Non-traditional physical education equipment in kindergarten. Presentation on the topic "non-standard physical education equipment in the dow"

19.04.2019

The foundations of health are laid in preschool age. The child's body grows and develops intensively, the character is formed, habits are developed. It is at this age that it is very important to explain to the child how to properly take care of himself, to form right attitude to your body. Health promotion activities in kindergarten help to develop good habit: lead an active lifestyle, engage in physical education and sports, take into account the needs of your body. Another important task is to maintain the health of pupils and strengthen it. Unfortunately, not all families understand the importance active image life and self care. If a child cannot develop these skills at home, kindergarten classes can fill this gap. That is why I consider it necessary to pay considerable attention to health-saving technologies. They are important and necessary part systematic education of children, because the need for movement in a child is basic. IN Lately can be traced negative trend: parents focus exclusively on the intellectual development of children, but much less time is devoted to physical activity than is necessary. As a result, the baby suffers, he needs to move, run and have fun. Physical education can not be superfluous. Intellectual activities and physical activity equally important for preschoolers.

What's happened non-standard approach to physical education?

Children are always interested in unusual, non-standard activities. If I managed to surprise preschoolers, then half the success has been achieved. That is why I consider a non-standard approach to physical education very important. In addition, unusual physical education equipment is relatively inexpensive. In many cases, sports equipment and paraphernalia for outdoor games can be made with a minimum of effort and money. Being engaged with the help of non-standard equipment, kids, as a rule, easily "turn on" the game. They like to move and do new exercises. The guys become a real team, they support each other, cheer for each other, suggest: of course, this helps to unite the team.

non-standard Sports Equipment: what is he?

He is different. And therein lies its charm. For example, such a boa constrictor turned out from a long piece of fabric.

This sports equipment is more like a soft toy. Children jumped over it with great pleasure. I set the task: children need to jump over an obstacle and in no case step on a boa constrictor (suddenly he will be offended?). We also sewed a sun for stepping and jumping.

The hare was cut out of plywood, painted bright colors. Our job is to feed him. A hungry bunny stands with its mouth open, but the child needs to get there with a carrot. So that the carrots are not lost, they fall into the bag, which is attached from the back.

And these funny mice are used as skittles. The base is a plastic bottle. Above is a brightly colored fabric. Each mouse has a flirty bow on its head.

We use about twenty of these shells. In addition to their direct purpose - to make physical education bright and boring, they have another tangible plus. Children see that the same object can be used in several ways. This stimulates imagination and gives impetus to creative development. For example, a few days ago there were such rugs in the group.

I drew the attention of the children that parts of toys, for example, pyramids, were sewn onto the rug. She explained that they no longer play the pyramid anyway: they grew up. But this toy can still be useful, becoming a massager for small feet.

And the new sports equipment is a huge scope for imagination. When a new thing appears in the group, the children, of course, begin to ask questions. If this is an animal figure: then who is it? What's his name? why did he come to visit us? how to play with it? The guys make assumptions, one is more interesting than the other. Curiosity is growing. The new sports game is accepted with a bang.

How to organize non-standard classes?

The most important thing is interest, interest and once again interest. Children are naturally curious. And my task as a mentor is to stimulate and in every possible way encourage their desire for knowledge. new thing in a group is a great opportunity to show your curiosity.

Almost all sports equipment that I offer children are smiling. I want them to be kind and happy. In our time, when there is a dominance of gloomy or frankly evil toys on the shelves of stores, and a huge amount of negative information affects the immature child's psyche, a smile is very important. The child sees a smiling toy and begins to smile himself. As a result, children enjoy physical education.

Children love to win. And I try to make a team of winners out of my preschoolers. Jumped over a boa constrictor? Victory! Did you feed the rabbit? Victory. Did you go down the fun track? Of course, this is also a victory!

Physical education is combined with the game, and preschoolers always play with pleasure. They are emotionally involved in these games, so no one refuses to do the exercises. Children are making great progress.

Another very important point: the use of non-standard equipment for physical education helps me build training based on the urgent needs of specific children. If I see that some of my preschoolers have problems with fine motor skills, I come up with a projectile designed specifically for this skill. As a result, the child, playing with friends, easily catches up with peers.

non-standard play equipment for physical education I have been doing since the first year of my work in kindergarten. During this time, I had to read, probably, dozens of books and browse hundreds of Internet sites. IN middle group, where I now conduct classes, new physical education equipment regularly appears. With a clear conscience, I can say: the children like it, it is important and necessary.

Full and comprehensive development and education of preschoolers is impossible without motor activity, which has a great impact on health and physical state children. A growing body needs movement. Therefore, the main task of the kindergarten is to improve, ensure the versatile physical development of the child.

An important direction in the formation of the basics of a healthy lifestyle in children is a properly organized object-spatial environment. It should be of a developing nature, be diverse, dynamic, transformable.

To do this, in our groups we use non-standard physical education equipment made by ourselves, because new sport equipment- this is always an additional incentive to activate physical culture and health work.

Impossible to decide main task without joint activities with parents. After all, the foundation of a healthy lifestyle is laid first of all in the family, and in kindergarten we continue it.

Parents in our groups were invited to take part in the manufacture of non-standard equipment, they willingly agreed. Recommendations were given: from what material and how to make manuals.

Non-standard equipment stimulates the interest of children, the desire to move, participate in games; brings joy and positive emotions.

The materials for the manufacture of such a manual are varied: cases from Kinder Surprises, plastic bottles from under yogurts, various buttons, fabric, bottle caps, etc.

Non-standard equipment provides:

1. Development of children's interest in physical education.

2. Improving the quality of exercise.

3. Formation of correct posture and prevention of flat feet.

4. Improving the coordination of movements, increasing the strength and endurance of muscles.

5. Establishing contact between teachers and parents.

Non-standard equipment is used:

1. At morning exercises.

2. On corrective gymnastics.

Z. At physical education classes.

4. On holidays and entertainment.

5. In breathing exercises.

6. In relaxation exercises.

7. On walks.

8. In individual work with kids.

9. In independent activity children.

I bring to your attention some examples of non-standard physical education equipment used in the groups of our preschool institution:

1. Simulator "Tiger jumps into a burning ring"

A wooden or cardboard ring (diameter - 40 cm) is attached to the doorway. A braid (about 2 m) with a tiger cub (soft toy) is sewn to the ring.

Purpose: development of dexterity, skills of accurate hitting the target,

The child must get into the ring as a tiger cub. There can be two players. They are located along different sides from the ring. In this case, the task becomes more complicated: the players must not only throw, but also catch.

Non-traditional sports equipment made from waste material

2. Homemade shuttlecock

A badminton shuttlecock can be made from a plastic bottle, and homemade version will not be much inferior to what they sell in sports stores.

3. "Horses"

Purpose: for games and relay races.

Material: plastic bottle, wooden stick, self-adhesive paper, thread or tow.

4. "Path of health"

Material:

sponges for washing dishes, buttons, hard flooring, wooden

beads, bottle caps, foam rubber.

Purpose: stimulation of the foot and prevention of flat feet, prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Usage: physical education, exercise therapy, gymnastics after daytime sleep, during the day.

5. Skipping rope from Kinder Surprises

used for stepping over, for jumping, in an outdoor game - like a skipping rope, as a guideline - in the game "Hit the target".

6. Skis from plastic bottles

Description:

the bottles are cut so that the foot enters, the edges are pasted over with colored electrical tape or cloth.

Purpose of use: develops coordination of movements, physical qualities.

In relay games, for example - “On the ski trail.

7. "Trap"

Material:

plastic bottle, ball or "kinder surprise", lace.

Purpose: development of dexterity, coordination of movements.

Usage: in free activity, in outdoor games, relay races, special exercises for vision at the gym.

8. "BASKETBALL"

Purpose:

develop coordination of movements, accuracy,

Develop interest in sports games and exercise.

Material: plastic bottle, synthetic yarn.

9. "Magic Rings"

Purpose: development of dexterity, coordination of movements, skills of accurate hitting the target.

Usage: in outdoor games, in outdoor games, in basic movements (throwing at a vertical and horizontal target.

Materials: "kinder surprises", cord.

10. "Fluffies"

They are used in open switchgear, outdoor games, in basic movements (various tasks in tossing and catching).

Materials: plastic bags, thread.

11. "Bees in a clearing"

Purpose:

development of dexterity, the skill of accurately hitting the target.

Material: juice bags, scotch tape, Kinder surprises for bees, decor material.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/

1. Sports equipment for preschool institutions: value, variety, equipment requirements

2. Basic requirements for the selection of physical education equipment

2.1 First junior group

2.1.1 Placement of sports equipment

2.2 Second junior group

2.2.1 Placement of sports equipment

2.3 Middle group

2.3.1 Placement of sports equipment

2.4 Senior and preparatory groups

2.4.1 Placement of sports equipment

2.5 Equipment for the gym

2.6 Sports field equipment

3. The use of non-traditional equipment on the sports ground, in the gym and on the kindergarten site

4. Organization of walks in winter time of the year

4.1 Structure of the walk

4.2 The task of the educator

4.3 Components of a walk

5. Compile a selection of physical culture minutes, chants, marching songs, chants

Literature

1. Sports equipmentfor preschool institutions:meaning, varietyAsia, hardware requirements

Full and comprehensive development and education is impossible without a properly organized and sufficient for children preschool age motor activity, which a huge impact on the health and physical development of the child. The growing body of a child needs movement, and the satisfaction of this need is essential condition its life and development.

The motor activity of the child is often due to the proposed motor mode, which consists of organized and independent activities. When developing a rational motor regime in kindergarten, it is important not only to ensure that the biological need of children for motor activity is met, but also to ensure that it corresponds to their motor experience, interests, desires and functionality child's body. Therefore, the teacher must take care of the organization of the motor activity of children, its diversity, as well as the fulfillment of the main tasks and requirements for its content. To do this, it is necessary to have properly selected physical education equipment, which is integral part general subject- gaming environment kindergarten.

The expedient selection and rational use of physical culture equipment in the process of optimizing the mode of motor activity of children in a kindergarten will contribute to the development of the motor sphere of children, their comprehensive development.

On initial stage mastering various movements, a variety of postures, objective actions important role belongs to adults. They create the conditions for activation motor activity children during their wakefulness, widely using a variety of bright toys, objects, benefits, which are an incentive for them to perform various movements. Toddlers reach for the object they like, try to overcome some distance in order to get it, and then try to act with it. Through actions with different objects, the child gets acquainted with the environment around him. The gradual mastery of different types of movements contributes to the expansion of the child's capabilities in his knowledge of the world around him. In the process of manifestation of motor activity in a child, conditioned reflex connections are established faster in the cerebral cortex, and its comprehensive development occurs more intensively.

The development of the motor sphere of preschool children is associated with the choice of certain methods of their actions that require physical effort and energy costs, their correlation with the dimensions and weight, stability and other properties of the objects used.

The motor activity of a child to achieve the goal of any action, for example, throwing a ball into a basket, maintaining balance on a balance beam, walking on a gymnastic bench, cycling, skiing, is determined by the intellectual-sensory, cognitive, as well as emotional-volitional and gaming activity of the child.

For the development of children's movements, the sensations of "muscular joy" are of great importance. Satisfaction of children from overcoming the difficulties that arise of a different nature (various obstacles encountered on the way; indecision, excitement, ignorance of the ways of performing movements, etc.) contributes to the development of volitional efforts, enrichment of motor experience, and disclosure of their functional capabilities.

In progress different types exercises using aids in children form motor skills (cycling, scooter, skiing, trampolining, jumping rope, rope climbing, etc.).

During the use of physical culture equipment, variable and complicated conditions can be created for performing various physical exercises. For example, children overcoming an obstacle course consisting of different modules make many movements: walking and running on an inclined boom, crawling on a gymnastic bench, crawling under arcs, jumping on a trampoline, etc. At the same time, children show dexterity, endurance, speed of reaction, as well as courage, determination and resourcefulness.

A set of exercises of a general developmental impact with various aids and objects (ball, hoop, gymnastic stick, etc.) can have a huge impact on the development of different muscle groups and strengthening muscle tone.

Bicycles, roller skates, skates stimulate the development of leg muscles. To strengthen the muscles of the foot and prevent flat feet, various massagers, small objects (rings, sticks, balls - to grip the toes), ribbed boards are used. The formation of the correct posture is facilitated by physical exercises performed against a wooden wall, exercises with children's expanders, a gymnastic stick and other objects.

Physical education aids help children achieve a clearer idea of the movement, which is formed on the basis of sensations and perceptions. Independent physical activity of children is determined by the presence of specific knowledge about different ways of performing exercises using physical education equipment. It is important that in the process of teaching children movements, the manuals contribute to their faster development.

In the process of performing motor tasks, children gain knowledge about the properties various items and benefits (shape, color, weight, quality of material), get acquainted with the features of movement in space, with the directions of movement. It should be noted the positive role of using a variety of physical education aids in outdoor games and exercises of children for the perception of space and time, including for the formation of skills and abilities of orientation in environment. Children showing their motor activity, act in a certain space, which can be different in size and shape, subject saturation. During walks, on a group site, a sports ground, or in a nearby forest, the field of activity of children is quite wide.

They move a lot on the playgrounds, treadmills, jump areas, obstacle course, mini-stadium, ski tracks. However, the space for motor activity of children during physical education classes held in the gym is more closed, as it is limited by the size and shape of indoor spaces (group rooms, gyms and gyms, swimming pools).

In any of the above conditions, the child determines the location of some objects in relation to others, as well as in relation to himself, and, at the same time, he learns all this in the process of motor activity based on sensation, touch, visual perception and speech. IN different conditions in children, the formation of movements and spatial orientation occurs simultaneously. Versatile knowledge of spatio-temporal relations, the objective environment occurs through active movements performed by children with various aids. Some physical exercises can be performed by preschoolers with small physical education aids (rubber ring, flag, rope, stick, hoop, ball). Other exercises - on a gymnastic roller, wall, beam, hand walker, on a sled, skis, etc. or near them (at the gymnastic wall, bench, at the balance beam, etc.).

During the participation of children in collective games with elements of sports (towns, volleyball, football, badminton, tennis, basketball, hockey), as well as in sports exercises (skating, skiing, cycling, scooter riding), a special environment is created, requiring from children the ability to coordinately solve problems of a motor nature, obey certain rules, use well-known movements in accordance with game situations, as well as independently find different ways completing the task.

With the rational selection and placement of physical education equipment, favorable conditions are created for the development of a variety of independent physical activity of children. Preschoolers can choose interesting and accessible movements with various aids that will help them creatively solve motor problems, feel comfortable in space among various objects and regulate their motor activity.

Physical education benefits greatly contribute to increasing the interest of children in performing various motor tasks in unusual conditions (forest, in the gym, on the sports ground), which leads to the satisfaction of their need for physical activity, and also has a beneficial effect on the health of children, their physical and mental development.

The participation of children in the preparation of manuals for various types of physical education classes forms their skills of accurate and careful handling.

The harmony of the combination of various different forms, colors various allowances in the design of the physical culture - game environment causes positive emotions in preschoolers. Rational physical activity of children in a variety of conditions subject environment develops the habit of regular physical education.

2. Basic requirements for the selection of physical education equipment

The selection of equipment is determined by the tasks of both physical and comprehensive education children. In a kindergarten, it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of physical education equipment to provide children with a favorable level of physical activity in the process of various forms. physical education preschoolers. The variety of equipment and aids makes it possible to use it productively in various types of physical education classes, while creating their variable content for the development of the arbitrariness of children's movements, their independence and creative ideas.

It is necessary that the equipment (dimensions, dimensions and weight of items) correspond to age characteristics children and their anthropometric indicators. The number of equipment is determined from the calculation active participation all children in the process of various forms of physical activity. The dimensions and weight of portable equipment should be commensurate with the capabilities of children.

One of the important requirements for the selection of equipment is to ensure the safety of children when using it. Each allowance must be stable and durable. In order to provide insurance, prevent injuries in children during physical education classes, it is necessary to have good fastenings and gymnastic mats.

The materials from which the equipment is made must meet hygiene requirements, be environmentally friendly and durable.

A variety of shapes, colors of physical education equipment should contribute to the education artistic taste in children. Delicate pastel colors are most preferred for painting equipment.

It is advisable to complete the equipment in accordance with different types of movements, physical exercises, outdoor and sports games. With the help of equipment and aids, the correct implementation of various sets of physical exercises (general developmental, exercises in the main types of movements), as well as the targeted formation of various physical qualities (agility, flexibility, strength, endurance, speed and speed-strength qualities) should be ensured.

Most of the physical education aids are used by children in the process of performing physical exercises and outdoor games. Therefore, equipment sets should include the most various items: large-sized (gymnastic benches, ladders, booms, etc.), portable and stationary, made of different materials (wood, rubber, plastic, etc.), small (rubber rings, balls, balls, hoops, etc. ).

The presence of a variety of equipment in sets is due to the specifics of the construction and content of different types of physical education classes (morning exercises, corrective exercises after a daytime sleep, physical education classes, games and exercises outdoors and indoors, physical culture leisure and holidays).

Due to the fact that preschool institutions have to provide for themselves necessary equipment when choosing it, it is important to take into account the recommendations that are quite fully disclosed in the annotated list of T. I. Osokina, E. A. Timofeeva, M. A. Runova “Physical and sports and gaming equipment for preschool educational institutions”, Moscow, “Mosaic-Synthesis ", 1999.

When selecting sports equipment, it is essential to take into account the characteristics of the physical development of children and the age stages of the formation of motor skills. Therefore, in the proposed manual, the equipment is selected in accordance with age groups. In addition, for most items of physical education equipment, sizes are indicated that correspond to the main parameters of the age development of children.

For the rational organization of the motor activity of preschool children, it is important to pay attention to the placement of equipment at the place of its use (for certain conditions). We offer indicative list physical culture equipment for group rooms and gym.

2.1 First junior group

Children of the third year of life are very active, they try to act independently, making a wide variety of movements using different aids (walking on a bench, climbing and crawling under a table, chairs, rolling a ball, ball, throwing a ball and various objects, walking on a limited support while maintaining balance and etc.).

Independent physical activity of children 2-3 years old is associated with playing with various objects and toys. Children reach for a toy, bend over, climb onto a cube, make certain efforts to get one or another object or benefit.

Essential for the development of children's motor skills is the occurrence story game. However, observations show that often in these games, babies do not move enough. Their games are sedentary in nature, so all actions with a doll, bear, bunny, etc. are performed mainly in the process of sitting, standing or walking.

The movements of a child of the 3rd year of life are not yet sufficiently formed as arbitrary, they are often chaotic and unintentional.

In the development of movements and the manifestation of their motor activity, a significant role in children is played by the ability to act on the imitation of familiar images, an adult, imitating animals, birds, vehicles, etc. Imitation movements occupy children important place in their independent activities.

You can observe how the child independently shows his motor activity in games with figurative toys. For example, a child with a bunny jumps, runs away from a wolf, crawls under arcs, hides in a tunnel, etc. Kids try to imitate the actions of an adult, but at the same time they do not adhere to a precisely given form of movement. For them, the main thing is to repeatedly independently repeat movements and actions, while feeling great joy.

Significantly increases the motor activity of children aged 2-3 years in the process of games with the use of physical education aids. Their actions with benefits are quite simple, they usually beat them. For example, a child takes a hoop lying on the floor, sits in it, imagining that it is a house, then runs to the fox and sits down with it. Then he takes a bunny, a bear, etc. and again puts them in his “house”, etc. Another child can use the hoop as a steering wheel of a car. From a rope, jump rope, children can also build a house (lay a circle on the floor), build a fence from gymnastic sticks, while using actions such as stepping over, crawling.

If we analyze the actions of the child, we can see that they are performed in various combinations and space-time relations ( different direction, speed, pace, etc.). It is important for the teacher to find a rational combination of benefits and movements, to prevent their monotony. In such conditions, children quickly develop the ability to transfer already well-known movements to a new environment. In the process of managing the motor activity of children, attention should be paid to what children are doing and, if necessary, switch them from one type of activity to another. Given the rapid fatigue younger preschoolers from monotonous movements and postures, their inability to regulate their motor activity, it is important to constantly monitor the change of movements and their alternation with rest.

Two-three-year-old children love to run errands for adults, so you need to involve the kids more often in the arrangement and cleaning of benefits.

The teacher should support the interest of children in different physical education aids by introducing novelty into their use (introducing a new aid, rearranging it from one place to another, complicating a motor task with the same aid). In order for each child aged 2 to 3 years old to show his physical activity in different types of activities, it is necessary to have a sufficient set of physical education equipment in the group.

2.1.1

IN group room you should free up space, arrange the equipment appropriately, giving the kids free use different toys and benefits that stimulate their physical activity.

All benefits should be available to children, encourage them to do everything that is feasible and interesting for them. To do this, we advise you to place some small aids (rubber rings, balls, massage balls, etc.) on a hanging shelf so that the child cannot get them from the floor.

A stable box or cube (10-15 cm high) should be placed under the shelf, on which the child can stand up and take the object of interest to him.

In order to increase the motor activity of children, it is advisable to place favorite toys (bunny, bear, fox) on large benefits (gymnastic ladder, etc.).

It is important to place physical education aids in such a way that they contribute to the manifestation of physical activity of children.

So, next to the puppet corner, you can put motor toys (cars, carts). Large physical education equipment requires a lot of space, so it is better to arrange it along one free wall. Teachers should remember that kids quickly lose interest in the same manual. Therefore, it is undesirable to keep all available manuals in the group room. It is better to introduce them gradually, alternating them. Small aids should be kept in open drawers so that children can use them freely.

2.2 Second junior group

The motor activity of children of the 4th year of life is characterized by high level independence of action with various items and physical education aids (ball, hoop, rubber rings, etc.), as they already have the necessary motor experience. Children's movements are more varied and coordinated.

In children in the fourth year of life, elementary skills of joint motor and play activities are formed. In independent activities, children begin to use more and more different exercises in walking, running, jumping, throwing and catching a ball, crawling and climbing. Children of younger preschool age are characterized by imitative activity. This is explained by the fact that the motor experience accumulated by the child allows him to control his movements, focusing on the model.

In the second younger group, the plots of outdoor games become more diverse. However, their main content continues to be the reproduction of the actions of animals, birds, the movement of vehicles various kinds, substantive activity of people.

Showing independent motor activity, children of the 4th year of life perform rather complex movements (climb the hill and run down it, crawl under different objects, etc.) and combinations of different movements (rolling the ball along the “track” and running after it, jumping up, trying to catch a mosquito, etc.). In connection with the increasing independence, children are able to navigate in space, the coordination of their actions in the team improves. At the same time, children of this age are still rapidly losing interest in the same toy, manual, this or that movement.

The educator needs to constantly maintain interest in movements using physical education aids, introducing different variants actions with them (tossing the ball and catching, hitting the floor, wall, rolling the ball, etc.).

By the age of four, children are already able to independently unite in a small group to perform game exercises using various aids and objects.

However, most children find it difficult to choose games and may long time is in a dormant state. They need help from a teacher.

In the independent motor activity of children of primary preschool age, one can see games of different mobility (with a ball, with a rope, with a hoop, with plot toys).

By the age of four, children develop various types of children's activities, which contributes to a significant increase in physical activity per day of their stay in kindergarten.

One of the means of increasing the motor activity of children is motor improvisation to music. Great joy is brought to children by such movements as stamping, whirling, various jumps. Therefore, you should use more musical accompaniment in different types of physical education classes.

A favorable environment contributes to an increase in the motor activity of babies: a lot free space in the group, a wide variety of objects and toys, the direct participation of the educator in outdoor games and exercises.

2.2.1 Placement of sports equipment

To store physical education aids in group rooms, sectional furniture with drawers or a trolley "Physical Education Corner" can be used.

In children, the second junior group interest in the same allowance is rapidly declining, therefore we advise you to constantly update it (rearranging it from one place to another, introducing a new allowance, etc.).

Large equipment requires a lot of space, so it is better to place it along the walls.

Small exercise equipment (massage balls, balls, rubber rings, etc.) should be kept in baskets or open drawers so that children can use them freely.

2.3 middle group

The age period of children from 4 to 5 years is characterized by further development different forms of physical activity, which is largely due to their sufficient stock of skills and abilities, good spatial orientation, the desire to perform movements together, in small groups. Children of this age are interested in the most complex movements and motor tasks that require speed, dexterity and accuracy of their implementation.

Children of the 5th year of life are proficient in in general terms all kinds of basic movements. They have a great need for motor improvisations to music. The growing motor imagination at this age becomes one of the incentives for increasing the motor activity of children through well-mastered methods of action with various aids. Sufficiently high physical activity of children is manifested in outdoor games, which form their responsibility for the implementation of the rules and the achievement of a certain result. Children should be encouraged to organize themselves by the end of the year. outdoor games with a small group of peers.

The creation of a favorable environment (organization of free space for games, rational selection of physical education equipment, encouragement of individual games with aids) remains one of the ways to increase the physical activity of children in the middle group.

2.3.1 Placement of sports equipment

In this age group it is necessary to have a "Physical Culture Corner" - a trolley on wheels. It contains short gymnastic sticks, geometric shapes, massage balls, flat hoops, rings. "Physical culture corner" is located in the corner of the room.

Aids such as balls of different sizes, weight balls, sets (serso, skittles, ring toss, cords) should be stored in open form in boxes along the wall.

It is important to place gymnastic modules and balls against walls where there are no batteries.

In the middle group, it is good to have a wooden wall (height 150 cm) for the formation of the correct posture, located near the front door of the group.

In order to develop children's interest in different types of exercises using aids, some items and aids should be stored in the pantry, which allows you to update the material in the group.

2.4 Senior and preparatory groups

Senior preschool age is the most important period for the formation of motor activity. Children 5-7 years old are active, skillfully use their locomotive apparatus. Their movements are quite coordinated and precise. Motor activity becomes more and more purposeful and dependent on emotional state children and from the motives that guide them in their activities. Self-reliance, self-confidence, a sense of satisfaction are good incentive for the development of purposeful motor activity.

Older preschoolers master complex types of movements and methods of execution, as well as some elements of technology. They are able to receive satisfaction as a result of successfully achieving the goal and overcoming difficulties. Children of this age tend to wide circle special knowledge, the ability to analyze their actions, change and rebuild them depending on the situation.

For older preschoolers, it is necessary to create variable complicated conditions for performing various types of physical exercises using manuals.

Overcoming an obstacle course (composed of various manuals), children are forced to apply their motor skills and show resourcefulness, determination, courage and independence.

In the sixth year of life, children develop an interest in outdoor games and sports activities (basketball, badminton, tennis, skiing, cycling). Children are already able to solve motor problems, obeying certain rules and apply previously learned movements in accordance with game situations.

2.4.1 Placement of sports equipment

The main set of equipment and manuals is located in the gym, as different types of physical education classes are mainly held in it.

It is advisable to store equipment for sports games in a sectional cabinet or in closed boxes. Hoops, jump ropes, cords are recommended to be placed on the hooks of one free wall in the group.

Physical education equipment is located in the group so that children can freely approach it and use it.

2.5 Equipment for the gym

Most of the sports equipment is located in the sports and sports and music halls. The efficiency of using equipment is significantly increased with its rational placement. The arrangement of different items of equipment depends on their dimensions and purpose. The gymnastic wall is installed permanently, firmly attached to the wall. It is advisable to purchase it from additional benefits: ladder with hooks, boards, slide-slope. Ropes, poles, rope ladders are fixed on the ceiling with special devices: hooks, monorail, etc.

Large items of equipment (soft modules, gymnastic benches, booms, cubes, etc.) are placed along the walls of the room.

For boards, ladders with hooks, a place is provided where they can be hung or laid in such a way as not to interfere with children's physical activity.

It is advisable to store small physical education equipment (balls, rings, bags with loads, cubes, maces, etc.) in sectional cabinets, on special shelves, racks, in drawers located also along the walls of the gym. Hoops, cords, ropes are best placed on the walls in different places hall on special hooks.

For stretching nets (for ball games), pulling cords, rubber bands (for hanging small items, for crawling, jumping) fastenings in the form of brackets and clamps are convenient. They should be placed in pairs at different levels of opposite walls.

It is desirable to have a mobile "Physical Education Corner" - a trolley with various aids: flat hoops, rubber rings, geometric shapes, etc.

The equipment must be located in such a way that children can freely approach it and use it independently. It is advisable to always leave the middle of the hall free for outdoor games and exercises using various manuals.

For games and physical education classes, children of the first junior group must have a basic set of physical education equipment in the group room, since in large numbers groups of kids rarely get to classes in the gym. In addition, equipment for toddlers is not always suitable. To store portable equipment, small playing aids, it is desirable to have an additional room located near the gym, which will free up space for children's physical activity.

If space is available, create Gym, where children's simulators of a complex and simple type will be located. For outdoor games in the hall, it is necessary to have a mobile sports corner, a game labyrinth, a "Parachute", a mini-stadium.

Approximate set of equipment for a gym

Type of equipment	Name	Dimensions, weight	Qty per group
For walking, running, balance	Different types of balancers
	Beam gymnastic floor	Length 240 cm Width upper surface 10cm Height 15cm
	The board is smooth with hooks	Length 250cm Width 20cm Height 3cm
	Ribbed board	Length 150 cm Width 20 cm Height 3 cm
	Track-balancer (ladder rope floor)	Length 23 cm Width 33 cm Lath diameter 5 cm
	Snake track (rope)	Length 200 cm Diameter 6 cm
	Massage mat
	Small wooden cube	Rib 20 cm
	Soft module (set of 6-8 segments)
	Gymnastic bench	Length 200-300 cm Width 24 cm Height 25, 30, 40 cm
For jumping	Trampoline for children	Diameter 100-120 cm
	Gymnastic set: hoops, slats, sticks, stands, clamps
	Disc flat	Diameter 23 cm Height 3 cm
	track mat	Length 180 cm
	Goat gymnastic	Height 65 cm Length 40 cm Width 30 cm
	cone with holes
	Folding gymnastic mat	Length 200 cm Width 100 cm Height 7 cm
	Mat with markings	Length 190 cm Width 138 cm Height 10 m
	Short rope	Length 120-150 cm
For rolling, throwing, catching	Skittles (set)
	Ring toss (set)
	Small cargo bag	Weight 150-200 g
	Hinged target	Length 60 cm Width 60 cm Thickness 1.5 cm
	Ball average
	The ball is weighted (stuffed)	Weight 0.5 kg, 1.0 kg
	Ball for mini basketball
	Massage ball	Diameter 6-7 cm, 10 cm
	Set for children's sports games (bag)
For crawling and climbing	Large arc	Height 50 cm, Width 50 cm
	Small arc	Height 30-40 cm, Width 50 cm
	Rope with knots	Length 230 cm Diameter 2.6 cm Dist. between knots 38 cm
	Rope is smooth
	Wooden ladder with hooks	Length 240 cm, Width 40 cm Crossbar diameter 3 cm Dist. between switches. 22-25 cm
	Game maze (6 sections)
	Rope ladder	Length 270-300 cm Width 40 cm Crossbar diameter 3 cm
	Wooden gymnastic wall	Height 270 cm Bay width 75, 80, 90 cm
For general developmental exercises	Simulators of the simplest type: children's expanders, the Health disk, dumbbells, kettlebells
	Ring flat	Diameter 18cm
	Soft ring	Diameter 13cm
	Ribbon short	Length 50-60 cm
	Massagers are different: "Hummingbird", massage ball, "Ring"
	Ball small
	The ball is weighted (stuffed)	Weight 0.3 kg,
	Hoop small	Diameter 54-60 cm
	Short gymnastic stick	Length 75-80 cm

2.6 ABOUTsports ground equipment

The gym is intended for special classes And sports exercises older children. The size of the playground is set at the rate of 1 m2 per child (total area not less than 250 m2). It is advisable to locate it closer to the sites of older groups. This will make it possible to use it not only for organized events, but also for independent games of children in small groups (bast shoes, tags, volleyball, etc.).

A treadmill is arranged along the perimeter of the site, it can be straight or closed, and manuals for exercises in basic movements are placed along the edges. Most of the site should remain free: it is needed for collective outdoor games, sports and gymnastic exercises. In order for children to exercise as much as possible during classes, it is necessary to have such aids on the sports ground that several children can use at the same time (for example, a gymnastic wall for 6-8 spans, 2-3 logs, several targets for throwing).

Physical education equipment should be appropriate for the age of children and be as comprehensive as possible, i.e. be used for different exercises(for example, a volleyball net or a rope for crawling exercises can be pulled between the jumping posts, etc.).

For exercises in long and high jumps, a runway is arranged along the edge of the site (length - 8 - 10 m, width - 1.5 - 2 m; direction - from south to north so that the sun does not blind your eyes) . At the end of the track, a landing pit is arranged (length - 3 m, width - 1.5 - 2 m, depth - 30 - 40 cm). From the inside, the walls of the pit are edged with boards lowered 1–2 cm below its edge and fixed with pegs. A pit slightly above the sides is filled with fine-grained sand mixed with sawdust. At a distance of 20-30 cm from the pit, a repulsion bar is laid and fixed at the same level with the ground (width - 20 cm). For high jumps with a running start, racks are installed at the edge of the pit (behind the bar), and the rope is pulled.

For climbing exercises, you can install a gymnastic ladder in 6--8 spans (height from the ground - 3--3.5 m, span width - 65 cm, distance between the rungs - 20--25 cm) or a portable tower made of metal pipes (total height - 2.5 m, width - 3 m, number of spans - 5, distance between the rungs - 20 cm).

For balance exercises, logs are convenient (length - 3m, diameter - 20 cm). They are installed at different heights (for example, the first and third - at a height of 25 cm, and the middle one - 40 cm, all three logs are adjacent to each other; or the first log is installed obliquely to a log lying parallel to the surface at a height of 40 cm, and etc.). On the site there should be different in design allowances made of logs.

Special targets are used for throwing at the target. These can be hinged shields - targets adjacent to the gymnastic wall or mounted separately on a rack.

In order to be able to play volleyball and badminton, posts must be installed along the long sides of the site, between which the net will be stretched. Its height for playing volleyball should be equal to the height of the child with his hand raised up, for playing badminton - 120 cm.

You can also highlight the basketball court (13x7 m). On her short sides poles are installed, shields are strengthened on them (length - 120 cm, height - 90 cm) with mesh baskets (diameter - 45 cm). Height top edge grids - 180--200 cm.

On the territory of the kindergarten there should be a circular path (the width of the path is 2–2.5 m, the length is 100–150 m) with a dividing strip in the middle for children to ride on pedal cars, scooters, bicycles.

conclusions

Firstly, the more aids and equipment, the more children can be included in the process of performing the movement at the same time.

Secondly, the more diverse the equipment, the more motor skills, reactions, skills are formed and mastered in the process of completing the task.

Thirdly, the use of a variety of equipment contributes not only to the satisfaction of the child's motor activity, but also affects its comprehensive development.

When exercising with the use of physical education equipment, the child learns to navigate in space; fine motor skills are improved; brought up positive traits: such as courage, agility, endurance; a sense of collectivism, mutual assistance, etc. develops.

In classes organized with the use of physical education equipment, the child will quickly satisfy their motor needs, experience a sense of joy when working with an object, show genuine interest in the task, trying to complete it as best as possible. It's no secret that "a healthy mind in a healthy body" i.e. how more groups muscles are involved with the help of physical education equipment, the stronger the healing, hardening effect on the body as a whole.

3 . The use of non-traditional equipment on the sports ground, in the gym and onarea of the kindergarten

One of the priority tasks formation of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children is to create motivation, training and instilling healthy lifestyle skills in preschool children.

Modern educator is a creative worker, a master of his craft, an innovator, leading a healthy lifestyle, who uses the latest methodological developments in his work.

An important direction in the formation in children, the basis of a healthy lifestyle is a properly organized subject-spatial environment, first of all, it is a motor subject-developing environment. It should be of a developing nature, be diverse, dynamic, transformable, multifunctional, for this in our kindergarten we use non-standard sports equipment made by ourselves, because new sports equipment is always an additional incentive to activate physical culture and health work.

At designing a subject-spatial environment that contributes to the formation of a healthy lifestyle for preschool children, one should proceed from the need to take into account the following factors:

· individual socio-psychological characteristics of the child;

Features of his emotional and personal development;

individual interests, inclinations, preferences and needs.

Games with non-standard physical culture equipment.

Physical education class using non-standard physical education equipment.

The main task of preschool institutions is to improve, ensure the versatile physical development of the child, the kindergarten has certain ones that allow you to fully engage in the improvement of preschoolers. These are tempering procedures in groups, breathing exercises and acupressure, morning exercises, physical education classes and a swimming pool, sports holidays and entertainment, health days, various circles.

Physical activity is a natural need of the human body. Special meaning movements are in preschool age. Creating interest in exercise, providing a more differentiated approach to the selection of movements, increasing motor activity is facilitated by the use of non-standard equipment. The appropriate selection and rational use of such equipment and aids contributes to the motor sphere of preschoolers, the formation of a variety of motor skills, the development of physical qualities and creativity, education of moral and volitional qualities, increasing interest in various sports games and physical exercises. Along with this, tasks aimed at strengthening the health of children and their full psychophysical development are being solved.

Preschool children are very fond of non-traditional sports and play equipment. It is one thing to do exercises to “maintain health”, and quite another to help fairy-tale characters, overcome obstacles, and participate in a story game.

Non-standard equipment is used in all types of children's activities - both in organized (physical education classes, morning exercises, etc.), and in independent, free (rest, individual sessions and games).

They allow you to increase the motor activity of the child, facilitate adaptation, develop basic movements, support positive emotions, diversify game activities, increase the level of the educational process, develop each child taking into account his interests and desires.

Performing sets of exercises of general developmental impact with various aids and objects (milk bottles, “Rainbow”, cones, wooden spoons) has a huge impact on the development of different muscle groups and the strengthening of muscle tone.

To do this, in all groups of the kindergarten there are corners equipped with home-made sports equipment that helps in correcting posture and flat feet. A track for foot correction is laid out next to the bedroom. And the children, waking up after a daytime sleep, pass through it once or twice. It consists of several rugs: sharp rugs from synthetic materials, which are fashionable today to put in front of the front door or in the bathroom, a rug with sewn rows of buttons and a rug with sewn rows of plastic bottle caps.

· “Wicker path” the path is woven from a cord using the macrame method, the rings are tied with yarn and all this is sewn onto the paws of the “octopus”.

· The exercise machine for development of foot and training of feeling of balance represents a wooden board. WITH front side“traces” of a child's foot are drawn on the board, and a round wooden roller is attached to the back. The task of a child standing on such a simulator is to try to maintain balance on a swinging board.

· “Bags with pebbles” pebbles are poured into a linen bag - pebbles.

· “Massage rugs” are rugs made of carpet, knitted with spikes, with rings, balls; used in the form of a track and separately, in the classroom and in Everyday life, including for exercise after daytime sleep.

All of these materials are used in the classroom. In the water part, children are invited to walk along the massagers, located singly or in a path of one or two parallel lines. General developmental exercises include separate exercises with massagers (“Wicker path”; “Bags with pebbles”). When performing basic movements in a streaming and group way, these exercises are used as intermediate ones.

In the process of performing different types of exercises using non-standard equipment, children develop motor skills:

· "Track - snake" consisting of foam bars connected in the form of a broken line; used to develop dexterity, consolidate balance skills, jumping, climbing;

· “Path - ladder” is a strip of foam rubber, sheathed with leatherette; used for exercises of different types of walking, running, jumping, climbing, throwing.

It is no secret that in kindergarten and at home, children spend most of their time in a static position (at tables, watching TV, etc.). This increases the static load on certain muscle groups and causes them to fatigue. The strength and performance of skeletal muscles are reduced, which entails a violation of posture, flat feet, a delay in age-related development, speed, agility, coordination of movements, endurance, flexibility and strength.

Recently, the number of children with musculoskeletal disorders has increased in kindergarten. Main purpose physical education-- movement and active rest, which should help children get rid of the syndrome of physical inactivity.

Unfortunately, in kindergartens there are still children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system: stooping, sluggish posture, flattened feet, and valgus position of the heels.

In the process of body growth, for various unfavorable reasons, deformations of the spine, legs and feet may occur.

As Hippocrates stated, "The foot is the foundation on which the building stands - our body," and therefore completely non-standard equipment for the prevention of flat feet was introduced in the kindergarten, preschoolers must walk barefoot on various surfaces.

Performing exercises with manuals and didactic equipment increases interest in classes, improves the quality of their performance.

Unfortunately, today's children "with a foundation" have more and more problems.

The foot can be compared with a map of the whole organism: there are no muscles, glands, organs that would not have their “representation” on it.

A modern child does not have the opportunity to walk on an uneven surface, which means that they are not irritated, numerous nerve endings located on the foot. That is why in a physical education class, preschoolers must walk barefoot on different surfaces. physical culture equipment group children's

Such an opportunity is provided, in particular, by the simple manufacture of the “Octopussy”. It is used for the prevention of flat feet in physical education classes and in individual work.

Children of preschool age with great pleasure are engaged in non-traditional sports and gaming equipment. In the process of performing motor tasks, children gain knowledge about the properties of various objects and aids (shape, color, weight, quality of material), get acquainted with the features of movement in space, with the directions of movement. It should be noted the positive role of the use of non-standard equipment in outdoor games and exercises (“Tent”, “Lapotochki”) for the perception of space and time by preschoolers, including for the formation of skills and abilities of orientation in the environment. The harmony of the combination of various forms, colors of different manuals causes positive emotions in children. Rational physical activity of children in a variety of conditions of the physical culture and game environment forms in children the habit of regular physical education.

Children in physical education classes should be, first of all, interesting.

Not the last role in creating an exciting atmosphere of the lesson is played by equipment, especially non-standard ones.

Performing exercises with manuals and didactic equipment increases interest in classes, improves the quality of exercises, and contributes to the formation of correct posture. Therefore, the developed abstracts of classes and entertainment using non-standard physical education equipment made by oneself are successfully applied in practice.

In each age group of the kindergarten, a sports corner or a health corner has been created, where, in an accessible place for children, there are aids for the development of physical activity. This is factory-made sports equipment, but mostly it is non-standard, made by teachers. Here you can see various massage and ribbed tracks for the prevention of flat feet, ring throwers, soft targets, colorful flags, ribbons, sultans and much more.

This will help turn ordinary activities into an interesting game.

Goals:

Non-standard equipment allows to form motor skills and abilities more quickly and efficiently, promotes an increase in interest in physical education.

Tasks:

Develop motor skills and abilities.

Arouse children's interest in the use of non-traditional equipment in the classroom and in free types activities.

Introduce children to a healthy lifestyle.

· Development of creativity, fantasy when using non-traditional equipment.

· To promote the development of a culture of movement and bodily reflection.

Types of non-standard equipment : standard; non-standard.

Application :

· Houses; in the courtyard; in Group; in the gym.

The effectiveness of the classes is influenced by high-quality and deeply thought-out preliminary work on the preparation of all the necessary manuals and equipment that will help to conduct the complex in a lively, emotionally, interesting way. Saturation of the gym space with inexpensive, non-standard, multifunctional equipment and inventory that meets hygienic, anatomical and physiological, mental, aesthetic, ergonomic and other requirements.

Games with non-standard equipment.

· « fun tracks »:

a) "Don't get your feet wet" - Jr. age - walking in the forward direction at the signal of the teacher or parents.

· b) "Do not fall" - older and younger age - walking on a rope in the forward direction on the left foot and sideways on the heels, on the toes, in the middle of the foot.

· « Multi-level racks »:

a) "Jump-back" - jumping on two legs over the crossbar in height.

b) “Climb-not back” - crawling under the crossbar (can be used in relay races for speed).

c) “Do not touch the rope” - in relay races, running with a snake at the signal of a teacher or parents.

· « Tunnel "- a large piece of fabric is sewn so that a "pipe" is formed into which hoops can be inserted from both sides. Can be used in relay races (speed climbing)

· « funny clown »:

a) “Hello everyone” - younger age - crawl on all fours under the clown and shake his hand.

b) "Say hello to the clown" - older age - crawling in the forward direction, right and left side.

Games with non-standard equipment "Parachute"

"WAVE" Alternately raising and lowering the arms to make waves.

"CAROUSEL" Holding on to the handles of the parachute, they walk in a circle, saying the words "Barely, barely, the carousels spun ..."

“THE SEA WAVES…” Holding on to the handles of the parachute, they make movements with their hands, depicting waves. After the words "Sea figure freeze ..." make some figure without releasing the parachute. For complication: a figure on one leg.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Similar Documents