hand, pour some water over the baby while talking affectionately and smiling.

After swimming

Gently place the newborn on soft towel and wrap up. Gently dab wet skin without rubbing. There should not be a huge temperature difference in the rooms.

Baby development at 1 month

A child in the first month of life needs, first of all, maternal care and love, which has a great influence on the development of the brain of a newborn. Warmth and a sense of security helps the baby create new brain cells and connect with each other.

This contributes to:

perception of new ideas and information;
a sense of security and confidence;
growth of a healthy organism.

Why do you cry a lot

hunger;
pain;
fear;
fatigue;
reaction to smell
loneliness;
no mood.
and many others. others

Using the developed senses of taste and smell, the newborn distinguishes breast milk from other liquids. The baby has a sweet tooth and wrinkle its nose every time it tastes sour and bitter.

When do newborns begin to see and hear?

A newborn baby can see faces and objects different colors, size and shape. By the end of the first month, the baby should calmly be able to distinguish the voices of his parents from other people. Adults are surprised by the ability of the baby to adjust the body to their arms and shoulders.

After long months in the womb, the baby recognizes the mother's voice. When you turn on calm music, the baby will calm down and listen.

How and what babies see after birth

The best distance for visual perception the baby in the first month will be from 20.3 to 30.5 cm. While feeding the newborn or holding it in her arms, the mother's face is perfectly visible to the baby. But if the mother is a little further away, the baby's eyes will begin to squint and wander. Do not worry during the first months, the look is normal.

As children age, their eyesight improves. It will become easier for kids to focus on one subject for the right amount of time. It will normally begin to see between the second and third month. If this does not happen, take him to the hospital for an examination (physical examination). Babies distinguish light from darkness, but so far they cannot recognize the whole range of shades. Parents should show examples of black, white and other contrasting colors. Babies will study them with interest. But it will not respond to pictures with drawings.

How much should a baby sleep in the first month

The child sleeps an average of 16 to 20 hours a day for up to one month. Newborns wake up at regular intervals, both at night and during the day. Basically, children at 1 month do not sleep well due to:

hunger;
wet diapers;
heat;
cold;
loud sounds;
bright light;
colic and gaziki;
emotional anxiety.

The cause for concern is:

sleeps 4 hours without waking up to eat;
does not sleep for 4-5 hours;
wakes up frequently (5-7 minutes).

Let the baby at 1 month decide how much he needs to rest. At the same time, mothers should remember that there are no unambiguous exact data on the sleep rate of a newborn baby. Every baby has their own daily schedule.

New parents will have to wake up several times a night - this is an integral part of initial stage care for newborns. Best Option will just go with the flow. Let your baby sleep when he wants to during the first month. Use slings, carrycots, or basket cribs. Mom or dad can calmly walk while the baby is wrapped in a light sleep.

A newborn's sleep throughout the day can be used to your advantage. Parents need to sleep, especially mom. To sleep better baby, you need to warm his legs mother's hands or breathe on them. Often in a dream, babies grunt and spin - this is normal because the child adapts to our world.

What position should a one month old baby sleep in?

Sleep takes up most of the baby's time after birth. The baby does not know how to choose the position of his body, and it is important for parents to learn how to properly settle the baby in the crib.

Pediatricians identify several safe sleeping positions for newborns. Experts recommend taking into account some physiological features month old baby in each case:

On the side. The pose is recognized as the safest for the baby. The child will not choke in case of profuse regurgitation.
Sideways. The desired position for the baby is created with a roller from a diaper or blanket. It is so useful to sleep for children suffering from colic, for a better discharge of gas.
On the back. It is allowed under the condition of the baby's head turned to the side. The position is fixed with a soft diaper. The next time the child is laid with a turn on opposite side for the prevention of torticollis.
On the stomach. The pose prevents colic, is safe for regurgitation, helps strengthen muscles. It is recommended to put on the tummy in the daytime under the supervision of adults. A sleeping baby should not bury his nose in a soft surface. There is a risk of infant death from suffocation.

The correct positions of the newborn in the crib during sleep are horizontal postures with the same level of the body and head. It is better to put the baby to sleep without a pillow. At 1 month, it is important for the child to alternate body turns daily for healthy development spine, muscular system. Gradually, the behavior of the baby will tell you in what positions he sleeps comfortably and safely.

White noise for newborns

White noise is a constant sound that pediatricians recommend listening to newborn babies to restful sleep. The baby has heard sounds in the womb since the third trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, the familiar noise quickly calms the baby.

Examples of white noise:

vacuum cleaner;
mother's heartbeat;
dad's voice;
fan;
water;
birdsong, etc.

Baby food

Newborn babies are born with a developed reflex to breastfeed. At 1 month, the child is well able to express his needs with the help of crying or screaming, and if nothing is needed, then he calms down without anyone's help.

The joint life of a mother in the first month with a child is still exhausting. After all, newborns do not have a clear schedule: they may ask to eat every 2-3 hours, or even after 1.5.

It is almost impossible for a mother to have a normal rest in the first months after the birth of a child. Night feedings should be carried out two or three times, or even more often. No matter how exciting caring for a baby is, you should not forget about yourself, because the nutritional value of breast milk depends on the mother. By choosing healthy foods and following a few simple rules of nutrition, mom provides herself with energy for all the crazy days and nights.

How much should you eat

In the first few days, the newborn will eat little breast milk. The child will have enough nutritious and fatty mother's colostrum. The size of the baby's ventricle immediately after birth is only 10 ml. But the baby will often eat 10-12 times a day. Night feedings are especially important for increasing lactation during breastfeeding. If the mother who is breastfeeding does not have enough milk, then at night she should often apply the little one to the breast. Pediatricians recommend that mothers feed their babies on demand.

How much does a newborn eat for one feeding of breast milk

A child on willows should eat at least 6-7 times a day. Daily rate formula for a newborn should not exceed a fifth of their body weight. Do not force the baby to eat up a one-time portion by force; at the next meal, he will finish the missed meal. Since each organism is individual, the amount of the mixture cannot be determined the same for all. Consult with a good pediatrician, monitor the weight of the child at 1 month and, of course, the behavior of the crumbs.

The norm of feeding a newborn on artificial feeding

Mom's nutrition

During breastfeeding, a nursing mother should drink 2 to 3 liters of fluid. Complete nutrition pledge good health not only the nurse, but also her child. Do not be afraid to ask your friends, neighbors, relatives for help. They may even enjoy helping you with shopping, cooking, and cleaning. Below are some helpful tips:

A bottle of water should be at hand in the house. If the mother feeds the baby with breast milk at 1 month, then she needs to drink about four liters of water.
Eliminate caffeine and sugar from the menu.

A nursing mother of a one-month-old baby needs to eat foods rich in carbohydrates:

whole wheat flour bread,
legumes, such as lentils and beans,
vegetables such as corn or potatoes,

as well as proteins:

lean meat,
cottage cheese,
eggs (read the article about),
nuts,
low-fat yogurt without additives.

Monthly baby routine

In the first month for a newborn baby, we offer a three-hour daily routine. A little later, you can switch to a four-hour one. The baby will get used to the new regimen in just the first few days and will wake up when it is convenient for mom. This mode promotes sound infant sleep at night.

Newborns in the first days of life are accustomed to the regime already at the age of six weeks, sleep well at night, or those who before this age managed to gain 5-6 kg in weight. My sons have been sleeping well at night since they were eight weeks old. With the second child, everything was not so smooth, but the established regimen really helped to cope with the difficulties.

At night, we feed a one-month-old baby only when necessary. If you stick to the same schedule, then the baby will quickly get used to this regimen. Well, it remains only to wish you success!

Massage for newborns

To massage a newborn baby from the first days of life is necessary for normal development. Even our ancestors understood the importance of regularly massaging the baby's body. They believed that bones become stronger and healthier.

Baby massage sets strong connection between newborn and parents. The process gives not only a feeling of security and love, but also relaxes, soothes, gives the child a good deep sleep. Improving digestive system in babies. And it really helps the baby cope with gas and colic. Massage develops the baby's flexibility and improves blood circulation.

Video: how to massage a newborn at home

social development

Create warm relationships between parents and other family members. This will help develop social factors one month old baby. By allowing other people to take care of the baby and talk to him, parents make it possible for others to establish contact with babies.

Little by little the kid learns how to treat people. If for some reason you cannot be with the baby, it would be best to leave it to trusted people.

A child at 1 month will eventually begin to enjoy their care. If you decide to leave your baby with relatives, friends or a qualified caregiver, make sure that he is in a comfortable environment.

Gymnastic exercises

In the first month of life, babies spend time learning to feel loved and protected. Love will give psychological and emotional strength to fight disease and the ability to explore new possibilities.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of dynamic gymnastics for babies. Listed are 7 specific adapted exercises for practicing with a baby up to 6 weeks. We recommend watching the video: what and how mom can do on her own. Go to .

Sensitive Perception

An important sense for a month old baby is touch. After long months in the warm uterine fluid, the infant will open up to many kinds of sensory perception. While he will cringe involuntarily at the sudden blast of cold air, a soft towel and the warmth of his hands will be to his taste. Hand holding will bring him as much joy as it will bring you. These hugs will give a feeling of comfort, love and security. results scientific research showed that close emotional connections stimulate development.

Runny nose

Parents will repeatedly encounter colds and. Snot in a month-old baby and nasal congestion complicates an already hectic life for parents!

Often accompanied by cough, body temperature up to 37-38 degrees, sneezing. Although parents should not use antipyretic drugs on a newborn unless prescribed by a doctor. There are other natural solutions that will help during difficult times.

The first temperature in a newborn

A mother's heart just breaks when a one-month-old baby gets sick. Heat has always been a source of fear for parents. This phenomenon has even spread among specialists under the name feverphobia. Dear parents, when you personally have a temperature, does the phobia also wake up? Support your guesses with facts and, definitely, you will feel calmer.

The heat begins at a temperature of 38 ̊С.
A one-month-old baby wakes up with flushed cheeks, the skin emits a bright heat. Use the thermometer, all doubts will be dispelled as soon as you see 37.7 ̊С. Which is better, rush to the first aid kit or to the phone? Neither one nor the other. The baby does not even feel the heat at this temperature. Even for the smallest children, the central body temperature is just about 37 ̊С.
In a child of one month, as well as in adults, the temperature rises from various reasons, starting physical activity, too warm bath and ending with warm clothes. Even the time of day can affect the temperature. For example, the temperature rises in the evening and drops early in the morning. So, if the thermometer shows that the baby has up to 38 ̊С, you can calm down, he does not have a fever.
The symptoms are more important than the numbers.
Many parents are convinced that the higher the temperature, the more painful the month-old baby, but this is not always the case. With a temperature of 39.4 ̊С, he can feel quite fine and, as if nothing had happened, play with his toys. At the same time, I would like to note that a baby with a temperature of 38.3 ̊С may be restless, tired, and need the hugs of his parents.
Does this mean that if an unhealthy baby feels good, he does not need medical help? This is true.

“Fight discomfort, not fever,” says pediatrician and Academy of Pediatrics spokesperson Janice Sullivan. And remember, a fever in a newborn helps the body resist disease. Instead of paying attention to the number of the thermometer, pay attention to better attention for other signs that will show how sick the baby is. “It is much more important to pay attention to the symptoms,” says the doctor. “Leakness and fatigue, for example, are much better indicators of illness than fever.”

What medicines can be given to a child at 1 month old at a temperature

Before grasping the medicine, try to reduce the fever by rubbing the child with a wet sponge. This one a long time ago known way can be surprisingly effective.

Use moderately warm water (29-32 ̊С) to wipe the skin of a one-month-old baby, pay special attention to the forehead and underarm area.

If it seems that the child is not at all well and wiping does not help, antipyretic medicines will come to the rescue. But you need to remember about some important nuances. Never wake a sweetly sleeping baby to feed him medicines! If he is sleeping, do not disturb his sleep, and allow yourself to rest.

How much should a newborn poop in the first days?

On average, a newborn poops 6 times a day. Each child will have an individual chair in quantity and quality. Mom needs to know - if the baby is breastfed, he will most likely defecate more often than babies on artificial nutrition. In case of a problem, the behavior of the baby will definitely change and you should consult a doctor.

The frequency of stools in a child at the end of the first month should change. With age, children defecate quantitatively less, sometimes only once is enough for eight hours. But still, it should be remembered that breast milk is digested faster than formula.