Program thematic planning spiritually moral in dhow. Education of pupils of MBDOU. Luhansk Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education
MBDOU "Kindergarten" Sun "
The Origins program
Spiritual and moral education
for children 5-7 years old
Developed by: Educator senior group
O.V. Bazhenov
2016
“There is no higher art,
as the art of education.
A wise educator creates a living image,
looking at which God and people rejoice. "
St. John Chrysostom
Explanatory note
The program for the stabilization and development of education in Russia puts forward the task of developing spiritual and moral values among the younger generation as one of the priority tasks of the educational system at all its levels. The experience of recent years in the development of Russia has shown that in the conditions of modern freedom of choice, one cannot count on success in raising children, relying only on the state, or only on public institutions, primarily on schools and kindergartens, or only on the family. And the point is not that the Russian state or the Russian education system aims to educate an immoral, cruel, illegitimate young generation, but that in conditions of borrowing from the West its characteristic models and guidelines - calculation, individualism, competition, acquisition - it grows just like that. And here hopes for the controlling role of the state, laws and codes are in vain. It all starts with a person, with his upbringing, with his inner world.
Man is a spiritual being, he strives not only for physical development, but also for spiritual development... To unite in oneself the personal and the national, the earthly and the heavenly, the bodily and the spiritual - this is a natural human need, called into this world.
In society, the measure of understanding of what to achieve is increasing social peace in the country, high morality and culture, full patriotic consciousness people can only work together - family, kindergarten, school and church.
Rector of the Russian Orthodox University of St. John the Theologian, Archimandrite John (Ekonomtsev) emphasizes: “We must not allow the spiritual, cultural and physical destruction of our people. Children and youth urgently need spiritual and moral education and upbringing ”.
In our time, it is especially obvious that without spirituality, which Orthodoxy brings with it, we cannot survive, we cannot find harmony in society. It hurts that compassion and sympathy disappear from our souls - Eternal values... The Orthodox pedagogical tradition in Russia has been developing for ten centuries, and its basic foundation has always been love for people, so the problem of violence did not arise as such.
Russian Orthodoxy traditionally sees the meaning of education in the spiritual enlightenment and upbringing of a person. The strength of Orthodoxy lies in the priority of spiritual values over material wealth, in an undistorted spiritual outlook and the purpose of man. Spirituality understands how the value dimension of the higher principles: goodness, love, truth, truth, beauty, life, humanity, sympathy, as the priority of such values as the Motherland, family, duty, feat. They should become the norms of our life, and the life of children.
The problem of spiritual moral education it is necessary to decide already in preschool age, as the most emotional and receptive period of childhood, when “hearts are open to virtue”. It is known that the basis of spiritual and moral education is the culture of society, family and educational institution - the environment in which the child lives, in which the formation and development takes place. Culture is, first of all, a system of values enshrined in traditions. It is necessary for the satisfaction of spiritual needs and the search for higher values. Amazing and mysterious phenomenon folk culture- holidays and ceremonies. If the soul of the people is hidden in the holidays, then in holidays it is revealed.
Professor I.M. Snegirev wrote that folk holidays with all the rituals, songs and games related to them are the strongest and most abundant source of knowledge of folk life. Indeed, they have not only beauty and poetry, relaxation and fun, legends and legends, but there are also hidden stories that you can see if you wish.
Church holidays have always been especially revered by the Russian people. Orthodox holidays are also part of our history, our Orthodox culture, our life - everything without which we are not complete, not whole.
Spiritual and moral education of the younger generation is considered in the "Concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia" dated 05.11.2008.
The concept was developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Education in Russian Federation»Based on the annual messages of the President of Russia to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.
It is gratifying that at the present time, when the process of the spiritual revival of Russia has begun, on January 1, 2014, the Federal State Educational Standard of Preschool Education came into force, which consolidated the priority of the spiritual and moral education of preschool children.
So in the General Provisions it is noted that one of the basic principles of preschool education is to familiarize children with socio-cultural norms, traditions of the family, society and the state.
One of the tasks of the educational standard is to combine teaching and upbringing into a holistic educational process based on spiritual, moral and sociocultural values and the rules and norms of behavior adopted in society in the interests of a person, family, society.
Children should be based on the values of Orthodox culture in their attitude to their parents, relatives, native land, native nature, to their Fatherland.
The first experience of a child's intellectual acquaintance with the traditions of Orthodoxy is possible after the age of 4 years. Psychologically, this is due to the child's experience of a three-year-old crisis and the appearance of the first manifestations of the child's volitional behavior. Having learned to navigate and act in the objective environment, the child begins to perceive himself and his immediate environment differently.
Orthodox education does not contradict the tasks of secular education, established by the state standard, but enriches and complements the pedagogical process unique traditions Russian pedagogy and brings a special spirituality to the life of the kindergarten. We proceed from the premise that children should be happy. Have an orthodox person there are special reasons for joy, and we, teachers, reveal them to children. We know there is a God who loves us. We know there is no death. We know we are protected by angels. The world created by God is beautiful. And this world can and should be decorated good deeds both adults and children. It is necessary to convey these truths to the understanding of the child at the very beginning of his life path... He must not be allowed to wander in this world, falling into sin and despondency. The main, fundamental difference between the study of Orthodox culture and religious education consists in the fact that the occupation of Orthodox culture presupposes the acquisition of a certain amount of knowledge about Orthodoxy, while religious, Orthodox education presupposes concrete participation in church life. Teaching a child the basics of Orthodox culture, taking into account the formation of the structure of his self-consciousness, will help solve the problem of interiorization of the spiritual experience of mankind in accordance with the individual trajectory of personality development. Moreover, religious culture has an additional potential to promote the development of the structure of self-consciousness, which cannot be provided by a non-religious culture. Content based on Orthodox culture makes it possible to implement the holistic spiritual and moral development of preschool children in the process of studying in different types children's activities and solve teaching, educational and developmental tasks.
Russia is currently going through one of the most difficult historical periods. And the greatest danger that lies in wait for our society today is not in the economic crisis, not in the change of the political system, but in the destruction of the personality. Nowadays, material values dominate spiritual ones, therefore, children's ideas about kindness, mercy, generosity, justice, citizenship and patriotism are distorted. The high level of juvenile delinquency is caused by a general increase in aggression and cruelty in society.
If you plan the educational process, referring to the spiritual and moral traditions of domestic education and upbringing, this will significantly increase the effectiveness of educational work on the spiritual and moral development of students, increase the competence of teachers, students, parents, expand the educational space and provide an active access to society.
In older preschool age, the beginning of a conscious perception of the world occurs. Therefore, this age is one of the favorable periods of upbringing, in which the basic principles of a humane life are laid.
The system of spiritual and moral education includesthe following directions:
- formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle;
- the formation of the spirituality of preschoolers through their attitude to literature, the media;
- aesthetic development of children;
- family and preschool cooperation
- appeal to the spiritual and moral traditions and values of their people.
The program of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers is a purposeful educational process and presupposes a certain system of content, forms, methods and techniques of pedagogical actions. A special place is given to the family, as the child's first mentor, as well as collectively creative activity, which contributes to the redirection of the preschooler's energy from a destructive direction to a constructive one.
Objectives of the program.
1. Education of the spiritual and moral personality of the child, through familiarizing preschoolers with the basics of Orthodox culture.
2.. Knowledge of family traditions, history and culture of their land, Fatherland.
3. Decrease in the level of aggressiveness.
4. Increasing the intellectual and creative potential and active motivation of pupils.
Tasks:
Integration of the content of spiritual and moral education in the play and creative activities of children;
Formation of spiritual and moral feelings based on the study of the culture of the country and native land;
Enrichment of the vocabulary of children in the process of spiritual and moral education and dialogical communication;
Education of a spiritual and moral personality with an active life position, the ability to perfection and harmonious interaction with other people;
- Fostering interest and love for Russian national culture, folk art, customs, traditions, rituals, folk calendar, to folk games;
Formation of feelings in pupils dignity as a representative of their people and a tolerant attitude towards representatives of other nationalities;
Creation of conditions for the implementation of the main directions of the Federal State Educational Standard of preschool education, achievement of the targets of preschool education.
Forms of work on spiritual and moral education with children:
A series of classes called "Lessons of Kindness", the purpose of which is to foster moral values and knowledge of oneself in the world of people.
Acquaintance with calendar Orthodox and folk holidays and holding some of them (Christmastide, Maslenitsa, Easter)
Thematic exhibitions children's creativity.
Acquaintance of children with the life of Orthodox saints and defenders of the Russian land, as an example of high spirituality and morality, patriotism in the form of a story with the use of video films, children's literature before the memory of the saint as a separate lesson or as part of a lesson to familiarize with others before Defender of the Fatherland Day, Victory Day ...
Excursions to the temple in order to get acquainted with the peculiarities of architecture, internal structure, iconography;
Excursions to nature (the beauty of God's world);
Listening to bell and sacred music in thematic music lessons using appropriate recordings;
Performances of sketches on moral themes (about forgiveness, about hard work, about respect for elders).
Thus, the program has severaldirections of work.
1. Spiritual and educational (classes, conversations, oral teachings).
2. Educational and recreational (holidays, active and edifying games, role-playing and construction, walks, excursions, hikes).
3. Cultural and educational (meetings, targeted walks, excursions, watching films).
4. Moral and labor (self-service work, cleaning the group and territory, work according to interests, productive activity, making gifts for the holidays)
Program type: educational.
The program is secular in its focus and has an integrated character, which ensures its relationship with the main directions of education and training of preschool children: the formation of ecological thinking, local history, the basics of logical thinking, ecology. interpersonal relationships, artistic - aesthetic and patriotic education, native speech, healthy lifestyle.
The program is compiled taking into account interdisciplinary connections by areas:
Cognition. Classes, observations, excursions, targeted walks, conversations, games are held.
Socialization, where didactic, plot-based role-playing games are used; guided tours, visits to museums, labor.
Artistic creation, where paintings about nature are used according to the seasons, various products are made in accordance with the theme of the classes. Exhibitions of children's creativity, master classes are held.
Fiction, where cognitive works are used (fairy tales, parables, poems, legends, legends); examination of illustrations, pictures.
Music, where musical works are used in accordance with the topic of the lesson; holidays are held (including folklore, festivals, musical games).
Physical culture, where outdoor games, entertainment, sports events, leisure activities are held.
Distinctive features: the content of this program covers a very wide range of activities of preschool children, taking into account the curriculum of the preschool educational institution.
Conditions for the implementation of the program.
This program is designed for children aged 5 to 7 years. Classes are held for nine months from September to May, once a week. Duration of classes: 20-25 minutes. In addition to theoretical work, the program also involves the practical consolidation of the information received. Drawing, application, creation of toys, collective panels and other types of practical work, which allow you to better remember and understand the material passed through. Watching cartoons and slides in class will help educators create vivid artistic images.
Planned results
Pupils have ideas:
About family traditions, about the peculiarities of family relations;
On spiritual and moral values;
O value attitude to a healthy lifestyle, to the world around them;
Familiar with the history and culture of their country;
They know how to protect and maintain beauty;
Show compassion, empathy, empathy, compassion;
They believe in their own strength, have a desire for selfless service for the good of the Motherland;
Strive for good and rejection of evil.
Literature.
1. The ABC of moral education: A guide for teachers. / Ed. I.A. Kairova, O.S. Bogdanova. - M .: Education, 1997;
2. Bogdanova O.S., Petrova V.I. Methodology of educational work in primary school / - M .: Education, 1980;
3. Education of the student's personality in moral activity: Method. recommendations / ohm. state ped. in-t them. Gorky. - Omsk: OGPI, 1991;
4. Davedyanova NS On the understanding of spirituality in modern society. / Orthodox pedagogy: Traditions and modernity. - Collection of lectures and reports of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University, 2000;
5. Davydova N.V. Masters: A book for reading on the history of Orthodox culture. - M .: Pokrov Publishing House, 2004;
6. Izmailova A.B. Orthodox pedagogical thought about reverence for parents (Russian folk traditions of upbringing) / Orthodox pedagogy: Traditions and modernity. - Collection of lectures and reports of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University, 2.000;
7 Hegumen Joasaph (Poluyanov) - The tasks of the Sunday school and family education. http://www.wco.ru/biblio/books/pedagog2/;
8. Karpov I.A. The ABC of moral education / M .: Education, 1979;
9. Makarenko A.S. A book for parents. / - M .: "Pedagogy", 1988;
10. Orekhov D. Holy places of Russia. -S-Pb .: Publishing house "New Prospect", 1999;
11. Orthodox culture at school: Study guide for teachers of secondary schools / January-December / M .: Pokrov Publishing House, 2004;
12. Salyakhova L.I. Desk book class teacher: personal development, learning activities, spiritual and physical health of a student. Grades 1-4.-M .: Globus, 2007;
13. Surova LV - Orthodox pedagogy as a social and spiritual phenomenon. http://pedagog.eparhia.ru/for_pedagog/;
14. Priest Alexy Uminsky - Reflections on school and children. http://www.wco.ru/biblio/books/pedagog1/;
15. Assumption Cathedral. Omsk shrine. Omsk .: Publishing house "Rus", 2007;
16. Ushinsky K.D. Pedagogical works / M .: "Pedagogy", 1988;
17. Encyclopedia of family education and training - Archpriest A.I. Malyarevsky. http://pedagog.eparhia.ru/
Approximate thematic planning of the content module “Spiritual and moral culture. Orthodox culture "for the older group
Calendar-thematic planning for spiritual and moral education
preschool children (5-6 years old)
September |
Where are our roots? " Purpose: to enrich and systematize children's ideas about family values.
Purpose: to form a sense of pride in belonging to the Russian family. 3. "The world of God is around us" Purpose: To give an idea of the world in which a person lives as a gift (gift) of God Purpose: To remember with children the definition of "Small Homeland", To develop patriotic feelings in relation to their small homeland. |
Examination of peasant and city buildings, temples
|
October |
Purpose: Raising love and respect for the mother, comparing the relationship to the children of the mother and stepmother, explain the concept of an orphan, a mother with many children. kind.
3.ISO activity: "Our Pokrov" Purpose: Arouse the desire in children to portray the impression of the holiday
Purpose: To continue acquaintance of children with the norms of Christian ethics. Teach children to listen, draw conclusions. Learn to understand what matters are | 1. Ethical conversation about mother "Mother of many children - Russian matryoshka" 2. Reading: "The Tale of Ivasik", "Kroshechka-Khavroshechka", "Mother's Heart". 3. Competition of readers "My Fair Mother".
2. Consideration of illustrations, icons about the childhood of the Virgin.
Productive activity
|
November |
Purpose: to expand and deepen the knowledge of children about icons, their distinctive features and values for Christians. Develop a cognitive interest in the process of creating icons by icon painters. Cultivate respect for images on icons
Purpose: to give children an idea of the heroes-defenders of Ancient Russia; to acquaint the heroes with the weapon; to bring up in children pride in their ancestors, to make them feel their involvement in the history of our great people.
|
Target walk Productive activity |
December |
Purpose: To enrich children's ideas about the works of Russian - folklore, using the example of familiar fairy tales to teach children to understand mores, see good and evil, distinguish between truth and fiction.
Purpose: To give children information that there is such religious holiday- Nativity of Christ, help to feel the feeling of joy from this church holiday.
Purpose: To teach to understand the characters of the characters, to perceive the originality of the plot construction. To develop the ability to distinguish the desired image according to the characteristics - the hostess and the owner. Foster a negative attitude towards laziness.
|
Acquaintance with the Russian folk tale "About Filya", the word game "Filya and Ulya".
Theatrical performance |
January |
Target: Promote the development of interest in the customs of the winter Christmastide.
Purpose: To form ideas in preschool children about Russian traditions.
Purpose: to introduce children to participate in Russian - folk holidays.
|
Joint presentations of parents and children on the Orthodox theme.
Productive activity |
February | 1.Rules for honoring and respecting elders Purpose: To reveal the concept of "respect". Reveal the qualities for which we respect people.Find and discuss proverbs and sayings about respecting elders. 2. "We meet the red spring" Purpose: To acquaint children with the ancient customs of meeting spring. 3. "What are the bells ringing about?" Purpose: To continue to acquaint children with Orthodox holidays, with their customs and traditions; To acquaint with different types of bells, with their sound; 4. "At the origins of Russian folk culture" Purpose: To continue to acquaint with the traditions of the Russian people. | Working with the material of the book for reading "The Grammar of Morality". Reading and discussion of O. Tikhomirov's excerpt "Alexander Nevsky" p. 186
|
March | 1. "Spring chores" Purpose: to give children an idea that spiritual life and nature are united in Russia in a single harmony, on which the true stands Russian art: songs, epics, omens, riddles, proverbs .. 2. Maslenitsa. Purpose: To give children an idea of the Orthodox holiday Maslenitsa; develop and maintain love for the Orthodox culture of their people. 3. Visual activity on the theme: "Maslenitsa has come to us." Purpose: To acquaint children through active forms activities, with the tradition of celebrating Maslenitsa. 4. Reading and discussion of literary works about St. Nicholas. Purpose: To acquaint children with Saint Nicholas the Pleasure, with his deeds; |
Productive activity 1. To give an idea why he was canonized. 2. Remember with the children what actions are worthy of respect. |
April | 1. "Legends of the distant past" Target: Using the examples of legends, epics to show the beauty, wisdom, strength and courage of the Russian people, folk heroes: Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich, Dobrynya Nikitich and others.
Purpose: To give children information that there is a church holiday - the Easter of Christ, to help them feel a sense of joy from this holiday. Develop fine motor skills and artistic taste children when coloring Easter souvenirs. To foster children's understanding of their place in the family, active participation in household chores. To foster interest in the Orthodox traditions of the Russian people.
Purpose: to involve children and their parents in its design.
Purpose: To shapepositive moral character |
Children's drawings and joint crafts on the Easter theme
|
May |
Purpose: to foster a sense of pride in the defenders of their homeland, to acquaint children with the signs of the folk agricultural calendar.
Purpose: To explain to children the concepts of "truth" and "lie", why one should not deceive, the possible consequences of deceitful acts, Meaning of the proverb: "Truth loves light, and lies love darkness."
Purpose: to acquaint children with the traditions of folk festivities during the spring Christmastide (farewell to spring, meeting summer).
Purpose: to develop interest in Russian folk games. |
1.About Russian gingerbread - a story about gingerbread, about why they are called that, viewing and distinguishing by smell 2. Acquaintance with different types of drawing lots. 3. Learning counting rhymes, verbal texts for games, examining illustrations. 4. Vintage games for children, production of equipment for various games. 5. Entertainment "Merry box". Seasonings that are put in gingerbread (mint, vanillin, cumin). |
Compiled on the basis of the program for the spiritual and moral education of preschoolers "Foundations of Orthodox Culture", the author of O. K. Kharitonova and the program "Good World. Orthodox culture for kids ”, by L.L. Shevchenko.
Explanatory note
In Russian pedagogy, upbringing has always been associated with the development of the spiritual and moral sphere and set itself the main goal - to bring up a child thinking, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
Russian society is currently experiencing a spiritual and moral crisis. The current situation is a reflection of the changes that have taken place in public consciousness and public policy. The Russian state has lost its official ideology, and society has lost its spiritual and moral ideals. The spiritual and moral teaching and educational functions of the current education system turned out to be reduced to a minimum. The consequence of this was that the set of value attitudes inherent in mass consciousness (including children and youth) is in many respects destructive and destructive from the point of view of the development of the individual, family and state.
In this regard, the task of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation is of extreme importance; it, without exaggeration, must be understood today as one of the priorities in ensuring national security country.
The appeal to the spiritual and moral traditions of national education and upbringing seems to us the most promising, since it is associated with the restoration of traditions, way of life and forms of national experience.
Only a traditional way of life can be opposed to aggressive influence modern culture and a civilization model exported from the West. For Russia, there is no other way out of the crisis in the spiritual and moral sphere except for the revival of the original Russian civilization on the traditional values of Russian culture. And this is possible on condition of restoration of the spiritual, moral and intellectual potential of the bearer of Russian culture - the Russian people.
Under "spiritual and moral education" is understood the process of promoting the spiritual and moral formation of a person, the formation of moral feelings (conscience, duty, faith, responsibility, citizenship, patriotism), moral character (patience, mercy, gentleness), moral position (ability to distinguishing between good and evil, the manifestation of selfless love, readiness to overcome life trials), moral behavior (readiness to serve people and the Fatherland, manifestation of spiritual prudence, goodwill).
Orthodox pedagogy enriches secular pedagogy with the integrity of the world outlook, directing education to the development of a harmonious personality.
Upbringing given in an educational institution will not bring the expected benefit if parents do not try to support in their children those good rules of life taught to children by teachers.
Many parents simply do not know that it is in the preschool age that social norms, moral requirements and models of behavior are learned on the basis of imitation. Why exactly this age cannot be missed for the formation of ideas about good and evil, about moral standards and moral norms of behavior and relationships.
The practice of work on the spiritual and moral education of children shows that it is necessary to pay the main attention to work with the family.
The family plays a central role in the mind of the child. What the family is obliged to give to the baby, no one except her will give in full. Our task is to help parents realize that, first of all, in the family, moral and spiritual customs and values created by ancestors should be preserved and transmitted (and for this we must introduce them to these customs and values) and that it is parents who are responsible for raising children. in front of society so that children do not become "troubles" for them.
The general perspective of our work on spiritual and moral education both with children and with parents provides for the integration of spiritual and moral content into the daily life of both the kindergarten and the family.
Unfortunately, many parents and teachers have lost a clear understanding of the patterns that determine the development of a child in a particular period of childhood. Raising a baby from the cradle turns into preparation for school and the realization of a successful life career. And the pedagogical process, focused on learning to the detriment of upbringing, displaces play, kind and lively communication with peers and adults from the life of a preschooler.
Parents, as a rule, all would like their children to be familiar with traditions, religion and grow up with clear ideas about the norms of morality and ethics.
Target: raise a child thinking, virtuous, merciful, conscientious, believing in the possibility of improving the world and people.
Tasks:
1. To form initial moral ideas about the Motherland and family, good and evil, generosity and greed, love, obedience, benevolence and envy, loyalty and betrayal, condemnation and forgiveness, mercy, sensitivity, conscience, gratitude, hard work, etc.);
2. To form moral needs, aspirations, feelings:
3. Form moral skills and habits:
- to show attention and care to the elderly, the sick, the younger;
- present kind words; avoid bad, bad words;
- analyze their own behavior in a situation of moral choice;
- treat people who have made a mistake fairly, without blaming or condemning them;
- behave in an organized manner in in public places(give way to adults, small children; observe the rules of decency, speak softly, do not attract attention to yourself, do not interfere with others, be neat);
- in a friendly and benevolent manner, address peers with a request to play together, respond to a friend's request to take him into the game, be attentive to the suggestions of another child when performing joint activities, agree with the idea proposed by a peer;
- tactfully express refusal to participate in common activities, politely respond to the refusal of another child;
- the habit of doing everything that you can yourself, without requiring the help of others;
- respect to the work of adults and comrades, to things, the observance of order and cleanliness.
Children's age: 6-7 years old.
Terms of the program: academic year.
The implementation of the materials of this program is possible provided that children actively interact with the outside world in an emotional and practical way, that is, through play, substantive activity, communication, work, knowledge, different types activities inherent in preschool age.
Number of lessons: Once a week, a total of 32 lessons per year.
Duration of classes: 30 minutes.
Forms and methods of working with children: conversations, reading fiction, games, viewing illustrations, paintings, excursions.
Technologies:
When acquainting children with historical events, ICT is widely used, visual material (paintings, photographs, illustrated literary works), video recordings in order to interest children, awaken in them the desire to listen and remember.
Diagnostics: held 2 times - in September and May of the academic year.
Knowledge Testing Methods: observation of children, interview, questionnaires, visibility, creation of problem situations, participation in competitions, exhibitions, concerts, open classes.
Expected results:
In the process of implementing the program, it is possible to achieve the following results:
1.the initial moral ideas about the Motherland and family, good and evil, generosity and greed, love, obedience, benevolence and envy, loyalty and betrayal, condemnation and forgiveness, mercy, sensitivity, conscience, gratitude, hard work, etc.);
2.moral needs, aspirations, feelings:
- active manifestation of a feeling of love and respect for family and friends: the desire to do something pleasant for them, to please the elders with their behavior, care, attention; feelings of gratitude and appreciation;
- a feeling of goodwill towards others (friendliness, willingness to be useful, to show concern), sympathy when upset, joy for the success of others, the desire not to judge other children is bad;
- love for your Fatherland, interest in your land;
- a feeling of sympathy for people regardless of their nationality.
3.moral skills and habits:
- follow the tradition of celebrating name days;
- compose a story about your name;
- to show attention and care to the elderly, the sick, the younger;
- give kind words; avoid bad, bad words;
- analyze their own behavior in a situation of moral choice;
- treat people who have made a mistake fairly, without blaming or condemning them;
- behave in an organized manner in public places (give way to adults, small children; observe the rules of decency, speak softly, do not attract attention to oneself, do not interfere with others, be neat);
- in a friendly and benevolent manner, ask peers to play together, respond to a friend's request to take him into the game, be attentive to the suggestions of another child when performing joint activities, agree with the idea proposed by a peer;
- tactfully express refusal to participate in common activities, politely respond to the refusal of another child;
- the habit of doing everything that you can yourself, without requiring the help of others;
- respect for the work of adults and comrades, for things, keeping order and cleanliness.
Bibliography.
- Averina N.G. On the spiritual and moral education of junior schoolchildren. [Text] / N.G. Averina // Primary school. - 2005. - No. 11. - S. 17-24.
- O.V. Avramenko Moral education of preschoolers in the game: Educational and professional programs [Text] / О.V. Avramenko. - Yelets, 2001 .-- 152 p.
- Androsova M.A. Folk game as a means of forming the readiness of preschoolers for speech communication [Text] / M.А. Androsova // Preschool education. - 2007. - No. 3. - S. 13-15.
- Anichikova T.P. Introduction to the origins of Russian folk culture [Text] / T.P. Anichikova // Educator of a preschool educational institution. - 2008. - No. 4. - S. 55-62.
- T.V. Antonova Folk holiday as a means of introducing a preschooler to national culture and traditions [Text] / T.V. Antonova // Kindergarten from A to Z. - 2005. - №6. - S. 35-40.
- Apollonova K.A. Introduction of preschoolers to the Russian national culture [Text] / K.A. Apollonova // Preschool education. - M., 2012. - No. 5-6. - S. 12-18; From 14-20.
- Baklanova T.I. People's art culture/ T.I. Baklanov. - M., 2000 .-- 329 p.
- Berezhnova O.V. Folklore works in the educational work of a preschool institution [Text] // Education and society. - No. 12. - 2012 .-- S. 9-13.
Explanatory note
“A man, like a star, is born,
To make the universe brighter "
Dm. Golubev
The state of public morality in modern Russia- a subject of concern for philosophers, sociologists, teachers. It is impossible to improve the moral state of society without increasing attention to the corresponding direction of educational work with children, and starting from a very early age.
In Russian pedagogy, upbringing has always been associated with the development of the spiritual and moral sphere, it has set itself the goal of raising a child to be thinking, conscientious, honest, hardworking, modest, respectful, responsible.
The additional general educational program for the education of moral qualities in preschool children "Steps of Good" is an appendix to the complex additional general educational program of the studio for preschoolers "Sun".This program has been revised taking into accountOrder of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 17.10.2013 N1155 "On the approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education."
Since the FSES DO is aimed at “combining education and upbringing into a holistic educational process based on spiritual, moral and sociocultural values and socially accepted rules and norms of behavior in the interests of a person, family, society ",this program is dominated not by the teaching, but by the developmental function. Knowledge and skills act not as a goal, but as a means for the formation and development mental processes and the most important personal qualities of the child.
A special place among the personal properties, the formation of which is activated by the program, is occupied by moral qualities - benevolence, tact, self-control, the ability to take into account and take a different position, fulfill the basic requirements of adults, etc. the laws of morality, harmonizing their own needs and aspirations with the needs and aspirations of people interacting with him. The peculiarity of existing programs is that they contribute to the preservation of the spiritual health of children, acquaint them with the basics of Orthodox culture, but sometimes they are overloaded with information, use concepts that are overly abstract for a preschooler, and they poorly reflect various aspects of the interaction of an educational institution with a family.
The novelty and difference of the program from others is that:
The program is based on consistent, systematic work on the formation of personal moral qualities of a preschooler;
The program has an activity-oriented nature, it widely uses the project method;
Promotes the formation of a system of key competencies in preschoolers, necessary for entering school: social; communicative; informational; health-preserving; cognitive; emotional.
Effective moral education of preschoolers in modern conditions impossible without solving the following problems:
problems of determining the ideals, norms and principles that can be used as the basis for the moral education of preschool children. In modern conditions, a social need has emerged for a person who is capable in all spheres of activity and communication to maximize his positive qualities and consciously manage those negative properties that everyone possesses to one degree or another.
Problems of transition from upbringing based on coercion to such pedagogical influence, which is based on the child's personal desire to “be good”.
The mechanism of moral development is based on this aspiration, which provides for:
1. Formation in the child of a sense of pride (ideas about their strengths and weaknesses, the level of claims). The feeling of pride is first shown in the child as the statement "I myself".
2. Fostering a sense of shame. Its foundations are laid at the age of 4 - 4.5 years to 6-7 years.
3. The formation of conscience, that is, the ability to independently assess their actions, highlighting in them both positive and negative points... A child is capable of this at about 5 years old.
4. Formation of a sense of duty to others and to oneself.
At preschool age, it is necessary, through the joint efforts of parents and teachers, to form in children such qualities as pride, shame, conscience, and the basis of duty.
Problems of solving the following practical tasks:
Form a child's moral development mechanism;
Ensure the child's participation in all types of moral interaction available to him: with loved ones, with peers, with friends and strangers in public places, with oneself, with nature.
Develop skills to confront negative examples that every child encounters in Everyday life(TV shows, foul language, etc.).
Work on the development of moral qualities in preschoolers is carried out jointly with parents. Teachers inform them about the achievements and problems of children, advise parents about the individual characteristics of each child, identify factors inhibiting development, teach parents the techniques and methods of moral education in the family.
This program has an integrated character and is a kind of core of the complex additional general educational program of the studio for preschoolers "Solnyshko". The principles and methods underlying it are implemented by teachers in all areas of the studio's work: speech development, acquaintance with the world around them, theater, English, music, "Craftsmanship" and fine art, "Secret" (classes with a psychologist).
Special classes under this program are held in all age groups once a week.
Purpose of the program:
Preserving and developing the moral health of children, introducing them to moral values based on the traditions of family education.
Objectives of the program:
1. Develop moral consciousness:
Development of moral ideas, judgments, concepts;
Formation of ideas about the native land, about the Motherland;
Development of a conscious and correct attitude to socially accepted norms of behavior, one's responsibility;
Formation of the child's attitude towards another person as an independent value.
2. Form positive attitude to other people, yourself:
Developing an understanding of the interdependence of people from each other;
Development of self-knowledge and fostering self-respect in the child;
Development of self-confidence in children;
Formation of the ability to frankly and clearly express their feelings, desires, views, accept and respect the position of another;
The development of social motives that contribute to the establishment of interpersonal relationships with adults and peers.
3. Develop moral feelings associated with self-control, self-discipline: shame, conscience, kindness, responsiveness, sympathy, empathy.
4. Form the skills and habits of moral behavior:
Ability to obey the rules of behavior set from the outside and voluntarily developed for oneself;
Ethically Valuable Ways to Communicate;
Ability to formulate the essence of the conflict problem, find possible ways to resolve conflicts.
5. To assist the family in the problems of moral education of children:
Familiarization of parents with the basics of pedagogy and psychology;
Formation of ideas about the forms of the traditional family structure;
Raising the prestige and value of the family.
Basic principles of the program:
1) familiarizing children with socio-cultural norms, traditions of the family, society and the state;
2) building educational activities based on the individual characteristics of each child;
3) assistance and cooperation of children and adults, recognition of the child as a full-fledged participant (subject) of educational relations;
4) support for the initiative of children in various activities;
5) cooperation of the Center with the family;
6) compliance of conditions, requirements, methods with age and developmental characteristics.
The program is designed for three age groups:
children 4-5 years old
children 5-6 years old
children 6-7 years old.
This program provides for constructive, consistent joint work of teachers and parents on the development of moral qualities in preschoolers on the basis of thematic planning for all years of study (Appendix # 1).
Training is carried out unobtrusively, using game learning situations, with a combination of group and individual work with children and independent activity preschoolers. The participation of the child in all types of moral interaction available to him is ensured.
The program consists of four blocks:
Block 1: “My family. My Motherland ”(relationships with close people, love for the Motherland);
Block 2: "My friends" (relationships with peers);
Block 3: “I am in the world of people” (relationships with people in public places);
4 block: "Nature and I" (attitude to nature).
Forms of work with children:
1 block: "My family. My motherland"
Conversations, games of moral content;
Problematic situations;
Composing stories from personal experience on the topic: “How I helped my mother”, “My father and I”, etc.
Feasible help for adults;
Family festival "When everyone is together";
Family celebration"My family in the history of my native land."
Block 2: "My friends"
Involving uncommunicative children in communication, awakening interest in inactive, shy children; encouraging them to help them communicate;
Collective forms of communication, games;
Making gifts, souvenirs;
Children visiting their friends at home;
Creation of pedagogical situations;
Birthday boy's day;
Practical concern in a group about a suddenly ill friend, the manifestation of attention, active participation.
Block 3: "I am in the world of people"
Ethical conversations;
Learning the rules of behavior and practicing them in the behavior of children;
Role-playing games;
Didactic games (educational);
Observations, excursions;
Visiting the library, theater, museum, park.
Contests, quizzes, games.
4 block: "Nature and me"
Observation of plants, animals, natural phenomena;
Organization of elementary experiments;
Travel games;
Excursions and targeted walks;
Consideration of the magazine "Young Naturalist", "Totoshka";
Caring for animals, birds, fish;
Making crafts from natural materials.
The program provides for interaction with parents, during which an atmosphere is formed not only of cooperation, but also of co-creation, which allows each child to feel the value of his family. Programhelps parents to determine the personal orientation of their child's upbringing, taking into account his individual psychological characteristics, to form the motive and need for parental participation in the joint process of upbringing a personality with developed moral, intellectual and physical qualities... For this purpose, the "School of Effective Parenting" has been organized for parents (Appendices No. 5, questionnaires-No. 3, 6)
Expected results of the program implementation
By the end of the 1st year of study, children will:
Have views:
On the relationship of family members;
About joint leisure;
Household responsibilities of family members;
Household management;
About friendship;
On the moral norms of relations with others: benevolence, honesty, responsiveness;
On the rules of conduct in public places;
About domestic and wild animals, birds, plants.
Be able to:
Show concern for loved ones;
Provide all possible assistance to parents in household chores;
Evaluate the actions of comrades, fairly resolve disputes and conflicts;
Show goodwill towards people around you;
Interact in a peer group;
Unite in small groups in the course of various activities;
To behave correctly in nature without harming it.
By the end of the 2nd year of study, children will:
Have views:
About the heroic feat of the Russian people in the Great Patriotic War, they will learn the concepts of "veteran of the Great Patriotic War", "participant of the labor front", acquire knowledge about their relatives who have these titles;
About the pedigree of your family;
About mercy, kindness;
About joint leisure;
O home comfort, household chores;
Family relationships;
On the activities of family members;
About friendship, partnership;
Friendship of people of different nationalities;
About an orphanage, about children living without parents;
On the rules of conduct on the street;
About the rules of speech etiquette.
Be able to:
Be kind to family members, take care of the elderly;
Cooperate in solving educational and game problems;
Fairly evaluate your actions and the actions of your friends;
To resolve disputes and conflicts fairly;
Empathize with the successes and failures of friends;
Treat friends with respect;
Be critical of your actions and the actions of your friends.
By the end of the 3rd year of study, children will:
Have views:
Learn the concepts of "Small Motherland", "patriot";
About the hometown, its history and sights;
Time budget in the family;
On collective housekeeping;
About family customs, folk rituals;
About friendly interactions of people in extreme life situations, in sports;
About moral norms of behavior;
About the rules of speech etiquette;
About the "Red Book" of the Penza region;
About the nature of the native land.
Be able to:
Be kind and respectful to loved ones;
Plan your activities;
Speak publicly in front of peers and parents;
Distinguish between good and bad actions;
Show kindness in dealing with children;
Recognize immoral qualities (cowardice, cruelty, laziness, deceit), evaluate them;
Consider and accept the position of another;
Determine the friendly manifestations of people;
Interact as a team;
Consciously relate to the norms of behavior in public places;
To behave correctly in nature;
Treat plants, animals and birds with care.
Toolkit for determining the effectiveness of the program
1 block “My family. My motherland"
Projective test "Family drawing" (for children 4-7 years old) (Appendix 2);
Methodology for studying the manifestations of responsiveness in the family (for children 5-7 years old);
Self-portrait technique (for children 4-7 years old);
Graphic technique "Cactus" (for children 5-7 years old);
Test "DIA" (analysis of family relationships);
Luscher test;
Test "Questionnaire of Parental Relationships of R. S. Nemov" (Appendix 3);
Test "Magic TV" (for children 5-7 years old) (studying the type of communication between a child and adults).
2 block "My friends"
“Finish the story” methodology (for children 5-6 years old);
“Share the toys” technique (for children 4-5 years old);
Study of social emotions (for children 4-7 years old);
Drawing on the theme "I am in the studio" Solnyshko "(for children 5-7 years old);
Verbal choice method (for children 5-7 years old) (Appendix 4);
Methodology "Two houses" (for children 4-7 years old);
Test "Masks" (for children 5-7 years old);
Methodical reception "Seven-color flower" (for children 4-7 years old).
3 block "I am in the world of people"
Methods for studying the culture of communication (for children 4-7 years old);
Subject pictures (for children 5-7 years old);
Excursions to public places;
Role-playing games "Hospital", "In a cafe", "Theater", etc.
4 block "Nature and me"
Excursions to nature;
Hiking;
Project "Hello, forest" (rules of conduct in the forest);
Creation of the "Red Book", etc.
Educational - thematic plan
BlockDistribution of academic hours by years of study
1st year of study
2nd year of study
3rd year of study
1. “My family. My motherland"
2. "My friends"
3. "I am in the world of people"
4. "Nature and me"
Total hours:
Content
1st year of study
1 block "My family. My motherland"
Topic number 1:My dear mom ... Talking about moms. Joint event "Me and Mom" (songs, poems, contests, quizzes).
Topic number 2: Me and dad. Dad's day. Sports activities(morning warm-up, outdoor games). Renovation work in a group (toys, furniture), all possible help from children.
Topic number 3:Brothers and sisters. Conversation about brothers and sisters. Joint games. Role-playing games. Making gifts for brothers and sisters (applique).
Topic number 4:My grandmother. Joint affairs with grandmothers (crafts, clothes for dolls). Music games together with grandmothers.
Topic number 5:We are resting together. Introduction of the concept of "joint leisure". Role-playing game "Family". Family holiday "Christmas".
Topic number 6:I am an assistant. Household responsibilities of family members. Conversation on the topic “How I help at home”. Strong participation in household chores.
Topic number 7:Household. Conversation about housekeeping (washing clothes, cooking, etc.). Didactic games.
Topic number 8: My parents ... Primary diagnostics of intrafamilial relationships (drawing test "My family"). A conversation about parents (what is their name, where they work, what they do at work and at home, what is the use of their work). Role-playing games.
Topic number 9: Mother father me - Friendly family ... Family holiday "My family". Joint entertainment, quizzes, contests, songs, games, sports competitions. Design of the newspapers "My family".
2 block "My friends"
Topic # 1: We play ... Role-playing games (for uniting into small groups). Learning the rules of behavior during games. Self play activity children.
Topic number 2: We are working. Children's labor in a corner of nature. Learning proverbs about labor. Puppet theater (scenes about work, about disputes during work). Ways to resolve conflicts fairly.
Topic number 3: We're drawing. Integrated lesson on the theme "Autumn" (poems, songs, outdoor games, collective application "Leaf fall").
Topic №4: What is friendship? The concept of friendship. Chatting about friends. Compilation of the story "My friend".
Topic number 5:We are athletes ... Games in the sports corner. Conversation about mutual assistance in sports.
Topic number 6:We are resting together. Organization of impromptu joint leisure "Vesnyanka" (performances of children's creativity). Independent play activity.
Topic number 7: People around us. Pedagogical situations about the norms of relationships: benevolence, honesty, responsiveness. Puppet theater performance. Outdoor games.
Topic number 8:Visiting Aunt Laska. Exercises for the selection of affectionate names and names of objects. Puzzle games. Folklore lesson.
Topic number 9:How we play and practice in the studio. Conversation on the topic "How we play and practice in the studio." Composing stories from personal experience. Drama about the good and bad deeds friends.
3 block "I am in the world of people"
Topic number 1:How to behave in a group. Acquaintance with the rules of conduct in the group. Tour of group room(to allocate different zones: play, for classes, etc. and the rules of behavior in them).
Topic number 2:Rules of Conduct in the CDTDiYu. Conversation about the rules of conduct in the Center (in the music hall, in the corridor, in the dance room). Role-playing game.
Topic number 3:Rules of conduct at the table. Game-lesson "We are visiting". Didactic games (on the rules of behavior at the table). Role-playing games with dolls.
Topic number 4:Rules of conduct on the street. Playing out situations with dolls on the rules of behavior on the street. Viewing of the film "The Housewife Neosluha". Walking down the street (working out the rules). Role-playing game "Bus ride".
Topic number 5: A polite person. Drama about "polite words". Conversation about politeness. The play in pictures based on the work of V. Oseeva "A polite word".
Topic number 6:We study together, we work together. Planning work in a corner of nature (for the ability to negotiate, plan joint work). Reading the fairy tale "Hare-Hvasta". Conversation on the content (introduction of the concept of "modest person", the rules of behavior for a modest person).
Topic number 7: We have a rest together. Attending a concert (working out the rules of conduct in the hall). Joint games (diagnostics of interpersonal relationships).
Topic number 8: Excursions. Conversation about walks and excursions. Rules of behavior in nature (respect for nature, hazards in nature). Target walk.
Topic number 9: Good deeds. Pedagogical situation about violations of the rules of conduct. Performance "Good and Bad Deeds". Introduction of the concepts: "honesty", "truthfulness".
4 block « Nature and me "
Topic # 1: Pets. Observing the kitten. Riddles about pets. Examination of pictures about pets, conversation on the content.
Topic number 2:Plants. Target walk to the park. Observing plants. Distinguishing trees and shrubs by leaves, bark. Making a herbarium.
Topic number 3: Our park. A targeted walk to the park with parents. Observing the work of people in the park (leading to the idea that a person should take care of cultural nature). Drawing on the theme "In the park in autumn".
Topic №4: Birds. Bird watching (note habits, appearance). Acquaintance with wintering birds. Making feeders.
Topic number 5:Wild animals. Integrated lesson "Journey to the forest" (riddles about the forest, its inhabitants, compilation descriptive stories, warm-up that imitates the gait of an animal).
Topic number 6: Plants in winter. Examining illustrations of plants in winter dress. Lesson on the visual activity "Winter". Walk. Observation of plants in winter dress. A story about the life of plants in the cold season. Plant caring activities (shoveling snow around trees).
Topic number 7: Spring. Observing the work of people in the garden. Work on the site. Observing blooming garden... Application "Blooming apple tree".
Topic number 8: Insects. Introduction of the concept of "insects". Observing insects in nature. Examination of illustrations on the topic "Insects". Drawing "Butterfly".
Topic number 9: We love nature. Hike to nature. Didactic game "Rules of behavior in nature". Outdoor games.
2nd year of study
1 block "My family. My motherland"
Topic number 1:My family. Examining family photos. A conversation about grandparents, about the family lineage. Composing stories from personal experience. Musical activity: lullabies, songs about grandmothers. Holiday-entertainment "I love my grandmother very much." Work on the "Living Memory" project.
Topic number 2:Dad and I. Dad's day. A story about their professions. Competition games in the gym. Joint work with dads (fixing toys, furniture).
Topic number 3:My dear mother. Reading books about mothers, talking about the content.
Conversation about mom "Why do I love my mom?" Observation of women's labor (at home, on the street). Manual labor with subgroups (gift for mom).
Topic №4: We have a rest together. Preparing for the New Year. A conversation about how to prepare for this holiday at home. Joint lesson "Hello, New Year!"
Topic number 5:Comfort in home. Conversation about the culture of behavior at a party. Visit to one of the families. A story about leisure time in the families of children. Role-playing game "Family".
Topic number 6:My grandfather. Meeting with grandparents - participants of the Second World War. Listening to songs of the war years. Conversation about the army. Holiday entertainment"Our army is strong."
Topic number 7: Celebration of mothers and grandmothers. Solemn matinee dedicated to March 8 (songs, poems, contests, presenting gifts).
Topic number 8: Family matters. Writing stories on the topic "The most interesting event in our family". "Labor landing" at the site.
Topic number 9:Family traditions. Examining family photos, talking about the content. Acquaintance with the concept of "picnic". Joint picnic with parents (outdoor games, round dances, lunch, picking mushrooms, berries).
2 block "My friends"
Topic number 1:Friendship. Ethical conversation about friendship. Introduction of the concept of "friends". Literary and musical quiz "About friendship". Observation of theatrical games of children (diagnostics).
Topic number 2:We are friends. Pedagogical situations (test “Finish the story). Physical culture leisure with games and relay races. Collective modeling. Work on new proverbs "A man without friends is like a tree without roots."
Topic number 3:We study, play, work together. Manual labor (individual and subgroup training). Theatrical games based on fairy tales.
Topic №4: Comrade. Conversation with subgroups on the topic "About partnership". Introduction of the concept of "comrade". Clarification of pedagogical situations in which comradely qualities are manifested.
Topic number 5:People of different nationalities. Examination of the map of Russia. A story about people of different nationalities living in Russia. Acquaintance with ethnographic features (customs, costumes). Applique or decorative drawing of folk ornaments. Outdoor games of the peoples of Russia.
Topic number 6: Our actions. Consideration of books of moral content, conversations on the content. Pedagogical situations about different behavior children.
Topic number 7: Immoral qualities. Viewing a filmstrip, conversation on the content. Playing scenes and pedagogical situations in which negative character traits are manifested: cunning, deceit.
Topic number 8:Kindness. Talk about sick children. Workshop work (making gifts for them). Role-playing game "Hospital". Listening to the music of P. Tchaikovsky "Doll's disease", a conversation about the nature of music.
Topic number 9:Orphans Story about the orphanage. Making gifts for orphans. Drawing up creative stories about their families.
3 block "I am in the world of people"
Topic number 1:We are in CRTDiYu. Conversation about the rules of conduct in the Center for Children and Youth. Writing descriptive stories. Pedagogical situations and dramatizations reflecting some of the rules.
Topic number 2:Rules of conduct on the street. Conversation about the rules of conduct on the street. Targeted walk along the street (working out the rules of behavior). Role-playing game "On the street".
Topic number 3:We are passengers. Conversation about behavior in transport. Role-playing game "Bus ride". Watching the film strip "About the ram who did not know the rules of the road", conversation on the content.
Topic number 4:Theatre. Conversation about the rules of conduct in the theater. A visit to the puppet theater (practicing the skills of correct behavior).
Topic number 5: Rules of conduct at the table. Role-playing game " Festive dinner". Examining books on table setting. Modeling of dishes.
Topic number 6:We go to visit. Conversation on the topic “How we played on a visit”. Conversation about the rules of behavior at a party. Visit to one of the children.
Topic number 7: Shop. Didactic game "In the store". Making attributes for the game. Excursion to the store (fixing the rules of conduct in the store). Application on the theme "Toy store".
Topic number 8: Rules of conduct in a cafe. Examination of illustrations on violations of the rules of conduct in public places, conversation on the content. Visit to the cafe (celebration of the birthday of one of the children).
Topic number 9:What are we? Verbal election method. Sports competition between boys and girls. Learning the rules of speech etiquette.
4 block « Nature and me "
Topic # 1: Autumn has come. A conversation about autumn changes in nature. Excursion to the park. Observing trees, shrubs, herbs. Rules of careful attitude to trees, shrubs. Drawing up a herbarium. Artistic activity.
Topic number 2:Pets. Observation of the dog (appearance, what it eats, habits, benefits for humans). Introduction of the concept of "pets". Didactic games of natural history content. Examining books about animals.
Topic number 3:Migratory birds ... Story about the book by G. Snegirev "About birds", viewing illustrations. Introduction of the concept " migratory birds". A conversation about birds, about preparing them for winter. Quiz “What? Where? When?".
Topic number 4:Wildlife in winter. Consideration of the book "Footprints in the Snow", a conversation about wild animals, about how they winter. Bird feeding (feeders). Sketches in a corner of nature.
Topic number 5:Wintering animals . Riddles about pets. Working with natural materials. A story about the wintering of pets and a conversation on the topic. Role-playing games "At the barnyard", "At the farm".
Topic number 6:Red Book. A story about the "Red Book". Examination of illustrations with animals and plants included in the Red Book.
Topic number 7:River. Examining illustrations of rivers in different times of the year. Compilation of stories from personal experience (to identify the rules of behavior on the river). Targeted walk to the river. Observation of the ice drift. Role-playing game "Steamer".
Topic number 8: Botanical Garden. Excursion to Botanical Garden... A story about plants. Observing the work of people in the garden.
Topic number 9:We are tourists. Examination of tourist equipment (shown and told by parents involved in tourism), photographs, books about tourism. Mini-hike (consolidation of the rules of behavior in nature).
3rd year of study
1 block "My family. My motherland"
Topic number 1:Small homeland. For which we love our city. Tour of hometown... Didactic game "Foreigner". Examination of photographs of the sights of the city. Joint leisure with parents "Mom, dad, I am a Penza family." Work on the project "Love and Know Your Native Land".
Topic number 2:Household. Role-playing game "Shopping in the store". A conversation about the family budget, the introduction of the concept of "family budget".
Topic number 3:Family leisure. Preparing for family leisure"Together we play, we sing, we have fun." Each family prepares a performance: a poem, a song, a game. Diagnostics of the emotional sphere of the child - test "Masks".
Topic number 4:I help at home. Family time budgeting. Reading the story of E. Permyak "How Masha Got Big", conversation on the content. Drawing on the topic: "Helping at home."
Topic number 5:Family Tree. Conversation with children about next of kin, introduction of the concept of "pedigree". Compilation of a family tree (together with parents). Presentation of family projects "Family Garden".
Topic number 6:Brothers and sisters. Joint preparation with brothers and sisters of a festive concert for the Defender of the Fatherland Day. Learning songs, poems, dance sketches. Reading the work of E. Shim "Brother and younger sister", A conversation on the content.
Topic number 7:Feast of mothers and grandmothers. Making gifts for mums and grandmothers (together with dads), learning poems and songs. Matinee "Tricks Shapoklyak".
Topic number 8:Family traditions. A conversation about family customs, folk rituals. Preparation and holding of the family festival "When everyone is together." Each family prepares a presentation of their family traditions (videos, craft exhibitions, genealogical tree, family coat of arms, presentation of family collections, creative performances).
Topic number 9:We work together, we rest together. Carrying out joint leisure in nature. Outdoor games, ball games, tournaments.
2 block "My friends"
Topic number 1:Friendship. Reading works about friendship, conversation on the content (V. Avdeenko "Friend", "Magic pipe", etc.) Making a collective application "Gift to a friend".
Topic number 2:We play together, we learn. Organization of joint role-playing games, collective affairs. Learn to fairly resolve disputes and conflicts. Physical culture leisure "Rainbow of health".
Topic number 3:Good and bad deeds. Reading the work of V. Avdeenko "Knight", conversation on the content. Consolidate knowledge about good and bad deeds, teach to distinguish between them. Diagnostics: methodology "Two houses", "Subject pictures" (study of the emotional attitude to moral norms).
Topic number 4:Kindness. Reading the tale of P. Bazhov " Silver Hoof", A conversation on the content. Form the concept of "kind person". Learning B. Savelyev's song "If you are good." A quiz based on fairy tales that talk about kind people.
Topic number 5: (2 lessons)Negative qualities of a person. Reading A. Pushkin's fairy tale "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish", conversation on the content. Foster a negative attitude towards immoral qualities (cunning, deceit, selfishness). Reading the folk tale "Khavroshechka" (arr. A. Tolstoy). Conversation on the content, to cultivate a negative attitude towards immoral qualities. Discussion of pedagogical situations to distinguish between immoral qualities (cowardice, cruelty, laziness).
Topic number 6:Caring for others. Reading of V. Kataev's fairy tale "Flower - seven-flower", conversation on the content. Learning proverbs and sayings about kindness. Conversation about the meaning of the words: "sympathy", "compassion", "kindness", "mercy". Manual labor on a free topic.
Topic number 7:Friendship and sports. A parent-athlete comes to visit, talks about the manifestation of friendship in sports. Warm-up in pairs "Gymnastics of friendly". Sports relay.
Topic number 8:A strong friendship will not break ... Final lesson for the section. Diagnostics of relationships in a group, sand therapy.
3 block "I am in the world of people"
Topic number 1:We are going to visit. Watching an excerpt from the video "Housewife Neoslukha" (safety lessons). Conversation on content. Consolidation of the rules of behavior at the table, the rules of speech etiquette. Application "Napkin". Learning the skills of a culture of communication.
Topic number 2: Library. Excursion to the library. Joint event "The World of Good Books" (literary quiz). Consolidation of the rules of conduct in the library. Book repair.
Topic number 3:Excursion. Excursion to the zoo. Working out the rules of conduct during excursions. Consideration of plot pictures about the rules of behavior, conversation on the content (diagnostics of the level of mastering the rules of behavior on the street).
Topic number 4:New Year's celebration. Preparation for the New Year's party (learning poems, songs, games). Strengthening the skills of polite, delicate behavior. Origami craft "Santa Claus".
Topic number 5:Theatre. A trip to the puppet theater. Practicing behavior skills in the theater (in the foyer, in the hall, in the buffet). Fine art - drawing from memory "Going to the theater".
Topic number 6:Transport. Role-playing game "Bus". Practicing behavior skills in public transport... Application "Bus". Viewing an excerpt from the video "Housewife Neoslukha", conversation on the content.
Topic number 7:We're on a walk. Walk to the park. Role-playing game "Outdoors" (rules of behavior in nature). Outdoor games.
Topic number 8:We play. Game program "Entertainment Island". Consolidation of the rules of conduct during joint games. Test "Masks" (study of children's communication, study of stability in obedience to the game rule).
Topic number 9:What is good and what is bad. Reading the work of V. Mayakovsky "What is good and what is bad", conversation on the content. A joint project with parents “We want to be kind” (to practice communication skills with people: adults, peers, kids).
4 block: « Nature and me "
Topic number 1:Plants. Walk to the park. Caring for plants in a flower garden. Consolidation of knowledge about the plant world. Nature quiz "The world is like a colored meadow." Application "Wildflowers".
Topic number 2:Animal world. Reading works of natural history by E. Charushin, V. Bianki, M. Prishvin and others. Conversation on the content. Quiz "Our little brothers". Collective application "Animal World".
Topic number 3:The world of birds. Bird Day (joint event with parents). Quizzes, games, songs, poems, dramatized scenes. Making bird feeders (with dads). Competition for the best feeding trough.
Topic number 4:Nature and us. Musical and literary holiday "I love nature ..." (all materials show how a person praises nature in literature, music, fine arts, how he expresses his attitude towards them).
Topic number 5: "Red Book". Joint project with parents "Walk in the forest" (solving problem situations). Preparation for the presentation of the Red Book. Theatrical performance "The Old Man-Lesovichok" (examination of the Red Book, made jointly with teachers and parents).
Topic number 6:Our park. Walk to the park. Labor troops in the park. Outdoor games in nature.
Topic number 7: Inhabitants of the reservoir. Game program "On a visit to Grandfather Vodyanoy" (consolidation of children's knowledge about fish and animal reservoirs). Collective application "Rybka".
Topic number 8:Forest resources. Conversation about the "wealth of the forest". Collective drawing "What the forest gives us". Generalization of the concept of "forest wealth".
Topic number 9: Let's make the world around us beautiful. Participation in the action "Clean City" (labor troops for cleaning the site).
Conditions for the implementation of the program
The program is effectively implemented when the following factors interact.
Staffing: 9 teachers of the highest and first categories, accompanist, psychologist.
Organizational and methodological support:
-Additional educational program of the studio for preschoolers "Sun";
- a program for the education of moral qualities in preschool children in the UDO system "Steps of Good";
- lecture notes for each direction of the program;
- teaching and visual aids;
- a series of educational games;
- Handout;
- literature in different areas of the program (for teachers and children).
Material and technical equipment:
- toys;
- dolls for puppet theater, screen;
- TSO ( music center, music disks, multimedia equipment,DVD-records);
- piano and other musical instruments;
- 3 equipped rooms, a dance hall.
Resource provision:
- the implementation of the program is possible with the financing of the studio for preschoolers "Solnyshko" as a study group of an institution of additional education;
- extrabudgetary sources: sponsorship funds.
Literature
For teachers:
Psychology of the preschooler. Reader / Comp. G.A. Uruntaeva. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2005.
Uruntaeva G.A., Afonkina Yu.A. Workshop on child psychology. - M .: Education: Vlados, 1995.
Korepanova M.V., Kharlampova E.V. Diagnostics of the development and education of preschoolers. - M .: Ed. House of RAO; Balass, 2005.
Galiguzova L.N., Smirnova E.S. The stages of communication: from one to seven years. - M .: Education, 1986.
Kupetskova EF Program of training, education and development of children of early and preschool age "Child and the whole world." - Penza: Ed. PIRO, 2008.
Artyomova L.V. The world around in didactic games for preschoolers. - M .: Education, 1991.
Friendly guys: education of humane feelings and attitudes in preschoolers .: A guide for educators of preschool educational institutions and parents / Comp. R.S. Bure, M.V. Vorobyova, V.N. Davidovich et al. - M .: Education, 2004.
Ivanova A.I. Methods for organizing environmental observations and experiments in kindergarten: A guide for employees of preschool institutions. - M .: TC Sphere, 2004.
Kurochkina I.N. Modern etiquette and education of a culture of behavior in preschoolers: Tutorial- M .: VLADOS, 2001.
Nikolaeva S.N. We have been fostering love for nature since childhood. Recommendations for teachers, parents and tutors. - M .: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2004.
Nikolaeva S.O. Classes on the culture of behavior with preschoolers and primary schoolchildren: Literary and musical-play material: Study guide / M .: VLADOS, 2005.
Romanyuta N.A. You and your friends. We teach children to communicate: Toolkit for primary school teachers, psychologists, educators and parents. - 2nd ed., rev. And add. - M .: ARKTI, 2004.
Yudina E.G., Stepanova G.P., Denisova E.D. Pedagogical diagnostics in kindergarten: A guide for teachers of preschool educational institutions - M .: Education, 2003.
I - you - we. The program of social and emotional development of preschoolers / Comp. O. L. Knyazeva. Moscow: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2005.
Magazines "Preschool education", from 2004 to 2008.
For reading with children:
Small forms of children's folklore: Riddles, rhymes, nursery rhymes and jokes, proverbs and sayings.
Folk tales: "Teremok", "Kolobok", "Zayushkina izbushka", "Masha and the Bear", "Zhikharka", "Cockerel and bean seed"," Havroshechka "," The Frog Princess "and others.
Author's tales: L. N. Tolstoy, K. Chukovsky, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianki, V. Suteev, A. S. Pushkin, P. Ershov, S. Aksakov, V. Odoevsky, V. Garshin, P. Bazhov, K. Paustovsky, N. Sladkov, V. Avdeenko and others.
Poetry: A.K. Tolstoy, A. Blok, I. Surikov, A.S. Pushkin, S. Yesenin, M. Lermontov, A. Barto, K. Chukovsky, V. Mayakovsky, S. Mikhalkiy, E. Blaginina, D. Harms, I. Tokmakova, E. Uspensky, G. Sapgir, B. Zakhoder and dr.
Stories: L. Tolstoy, K. Ushinsky, M. Prishvin, K. Paustovsky, V. Bianki, E. Charushin, G. Snegirev, N. Sladkov, V. Oseeva, E. Permyak, V. Dragunsky and others.
For parents:
The ABC of Morality / Comp. E.G. Kononenko .- M.:, 2007.-54 p.
Barilenko N.V. Formation of relationships among older preschoolers in joint activities / Barilenko N.V. // Questions of psychology. - 2008. - No. 4.
Grishchenko Z.A."You tell the children a fairy tale ..." Moscow. Yinka-Press, 2003
Ilchuk N.P.Big educational secret ", Child in kindergarten, No. 4, 2003
The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personality of a citizen of Russia [Text] - Moscow: Education, 2011. 25 p.
M. Galina"Book world of a child", kindergarten from A to Z, No. 1, 2005
WITH.N. Korotkova"Formation of moral qualities as an important aspect of preparing for school", preschool education No. 8, 2001
Suslov V.N. Etiquette I study the rules of conduct. 1-4 grades.
Timofeeva I.N.. "One hundred books for your child" Conversations for parents, Moscow, "Kniga", 1987
O. Vyatkina"The value of BS Zhitkov's stories for the development of the personality of older preschoolers", Kindergarten from A to Z, M 5, 2003
Tatiana Pakhomkova
The program of spiritual and moral education of preschool children "Stronger we are - stronger our future"
PROGRAM
spiritually - moral
education of pupils of MBDOU
"Voznesensky kindergarten number 5".
Name SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION programs
PRESCHOOLERS
"Stronger we are - stronger our future"
Basis for development Modern concept O " Spiritual and moral
parenting programs"
Main developers
programs Methodical council MBDOU "Voznesensky children's
The governing board of the institution.
Target programs 1... Creation conditions:
to form u preschoolers
values and moral standards,
based on cultural, historical and spiritually
moral, patriotic and universal
principles.
2. For closer cooperation of the family and
kindergarten, promotion educational and the educational potential of the family, kindergarten and child chain.
Tasks programs Preserving historical continuity
generations, development national culture,
upbringing respect for the historical
and the cultural heritage of Russia,
shaping spiritual and moral qualities
pupils.
Assessment of social - the formation of values spiritually
consequences of implementation moral personality;
programs - increasing the educational potential of the family;
Improving the coordinated system
family and kindergarten activities
in physical, patriotic and moral
raising children.
Performance Criteria - Methods Improvement spiritually
moral and family education programs;
Timing programs - 2013 - 2018.
Organization of control
for execution - the administration of the MBDOU "Voznesensky kindergarten No. 5"
programs
Explanatory note
The child smiles at the mother - the first smile in his life. The child plays - the first games in his life. The first books, the first pictures, the first songs ... the first joys and resentments. All the first. The first building blocks of personality. What kind of person will this child become? What kind of person will we make him? At what stage in his life should a person start thinking for himself? Formation begins with the answers to these questions. the spiritual personality of the child.
Today society needs kind, humane, honest and just citizens. And the task is to form such a personality. Therefore the task supercomplicated caregiver: he must reveal the inner world preschooler and lay the foundations of moral relations, thereby forming moral education
Program creates conditions for personality development and self-realization. The pedagogical process is only good when it contains upbringing goes ahead of learning, for the spiritual forces will absorb knowledge as food necessary for the further growth and development of the child's personality.
Program"Spiritual and moral education"provides - upbringing A noble person, a citizen of Russia. Just what we want to see in our children.
Planning spiritual and moral work is a significant link in the overall system of activities teacher and kindergarten... Thoughtful planning ensures its clear organization, outlines work prospects, contributes to the implementation of a certain system education... The needs of modern society impose on the kindergarten the tasks of not only high-quality teaching, but also upbringing a person of high moral standards, spiritually rich able to adapt to the processes taking place in the modern world. Upbringing is one of critical components education in the interests of a person, society, state.
Upbringing should contribute to the development and formation of the child's personality, all of its spiritual and physical strength and abilities; lead every child to a new outlook, worldview based on the recognition of universal human values as priorities in life.
Relevance
In modern society in connection with the economic, educational and spiritual stratification, there is a variety of ideas about a person and his purpose in life. Various parties, factions, organizations, religious concessions, national associations formulate their own, often opposite friend friend goals education... The question of goals education It seems especially significant now also because there is a process of forming a new generation of Russian citizens and the introduction of new educational concepts.
Upbringing citizen is one of the main conditions of national revival... The concept of citizenship implies the development and implementation by a child of his rights and responsibilities in relation to himself, his family, collective, to his native land, Fatherland. When forming a citizen, we must first of all see him as a person. Therefore, from a pedagogical point of view, a citizen is an original individuality, a personality with unity spiritual, moral and legal duty.
Under spiritual and moral education means the transfer to children of the knowledge that forms them moral based on Russian traditions, the formation of experience of behavior and life on the basis of spiritual and moral values.
Spiritual and moral education is an integral part of the general educational educational process... All of the above was taken into account when drawing up a comprehensive programs of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers MBDOU"Voznesensky kindergarten number 5". Creation programs is a natural result of many years of purposeful activity of the teaching staff with the aim of upbringing of high spiritual and moral qualities in preschoolers.
Normative legal documents.
"Law of the Russian Federation" On Education "1992 No. 3266-1
"The Constitution of the Russian Federation
"Law on Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child 1998
"Declaration of human rights and freedoms
"Convention on the Rights of the Child
"Kindergarten Charter
Stages of implementation Programs
"Stage I - initial (2013 / 2014.)
Analytical and diagnostic activity. Search and correction innovative technologies, forms, methods and ways education taking into account personally meaningful model education. Study of modern technologies, their generalization teaching experience... Determination of strategy and tactics of activity. Implementation of experimental and pedagogical activities
"Stage II - practical (2014/2017)
Approbation and use in educational educational the process of personality-oriented technologies, techniques, methods preschool education, social and psychological-pedagogical support of the child's personality in the process of development and disclosure of his individual characteristics.
Implementation of experimental and pedagogical activities.
"Stage III - generalizing and effective (2017/2018)
Data processing and interpretation. Correlation of implementation results programs with the set goals and objectives. Determination of prospects and ways of further formation educational system and follow-up programs of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers.
Targets and goals Programs
Target programs.
1. creation of conditions for the development of the individual, for its entry into the civil legal society through the formation of relations to the world and to oneself in it.
2. Formation of communicative and aesthetic potential preschooler.
3. Harmonious spiritual and moral development of a preschooler's personality and instilling in him the fundamental life principles based on civil-patriotic, ethical and cultural-historical traditions our big and small homeland.
Tasks:
" Fostering a sense of patriotism active civil position, involvement in the heroic history of the Russian state.
"Formation spiritual and moral guidelines based on traditional universal values.
"Study of cultural and spiritual and moral traditions of the Russian people, the civil foundations of the Russian state.
" Physical development preschoolers, the formation of skills for a healthy lifestyle, personal hygiene.
"Consolidation and coordination of the activities of the kindergarten, family, community in spiritual and moral education of children.
"the formation of the foundations of the culture of communication and the construction of interpersonal relations;
"creating conditions for the manifestation of the creative individuality of each pupil.
"Vaccination pupils love for the native land through love for the native nature and respect for it.
Principles Programs
1. The principle of conformity to nature.
2. The principle of the integrity of educational educational process.
3. The principle of cooperation.
4. Proactive approach.
5. Person-centered approach.
6. Age approach.
Program corresponds to the specifics of middle and senior age of children, and promotes:
" spiritual and personal growth children;
"the development of creative and logical thinking;
"development of abilities for independent acquisition of knowledge and research work;
"learning the skills to work together (to solve problems in groups, to carry out joint research work, conduct dialogue and discussion, take the point of view of another person);
"the development of the ability to self-knowledge, the formation of a positive" I - concept ".
Tasks education:
"To form universal human values in every child, virtues: love of neighbor, compassion, justice, citizenship, faith in beauty, responsibility, ethical culture, moral principles.
"Awaken all the forces inherent in man: physical, mental, ethical, emotional, aesthetic.
"To form human foundations, understanding of good and evil.
"Not to adapt the child to the needs of society, but to form his ability to navigate in society, educate a creator person - a citizen.
"To form a culture of communication.
" Educate the need for creative activity, creative development, a positive attitude towards work as a means of self-affirmation.
"Attach pupils to national and world culture.
Directions educational work:
1. Socialization. Pupil and kindergarten
Goal and tasks:
Formation of children awareness of belonging to a team, the desire to combine personal and public interests, to create an atmosphere of true camaraderie and friendship in the team.
Upbringing a conscious attitude to the knowledge of everything interesting and useful, the development of cognitive activity;
Educational work with preschoolers and their parents through educational activities.
Comprehension of oneself as a person, awareness of personal involvement in the world in all its manifestations.
2. Family upbringing... My family and my kindergarten.
Purpose of the section: psychological and pedagogical education of parents; development of cooperation between the parent community and the kindergarten; the rise educational impact of the family; help the child to understand the role in society and in the family. To acquaint with the rules of joint activities, to teach to coordinate their actions with others. Help children make sure they follow these rules.
Formation of ideas about family values.
Building respect for family members, raising a family man loving his parents.
Formation of children understanding the essence of the main social roles of the son - husband.
3. Educational and cognitive and physical.
" My knowledge.
Goal and tasks: extension horizons: creating a favorable educational environment for the realization of creative potential preschoolers; development of the desire for constant self-education and self-development; increasing intellectual comfort, increasing the motivation of goals; the formation of the ability to rationally organize their life and activities.
Formation of a civil attitude towards oneself.
Upbringing conscious discipline and culture of behavior, responsibility and diligence.
Formation of the need for self-education, self-education their moral and volitional qualities.
" My health.
Goal and tasks: Creation of conditions for the preservation of the physical, mental, spiritual and moral health of preschoolers.
Upbringing negative attitude to bad habits. Protection, preservation and correction of the child's physical and mental health; upbringing in children, the need for a healthy lifestyle; collaboration with healthcare professionals;
Promotion of physical education and a healthy lifestyle. Upbringing a physically developed person, leading a healthy lifestyle, capable of fully expressing himself in all areas. Children and sports are our main goal.
4. Environmental upbringing... We and our nature.
Goals: upbringing responsibility for the preservation of the environment; education of ethical, moral and a practical attitude towards it; the ability to behave in it in accordance with generally accepted norms.
5. Patriotic upbringing... We are the protectors our Fatherland.
Goals: to arouse interest in the past of your people. To acquaint with the national culture. Attach children to the origins of Russian culture, to spiritual and moral the values of their people, to restore the lost ties modern man with the history of the past and present; study of local history material.
The intended result
given spiritual and moral educational program is:
For educator... 1. Formation of children skills independence: introspection, self-esteem.
It's necessary pupils when moving to the primary school link. They should be able to analyze their activities, not be afraid to make decisions on their own, be able to take responsibility for their actions, share their experience with their peers.
By means education are activities, communication and relationships that are subject to rules, duties and rights, fixed Kindergarten Charter.
Activities of any kind should lead to personal success, should not be useless for people, morally and economically significant.
Leading activities: cognitive, intellectual, aesthetic, physical, sports, spiritual.
In communication educator the following should be implemented with children regulations:
"the ability to listen to him to the end;
"not to make decisions for him, but to encourage him to do it on his own;
"openness and accessibility.
Relationship educator and pupil are built on mutual respect, trust, fairness and exactingness.
Planned results. For preschooler.
1. Knowledge and understanding pupils the origins of Russian Russian culture, the traditions of the Russian people and other small nationalities of the Motherland, the ability to create in the space of Russian culture, the ability to live according to the laws of harmony and beauty.
2. Spiritual and moral potential of the younger generation. High level of self-awareness, self-discipline, ability to do the right thing moral choice ... Humanity, respect for the rights, freedoms and dignity of other people.
3. Conviction children in that that a real citizen loves his homeland, is proud of its glorious history, studies the historical and cultural heritage, is faithful to his civic duty.
4. Leading a healthy lifestyle, physical development and the desire for physical self-improvement, lack of bad habits, attitude to spiritual and physical health as an important personal and social value, ecological culture.
5. Interaction between family and kindergarten in the process spiritual and moral education, the kindergarten is the center of the sociocultural environment.
6. A real citizen loves and protects nature, takes an active position in the struggle to preserve peace on Earth.
Preschoolers should be:
"they are friendly with each other, attentive to each other and to those around them, open to the world and people;
"have individual abilities and interests, be able to work creatively, be able to independently acquire knowledge, not be afraid of non-standard situations, with interest to seek and find their solutions;
"are independent, possess self-control and self-esteem;
"capable of changing themselves.
Types and forms educational activities:
1. Lecture; (for parents)
2. Conversation; (for children and parents)
3. An hour of communication; (for parents and children)
4. Role-playing games; (for children)
5. Disputes; (for parents)
6. "Brainstorm"; (for parents)
7. Classes in creativity (for children and parents)
8. Meetings; (for parents)
9. Excursions (for children)
activity: (during the year)
1. Seminars (for parents)
2. Contests, (for children)
3. KVN (for parents)
4. Quizzes (for parents)
5. Excursions (for children)
6. Promotions, projects (for parents)
7. Tourist gatherings (for children and parents)
8. Round tables (for parents)
9. Disputes (for parents)
10. Research activities. (for children)
11. Conferences (for parents)
Traditional kindergarten activities (during a year)
"Day of Knowledge
"Aesthetic show" Through the country of polite words "
"Anniversary of the kindergarten
" Mothers Day
"Holiday of the New Year tree
"Project" I am discovering my talent! "
"Sports festival
"Holiday of Health" Dad, mom, I - healthy family"
"Holidays and events" Serving the Fatherland "
"Zarnichka-review" Parade of the military song "
"Staged Fairy Tale Competition
"Holiday" Hello Summer! "
"Celebration" Star Rain "
"Ascension stars (children's creativity competition)
"Project activities
"Ecological hikes.
"Folklore Holidays.
"Theatrical performances.
"Creation of a local history museum" History our kindergarten"
Diagnostics:
Exploring features preschoolers, understanding the motives of their behavior makes it possible to predict their reactions in various situations, which, in turn, makes educational work more rational and economical.
Areas of diagnostics:
1. Study of individual personality traits preschoolers:
" capabilities;
"temperament;
"type of personality in communication;
" self-esteem;
"success in activity;
" level good manners.
2. The study of interpersonal relations:
"sociometry;
"the socio-psychological climate in the group;
"general information;
" capabilities;
"temperament;
"type of personality in communication;
" self-esteem;
"success in activity;
" level good manners.
3. Forms of diagnosis:
"questioning;
"testing;
"observation;
Working with parents.
Interaction educator and parents is that both parties should be interested in studying the child, discovering and developing in him the best qualities and properties necessary for self-determination and self-realization. Such interaction is based on the principles of mutual respect and trust, mutual support and assistance, patience and tolerance towards each other.
Forms of work with parents:
"questioning
"consultation
" parenting meetings, visiting family, spending joint hours of communication, excursions, parents and children.
Literature
1. Law on Education 1992. No. 3266-1
2. The Constitution of the Russian Federation (Art. 1,10,17,15,19,32,43,50,51,52)
3. The Law on Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child 1998.
4. Bible. Books of the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments. 1990.
5. T. V. Volkova "The Science of Being Human" Volgograd, 2008.
6. M. A. Andrianov "Philosophy for children"Minsk, 2003.
7. N. E. Shchurkova Test. "Reflections on Life Experience". Moscow, 1991.
8. E. N. Stepanov "Study of the level of parental satisfaction with the work of an educational institution." Moscow, 1991.
9. Lyakhov II Project activity. M. 1996.
"Kindness is the most important thing in the world"
Work program for spiritual and moral education.
1. Explanatory note
« Children is our future". And what it will be depends on us adults: parents, teachers, the public. It is necessary to create such conditions in which the child's initial striving for the sublime, holy and good would be formed and consolidated. Since the habits and values laid down in childhood will become the moral foundation for making vital decisions in the future. Their tomorrow's level of spiritual and moral consciousness, patriotic pride is being laid now.
We must also remember that children are our reflection. First of all, we ourselves must become bearers of the spiritual and moral culture that we strive to instill in children. The human soul is "Christian by nature," and that is why children are so open, so responsive to everything good and beautiful, and their hearts are able to perceive much more than their parents think. "God hid it from the wise and prudent, and revealed it to babies" (Matthew 11:25)
What do we mean by moral and spiritual education? This is, first of all, love for the Motherland, love for nature, fostering respect for other people, peers, with love for Russian creativity. The child first discovers his homeland in the family. This is his closest circle, where he draws such concepts as "labor", "duty", "honor", "Motherland".
The upbringing of children without a spiritual and moral foundation is incomplete, moreover, it is harmful, because we graduate children from preschool educational institutions without clear ideas about good and evil. It is also harmful for us, adults, because we do not care about the most important thing in the development of a child - the nutrition of his soul. The relevance of this program lies in the fact that it introduces children to the spiritual and moral values traditional for Orthodox Russia, reveals the spiritual giftedness of the child and his personal talents, forms civic consciousness, love for the Motherland and the Russian people. Thus, this program contributes to the fulfillment and implementation of tasks for the spiritual and moral education of children of younger preschool age in the course of classes and in the independent activities of pupils. The work program for spiritual and moral education is focused on teaching children aged 2 to 4 years and is designed for 2 years.
When developing the work program, the following regulatory documents were taken into account:
- Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation";
- Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of October 17, 2013 No. 1155 "On approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education"
- Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 15, 2013 No. 26 "On the approval of SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13" Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation of preschool educational organizations ";
- Veraxes
1.2. Goals and objectives of the Program implementation
Purpose of the program: Formation of the foundations of spiritual, moral, value orientations in children of primary preschool age.
In the course of its achievements, the following tasks are solved:
- To familiarize with the elementary generally accepted norms and rules of relationships with peers and adults.
- To form in children feelings of love for their native land on the basis of familiarization with their native nature, culture and traditions through creative, cognitive and research activities.
- To cultivate mutual assistance, loyalty, friendliness and hard work.
- Develop elementary knowledge on human rights.
- To develop in children speech, thinking, imagination, the ability to analyze, compare through special games and exercises.
- To form in parents (legal representatives) ideas about the forms and traditions of the family structure by the foundations of Orthodoxy,
- Basic principles of spiritual and moral education of preschoolers.
- Spiritual landmark: building life and actions on the basis of the requirements of Christian perfection (free recognition of the rule - "Avoid evil and do good");
- Humanistic principle: the formation of a positive attitude towards the world and people, sympathy and compassion, (the teacher's attitude to the pupil as a responsible subject own development) is realized through the formation of an attitude towards oneself, towards the world and with the world (love of one's neighbor).
- Conformity to nature: according to Ya.K. Kamensky - Man is naturally full of life, loves movement and activity and needs only prudent guidance ... you just need to direct a person so that chaotic instincts do not lead him beyond the due ... (education should be based on a scientific understanding of natural and social processes, be consistent with the general laws of human development in accordance with his gender and age).
- Cultural conformity: (education should be built in accordance with the values and norms of national culture, in this case Orthodoxy, and features inherent in the traditions of certain regions).
- Characteristics of age and individual characteristics of pupils of primary preschool age
Younger preschool age is characterized by a high intensity of physical and mental development. The child's activity increases, its purposefulness increases.
From 3-4 years of age, significant changes occur in the nature and content of the child's activity, in relations with others; adults and peers.
Especially important role acquires interaction with an adult who is a guarantor for the child psychological comfort and security. In communicating with him, the baby receives information of interest to him, satisfies his cognitive needs. During a young age, an interest in communication with peers develops. In play, the first "creative" associations arise, where the child takes on certain roles and subordinates his behavior to them.
This shows the child's interest in the world of adults, who act for him as a model of behavior, and the desire to master this world is revealed. New opportunities are opening up for instilling in children a benevolent attitude towards others, emotional responsiveness, and the ability to empathize.
The curiosity of children increases dramatically. At this age, significant changes occur in the development of speech: the vocabulary increases significantly, elementary types of judgments about the environment appear, which are expressed in fairly detailed statements.
Most important points in the spiritual and moral education of younger preschoolers are: the formation of love for their native land, their Fatherland, humanity, a sense of comradeship, honesty, justice, responsibility. And here, not only and not so much special conversations and explanations play an important role, but the organization of the child's entire life in accordance with the principles of universal morality, the daily practice of proper behavior.
2.2. Forms, methods and techniques for spiritual and moral education.
1.Cognitive activity- (reading fiction, fairy tales, folklore).
2. Productive activity- (making appliques, figurines, designs, crafts, drawings).
3. Moral activity - (lessons of love and kindness, acquaintance with Orthodox traditions and values).
4.Creative activity(modeling from plasticine, painting and graphics, musical creativity, dancing).
5. Cooperative activity, in which children and parents participate, is aimed at the spiritual development of the family, strengthening family values, respect and mutual understanding (family and Orthodox holidays, games and competitions).
6. Theatrical play activity(dramatization of songs and fairy tales).
Forms and methods for the implementation of the main tasks of the Program
- Conducting Orthodox holidays;
- Lessons in Kindness;
- Conversation, games of moral and spiritual-moral content;
- Organization of exhibitions ( cooperative activity children and parents);
- Examination of illustrations in books and pictures.
- Staging of musical fairy tales of spiritual and moral content;
- Targeted walks in nature;
- Viewing slides, films, filmstrips, using audio recordings;
2.3. Areas of work on the spiritual and moral education of younger preschoolers used in the program.
- Spiritual and educational (lesson, conversations, oral assignments).
- Educational and health-improving (holidays, mobile educational and role-playing games, targeted walks).
- Cultural and educational (meetings, targeted walks, concerts, watching videos, listening to audio tapes).
- Moral and labor (self-service work, cleaning the group and territory, work according to interests, productive activity, making gifts for the holidays).
- Academic-thematic plan
Work on spiritual and moral education is based on uniform principles and ensures the integrity of the pedagogical process. Organized educational activities are carried out in accordance with the recommended: the duration of the regime moments for the age groups of the kindergarten; the volume of the study load, taking into account the requirements of SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13.
Kindness is the most important in the world program provides for organized educational activities, the duration of which depends on the age characteristics of the children.
Second junior group (from 3 to 4 years old)
(2015-2016 academic year)
September
Topic 1 "It's good in our garden."
Topic 2 "How we play fun."
Topic 3 "The sun has friends"
Topic 4 "Gifts for friends." (Productive activity).
Topic 1 "Beautiful Autumn".
Topic 2 "Multi-colored carpet" (productive activity).
Topic 3 "Gifts of Autumn".
Topic 4 "Golden Autumn" (entertainment).
Topic 1 "Mom, Dad, I am a family."
Topic 2 "Our Family Album".
Topic 3 "Together with grandparents."
Topic 4 "Beautiful and warm words".
Topic 1 “Who lives in my yard”.
Topic 2 "Forest dwellers".
Topic 3 “How we help animals and birds”.
Topic 4. Story game"On a visit to grandmother."
Topic 1 "Nativity of Christ".
Topic 2 "Winter fun".
Topic 3 "Fairy trees".
Topic 1 "My dad is good"
Topic 2 "Playing with dad" (joint entertainment with children and parents).
Topic 3 "Gifts for Dad".
Topic 4 "Brave Soldiers"
Topic 1 "Who loves you children more."
Topic 2 "Flowers for Mom" (productive activity).
Topic 3 Design of the stand "Me and Mom".
Topic 4 "Everything for Mom" (entertainment)
Topic 1 "Our village".
Topic 2 Design of the "The village in which we live" stand.
Topic 3 D / I "Name it correctly" (children recognize the place of the village from the photo)
Topic 4 “Streets and houses in which we live” (productive activity).
Topic 1 "Our Motherland - RUSSIA"
Topic 2 "Friendly guys"
Topic 3 "My favorite" (About pets)
Topic 4 "May everyone be happy" final holiday.
- Expected results of mastering the program
- The presence of primary ideas about spiritual and moral values in relation to the family, peers and adults, the natural environment, the objective world and oneself in this world.
- The desire and ability to express oneself in accessible activities in accordance with spiritual and moral values (the ability to interact with adults and peers, negotiate, exchange, distribute actions, apply learned rules).
- Development of the ability to manage their behavior and plan actions (has an idea of "what is good and what is bad", tries not to violate the rules of behavior, feels a sense of shame in situations where his behavior is unseemly)
- Awakening in children a cognitive interest in relationships, people's behavior, the desire to comprehend them (asking questions to adults, the ability to act independently, in cases of difficulty, seek help).
The system for evaluating the results of the development of the program
The specificity of preschool childhood and the systemic features of preschool education make it illegal to require specific educational achievements from a preschool child. Therefore, the results of mastering the Program are presented in the form of targets for preschool education and represent the age characteristics of the child's possible achievements by the end of preschool education.
Target benchmarks :
- not subject to direct assessment;
- are not grounds for their formal comparison with the real achievements of children;
- are not the basis for an objective assessment of compliance with the established requirements of educational activities and training of children;
Its results can be used to solve educational problems, when implementing a program, where an assessment can be carried out. individual development pupil.
For pedagogical diagnostics, they can use different methods:
... Conversations;
... Observation;
... Analysis of products of children's activities;
... Diagnostic situation.
Within the framework of the program “Kindness is most important in the world”, one of the main ones is recommended to use the method of creating diagnostic situations, using specially selected (developed, adapted) exercises and tasks for children.
Taking as a basis the parameters "From birth to school" edited by N.A. VERAKSA ", a criterion apparatus for diagnosing preschoolers was developed, and tables were drawn up for the convenience of tracking the developmental characteristics and achievements of each pupil, and optimizing work with a subgroup of children. (Annex 1)
Monitoring the educational process
Monitoring of child development (pedagogical diagnostics) is carried out 2 times a year (September, May). The main task of monitoring is to determine the degree of the child's approach to the target benchmarks and the impact of the educational process organized at the preschool educational institution on the child's development.
Bibliography
- Veraksa, N.E. The main educational program of preschool education "From birth to school" / Ed. NOT. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva. - M .: Mosaika Sintez, 2014 .-- 368 p.
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated 03.14.2000 No. 65 / 23-16 "On hygienic requirements for the maximum load on preschool children in organized forms of education" [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http: //docs.cntd.ru/document/901764917
- Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Education and Science of Russia) of October 17, 2013 N 1155 "On the approval of the federal state educational standard for preschool education" [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://www.rg.ru/2013/11/25/obr-dok.html
- Dybina O.B. Child and the world... M: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2005.
- Komratova N.O civic education preschoolers // Preschool education 2006 №5, pp. 3-10.
- Komratova N. About civic education of preschoolers // Preschool education 2005 №10, pp.10-19.
- Tatarinova L.Yu. I and my family. Series "To the Kids about the Motherland" St. Petersburg: Publishing House "Litera", 2007.
- Sultanova N. "Spiritual and moral education of preschoolers" // Preschool education 2004 №5, p13-17.